scholarly journals Dental wear patterns reveal dietary ecology and season of death in a historical chimpanzee population

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0251309
Author(s):  
Julia Stuhlträger ◽  
Ellen Schulz-Kornas ◽  
Ottmar Kullmer ◽  
Marcel M. Janocha ◽  
Roman M. Wittig ◽  
...  

Dental wear analyses have been widely used to interpret the dietary ecology in primates. However, it remains unclear to what extent a combination of wear analyses acting at distinct temporal scales can be beneficial in interpreting the tooth use of primates with a high variation in their intraspecific dietary ecology. Here, we combine macroscopic tooth wear (occlusal fingerprint analysis, long-term signals) with microscopic 3D surface textures (short-term signals) exploring the tooth use of a historical western chimpanzee population from northeastern Liberia with no detailed dietary records. We compare our results to previously published tooth wear and feeding data of the extant and continually monitored chimpanzees of Taї National Park in Ivory Coast. Macroscopic tooth wear results from molar wear facets of the Liberian population indicate only slightly less wear when compared to the Taї population. This suggests similar long-term feeding behavior between both populations. In contrast, 3D surface texture results show that Liberian chimpanzees have many and small microscopic wear facet features that group them with those Taї chimpanzees that knowingly died during dry periods. This coincides with historical accounts, which indicate that local tribes poached and butchered the Liberian specimens during dust-rich dry periods. In addition, Liberian females and males differ somewhat in their 3D surface textures, with females having more microscopic peaks, smaller hill and dale areas and slightly rougher wear facet surfaces than males. This suggests a higher consumption of insects in Liberian females compared to males, based on similar 3D surface texture patterns previously reported for Taї chimpanzees. Our study opens new options for uncovering details of feeding behaviors of chimpanzees and other living and fossil primates, with macroscopic tooth wear tracing the long-term dietary and environmental history of a single population and microscopic tooth wear addressing short-term changes (e.g. seasonality).

2021 ◽  
pp. 002203452110056
Author(s):  
A.T. Hara ◽  
D. Elkington-Stauss ◽  
P.S. Ungar ◽  
F. Lippert ◽  
G.J. Eckert ◽  
...  

This in situ erosive tooth wear (ETW) study tested enamel 3-dimensional (3D) surface texture outcomes for the detection and differentiation of ETW lesions simulated in clinically relevant conditions. Twenty participants enrolled in this 3-arm crossover intraoral ETW simulation and wore their own partial denture for 14 d holding 2 human enamel specimens (per arm). In each arm, participants were assigned to 1 of 3 different dental erosion protocols: severe (lemon juice/pH 2.5), moderate (grapefruit juice/pH 3.5), and no erosion (bottled drinking water, control). Enamel specimens were evaluated by white-light scanning confocal profilometry for 3D surface texture and surface loss (ETW model validation). Individual point clouds were analyzed using standard dental microwear texture characterization protocols for surface roughness and anisotropy. Fractal complexity ( Asfc), texture aspect ratio ( Str), and arithmetical mean height ( Sa) values were generated at baseline, 7 d, and 14 d. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance models suitable for the crossover design with repeated measurements, and correlation coefficients were used to examine the relationship between outcomes. Asfc and Sa differentiated ETW severity (no erosion < moderate < severe, P < 0.001) at days 7 and 14. Asfc and Sa were lower at baseline compared to days 7 and 14 ( P < 0.001) for moderate and severe challenges. Asfc increased from day 7 to 14 ( P = 0.042) for the severe challenge. For Str, ETW severity did not have a significant effect overall ( P = 0.15). Asfc and Sa were highly positively correlated ( r = 0.89, P < 0.001), while Asfc and Sa were not correlated overall with Str ( r < 0.1, P ≥ 0.25). Enamel surface loss increased with ETW severity (no erosion < moderate < severe, P < 0.001) at days 7 and 14, validating the ETW simulation model. Complexity ( Asfc) and roughness ( Sa) outcomes were able to detect and differentiate ETW levels, with Asfc being able to monitor the progression of severe lesions. No clear characterization of ETW lesions could be provided by the anisotropy ( Str) parameter.


2014 ◽  
Vol 686 ◽  
pp. 82-85
Author(s):  
You Jiao Li ◽  
Tong Sheng Ju ◽  
Meng Gao

This thesis presents a new approach to classify 3D surface textures by using lifting transform with quincunx subsampling. Feature vectors are generated from eight different lifting prediction directions. We classify 3D surface texture images based on minimum Euclidean distance between the test images and the training sets. The feasibility and effectiveness of our proposed approach can be validated by the experimental results.


2005 ◽  
Vol 295-296 ◽  
pp. 437-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Song ◽  
L. Ma ◽  
E. Whitenton ◽  
T. Vorburger

Autocorrelation and cross-correlation functions are proposed for 2D and 3D surface texture comparisons. At the maximum correlation point of the two correlated surface textures, there is a peak shown at the cross-correlation curve. It is proposed to generate a difference function at the maximum correlation point for evaluation of the difference between the two compared surface textures. Based on this method, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) bullet signature measurement system is developed for the bullet signature measurements of NIST standard bullets.


2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 177-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junyu Dong ◽  
Mike Chantler

Wear ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 257 (12) ◽  
pp. 1288-1295 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Uchidate ◽  
T. Shimizu ◽  
A. Iwabuchi ◽  
K. Yanagi

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