scholarly journals The role of bovine colostrum on recovery time and length of hospital stay of acute diarrhea in infants and children: a double-blind randomized controlled trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
IGN Suwarba ◽  
Sudaryat S ◽  
Hendra S ◽  
IKG Suandi ◽  
Raka Widiana
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Bovine Colostrum ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Defecation Frequency

Background WHO standard treatment for acute diarrhea remainsunsatisfying to the parents of acute diarrhea patients, particularlythe need of medical treatment. Bovine colostrum contains immuneand growth factors that is thought able to neutralize some agentscausing acute diarrhea in infants and children.Objective To evaluate the efficacy of bovine colostrum as adju-vant therapy on recovery time and length of hospital stay for acutediarrhea in infants and children.Methods A double-blind randomized controlled trial was conductedon infants and children with acute diarrhea admitted to SanglahHospital. Treatment group received standard therapy with bovinecolostrums and control group received standard therapy plus pla-cebo. The primary outcomes were achievement of recovery timeand length of hospital stay. Recovery time was determined by thenumber of days needed to achieve defecation frequency <3 times/day and needed to achieve normal stool consistency.Results Seventy infants and children were enrolled. The treatmentgroup significantly achieved recovery time earlier than the control groupin regard to the time of achieving defecation frequency to <3 times/day [2.31 (0.76) vs 3.34 (1.45); mean difference of -1.03; P= 0.001; CI95% -1.58;-0.48] and normal stool consistency [2.40 (0.77) vs 3.43(1.48); mean difference of -1.03; P = 0.001; CI 95% -1.59;-0.46]. Lengthof hospital stay was shorter in the treatment group than the controlgroup [2.89 (0.78) vs 3.94 (1.53); mean difference of -1.05; P= 0.001;CI 95% (-1.3;-0.7)]. No significant difference was found in mean ofbody weight recovery in two groups [0.47 (0.16) vs 0.49 (0.20); meandifference of -0.03; P=0.556; CI 95%: -0.11;0.06]. Age, nutritionalstatus, breastfeeding, and diarrhea before admission did not influ-ence the study outcome.Conclusion Bovine colostrums as an adjuvant in standard therapyfor acute diarrhea in infants and children is effective in regard toachieve earlier recovery time and shorter length of hospital stay

Dexamethasone and length of hospital stay in patients with community-acquired pneumonia: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

The Lancet ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 377 (9782) ◽  
pp. 2023-2030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine CA Meijvis ◽  
Hans Hardeman ◽  
Hilde HF Remmelts ◽  
Rik Heijligenberg ◽  
Ger T Rijkers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo

scholarly journals Efficacy of Quetiapine for Delirium Prevention in Hospitalized Older Medical Patients: a Randomized Double-blind Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saran Thanapluetiwong ◽  
Sirasa Ruangritchankul ◽  
Orapitchaya Sriwanno ◽  
Sirintorn Chansirikarnjana ◽  
Pichai Ittasakul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Medical Patients ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Icu Admission ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Delirium Prevention

Abstract Background: Delirium is a common disorder among hospitalized older patients and results in increased morbidity and mortality. The prevention of delirium is still challenging in older patient care. The role of antipsychotics in delirium prevention has been limited. Therefore, we conducted a trial to investigate the efficacy of quetiapine use to prevent delirium in hospitalized older medical patients.Methods: This study was a randomized double-blind controlled trial conducted at Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. Patients aged ≥ 65 years hospitalized in the internal medicine service were randomized to quetiapine 12.5 mg or placebo once daily at bedtime for a maximum 7-day duration. The primary end point was delirium incidence. Secondary end points were delirium duration, length of hospital stay, ICU admission, rehospitalization and mortality within 30 and 90 days.Results: A total of 122 patients were enrolled in the study. Eight (6.6%) left the trial before receiving the first dose of the intervention, whereas 114 (93.4%) were included in an intention-to-treat analysis allocated to the quetiapine or placebo group (n=57 each). The delirium incidence rates in the quetiapine and placebo groups were 14.0% and 8.8% (OR=1.698, 95% CI 0.520-5.545, P=0.381), respectively. Other endpoints in the quetiapine and placebo groups were the median length of hospital stay, 6 (4-8) days versus 5 (4-8) days (P=0.133), respectively; delirium duration, 4 (2.3-6.5) versus 3 (1.5-4.0) days (P=0.557), respectively; ICU admission, 3 (5.3%) patients from both groups (P=1.000); and mortality in the quetiapine and placebo groups, 1 (1.8%) versus 2 (3.5%) at 30 days (P=0.566) and 7 (12.3%) versus 9 (15.8%) days at 90 days (P=0.591). There were no significant differences in other outcomes. None of the participants reported adverse events.Conclusions: Quetiapine prophylaxis did not reduce delirium incidence in hospitalized older medical patients. The use of quetiapine to prevent delirium in this population group should not be recommended.Trial registration: This trial was retrospectively registered with the Thai clinical trials registry (TCTR) at clinicaltrials.in.th (TCTR20190927001) on September 26, 2019.

scholarly journals Efficacy of dioctahedral smectite in infants with acute diarrhea: a double blind randomized controlled trial

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Made Widiasa ◽  
Soetjiningsih Soetjiningsih ◽  
Putu Gede Karyana
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Dioctahedral Smectite

Background  Acute  diarrhea  is  a sudden diarrhea which lasts lessthan  seven days  on  babies and children.  The  standard  treatmentby  WHO  in managing acute diarrhea  is  still  not  satisfactory forparents whose infants and children suffering from the disease.Dioctahedral  smectite  is  expected  to  decrease  the  volume,frequency, and duration  of  diarrhea.Objective  To  assess the clinical effects  of  dioctahedral smectite ininfants with acute diarrhea.Methods  A double-blind, randomized clinical controlled trial wasperformed on six to  12  months-old infants who were hospitalizedin Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar due to acute diarrhea .The subjectswere divided into two groups.  The  treatment  group was givenstandard  management  with  adjuvant  dioctahedral  smectitewhile  and  control group was given standard management withplacebo.Results  From  68  infants enrolled in this study, the  mean  durationof  diarrhea was significantly shorter in treatment group comparedto placebo group  [39.03  hours (SD  2.03)  vs  70.58  hours (SD3.78),  mean  difference  31.6 (95%  CI  22.90  to  40.19), P=0.001].The  RRR was  50%,  and  ARR  was  29%.  Kaplan-Meier survivalanalysis showed  that  duration  of  acute diarrhea was shorter intreatment  group  [36  hours (SD  1.7)  versus 72 hours (SD  4.18),mean difference  36.0 (95%  CI  21.81  to  50.19),  log rank test,P<0.0001].  In multivariate Cox regression analysis, it was foundthat  dioctahedral smectite influenced the duration  of  diarrheain infants with acute diarrhea  [OR  4.403 (95%  CI  2.39  to  8.12),P<O.OOOl].Conclusion  Dioctahedral smectite  can  shorten the duration  ofacute diarrhea.

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