STRUKTUR NARATIF CERITA NABI KHIDIR  DALAM AL-QUR’AN

This article aims at studying narrative structure of the story of Saint Khidir (Nabi Khidir) in the Koran by questioning its meaning, its structure and fuction. The narrative approach is used in examining the story. It turns out that like any other stories in the Koran, the story of saint Khidir has a simple structure of narrative (ijaz). The narrative structure of the story aims at strengthening the faith to Alloh through its thematic values. The story also informs us the social context of the given time and prophet Mohammad’s psychological realm in his preaching. The story gives tremendous moral value to Arabic society in giving meaning to their selves and their surroundings.

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Facing the Eternal Desert: Sociotemporal Values in Old English Poetry

KronoScope ◽

10.1163/15685241-12341385 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 231-253

Author(s):

Rosemary Huisman

Keyword(s):

Social Context ◽

Old English ◽

Narrative Structure ◽

English Poetry ◽

Old English Poetry ◽

English Poem ◽

Modern Reader ◽

The Social ◽

Singular Noun ◽

Narrative Time

Abstract Time is a singular noun, but includes a multiplicity of temporalities, including what J. T. Fraser has termed sociotemporality. In this paper, I discuss facing the urgency of time in a narrative dominated by sociotemporality, that of the Old English poem Beowulf, and suggest how criticism of the narrative structure of Beowulf has derived from a monovalent understanding of narrative time. Moreover, in recognizing sociotemporality as dominant in the organization of the poem, the modern reader can gain greater access to what was valued in the social context of its response to “the urgency of time.”

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Moralistes

Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy ◽

10.4324/9780415249126-da035-1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Ian MacLean

Keyword(s):

Seventeenth Century ◽

Social Context ◽

Human Nature ◽

Common Sense ◽

Social Behaviour ◽

Human Behaviour ◽

Moral Norms ◽

Moral Value ◽

Literary Forms ◽

The Social

The moralistes constitute a tradition of secular French writing about human nature and political and social behaviour principally in the context of the court and the salon. Their non-systematic observations about mankind are couched in literary forms, such as the maxim and the pen-portrait, appropriate to the social context from which they emerged. The four principal moralistes of the ancien régime were La Rochefoucauld, La Bruyère, Vauvenargues and Chamfort. La Rochefoucauld’s Maximes (1665) constitute a sharp attack on the neo-Stoic moral optimism of the first half of the seventeenth century, and determine self-love to be the mainspring of all human behaviour. La Bruyère’s Caractères (1688) is a more diverse work in both form and content: it contains a satire of the follies and vices of his age, as well as vivid pen-portraits. There are implicit contradictions in the moral norms governing this often indignant denunciation of men and society. Vauvenargues, writing some fifty years later, expresses more confidence in human nature, rehabilitating the passions and arguing for the moral value of self-love of a certain kind. This optimism is not shared by Chamfort, whose Maximes et pensées (1795) reverts to the cynical tone of his seventeenth-century predecessors in the genre. These writers do not attempt to systematize their thoughts, and they choose to express themselves in urbane and witty ways rather than in sober prose, but they carry out the Cartesian programme of employing ‘common sense’ and native intellectual powers to the end of uncovering aspects of human nature and behaviour accessible to observant people free from moral or religious preconceptions.

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