PUNCHING CUPS WITH BOTTOM FLANGE BY DIRECT EXTRUSION WITH COUNTER-PUNCH. INDUSTRIAL TESTING AND ITS RESULTS

Author(s):  
A. L. Vorontsov ◽  
I. A. Nikiforov

The results of industrial testing of a new method of manufacturing glasses with a flange in the bottom part by direct extrusion with a counter-punch are presented. The characteristics of the tools used, the geometrical parameters of the stamping, and also the lubrication are described in detail. A method for eliminating the meniscus of the end face of the extruded glass wall is described. The results of practical studies of the strength properties and hardness of billets and obtained products are presented. Additionally, the high accuracy of the obtained calculation formulas is confirmed.

Author(s):  
A. L. Vorontsov ◽  
I. A. Nikiforov

The design of the process for industrial testing of a new method for manufacturing glasses with a flange in the bottom part by direct extrusion with counter-punch is shown in detail. The drawing of the resulting product is given, the requirements for it are set out. It is shown that on presses with a low working speed, the counter-punch resistance cannot be ensured. It was proposed to use the temperature effect of plastic deformation, which manifests itself above a certain rate of deformation and eliminates the increase in force due to hardening of the extruded material, to ensure an acceptable load on the counter-punch.


Author(s):  
A. L. Vorontsov ◽  
I. A. Nikiforov

The results of an experimental verification of the obtained theoretical formulas on hardening material are presented, which make it possible to determine the most important parameters for extruding glasses with a counter-punch. The methods of theoretical calculations and the characteristics of the tools used, the geometric parameters of extrusion experiments, the strength characteristics of the wrought material, and its lubrication are described in detail. The high accuracy of the obtained calculation formulas is confirmed.


Author(s):  
A. L. Vorontsov ◽  
I. A. Nikiforov

The goals of experimental verification of theoretical results are formulated. The results of an experimental verification of the obtained theoretical formulas are presented, which make it possible to determine the most important parameters for extruding glasses with a counter-punch. The characteristics of the tools used, the geometric parameters of the extrusion experiments, the strength characteristics of deformable materials, and their lubrication are described in detail. Studies of extrusion of non-hardening material simulating hot deformation are carried out. The high accuracy of the obtained calculation formulas is confirmed.


Author(s):  
A. L. Vorontsov ◽  
I. A. Nikiforov

The results of an experimental verification of the obtained theoretical formulas are presented, which make it possible to determine the most important parameters for extruding glasses with a counter-punch at different taper angles of the matrix. The characteristics of the tools used, the geometric parameters of extrusion experiments, the strength characteristics of deformable materials, and their lubrication are described in detail. Extraction studies of both non-hardening and hardening material have been performed. The methodology for performing theoretical calculations is shown in detail. The high accuracy of the obtained calculation formulas is confirmed.


Author(s):  
A. L. Vorontsov ◽  
I. A. Nikiforov

The results of an experimental verification of the obtained theoretical formulas are presented, which make it possible to determine the most important parameters for extruding glasses with a counter-punch, by the method of dividing (coordinate) grids. The characteristics of the tools used, the geometric parameters of the extrusion experiment, the strength characteristics of the deformable material, and also its lubrication are described in detail. The implementation of theoretical calculations of the stress and strain states of the workpiece is described in detail. The high accuracy of the obtained calculation formulas is confirmed.


The results of an experimental verification of the obtained theoretical formulas are presented, which make it possible to determine the most important parameters of advanced glasses with a control lunar layer of brass L63 and steel 12X18H9T. Detailed characteristics of the tools used, geometric parameters of extrusion experiments, strength characteristics of deformable materials, as well as their lubrication. Click on the methodology for performing theoretical calculations in detail. The high accuracy of the obtained results of the calculation formulas is confirmed.


Author(s):  
A. L. Vorontsov ◽  
I. A. Nikiforov

The results of an experimental verification of the obtained theoretical formulas are presented, which make it possible to determine the most important parameters for extruding glasses with a counter-punch for different cavity radii and bottom thicknesses. The characteristics of the tools used, the geometric parameters of the extrusion experiments, the strength characteristics of deformable materials, and their lubrication are described in detail. Extrusion studies of both non-hardening and hardening material have been performed. The methodology for performing theoretical calculations is shown in detail. The high accuracy of the calculated calculation formulas is confirmed.


2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (9) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
A. L. Vorontsov ◽  
◽  
I. A. Nikiforov ◽  

The results of an experimental check of the obtained theoretical formulae allowing us to determine the most important parameters of extrusion cartridges with a counterpunch for different hollow radiuses and bottom-most part thicknesses are presented. Characteristics of used tools, geometric parameters of extrusion experiments, strength characteristics of deformed materials and lubricants are described in detail. Both strain-hardening material and strain-unhardening material were studied. Methodology of the theoretical calculations is demonstrated in detail. High accuracy of the obtained design formulae was confirmed.


1996 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-F. Donati

In this paper, I will review the capabilities of magnetic imaging (also called Zeeman-Doppler imaging) to reconstruct spot distributions of surface fields from sets of rotationnally modulated Zeeman signatures in circularly polarised spectral lines. I will then outline a new method to measure small amplitude magnetic signals (typically 0.1% for cool active stars) with very high accuracy. Finally, I will present and comment new magnetic images reconstructed from data collected in 1993 December at the Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT).


2012 ◽  
Vol 170-173 ◽  
pp. 2924-2928
Author(s):  
Sheng Biao Chen ◽  
Yun Zhi Tan

In order to measure the water drainage volume in soil mechanical tests accurately, it develop a new method which is based on principles of optics. And from both physical and mathematic aspects, it deduces the mathematic relationship between micro change in displacement and the increment projected on screen. The result shows that total reflection condition is better than refraction condition. What’s more, the screen could show the water volume micro variation clearly, so it can improve the accuracy of measurement.


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