Direct Selective Oxidation of Hydrogen Sulfide: Laboratory, Pilot and Industrial Tests

This article is devoted to scientific and technical aspects of the direct catalytic oxidation of hydrogen sulfide for the production of elemental sulfur. It includes a detailed description of the Claus process as the main reference technology for hydrogen sulfide processing methods. An overview of modern catalytic systems for direct catalytic oxidation technology and known processes is presented. Descriptions of the scientific results of the Institute of Catalysis of the SB RAS in a study of the physical and chemical foundations of the process and the creation of a catalyst for it are included. The Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS technologies based on fundamental studies and their pilot and industrial testing results are described.

Optimal Reduction of Number of Test Vectors for Soft Processor Cores Implemented in FPGA

This paper describes a new optimization methodology of testing vector sets reduction for testing of soft-processor cores and their individual blocks. The deterministic test vectors both for whole core and its individual blocks are investigated that significantly reduce the testing time and amount of test data that needs to be stored on the tester memory. The processor executes an assembler program which together with determined testing vectors ex-ercise its functionality. The new BIST methodology applicable at industrial testing of processor cores, diagnostics and dynamic reconfiguration of FPGA is proposed. This novel methodology combined with dynamic reconfiguration of FPGAs can be profitable applied for missions-critical i.e. FPGAs operate in space, or other difficult condition where are explore on radiation. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach reduces many times testing time.

RESEARCH OF QUALITY INDICATORS OF FINISHING SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCTS FOR FLOUR CONFECTIONERY PRODUCTS OF REDUCED CALORIES FOR DIETARY PREVENTIVE PURPOSE

Исследованы показатели качества отделочных полуфабрикатов, разработанных на основе рецептуры крема «Шарлотт», с добавлением какао-порошка и без него для мучных кондитерских изделий пониженной калорийности диетического профилактического назначения. Пониженная калорийность отделочных полуфабрикатов обусловлена заменой сливочного масла в рецептуре крема «Шарлотт» сливками 33%-й жирности. Установлено, что исследованные органолептические показатели – внешний вид, цвет, запах, структура и вкус разработанных отделочных полуфабрикатов соответствуют данному виду изделий и несущественно отличаются от аналогичных показателей крема «Шарлотт», приготовленного по стандартной технологии. По микробиологическим показателям разработанный отделочный полуфабрикат после хранения в течение 24 ч при температуре 4°С соответствовал требованиям ТР ТС 021/2011. Установлен срок хранения разработанного крема пониженной калорийности – в течение 24 ч при температуре от 2 до 6°С. Себестоимость единицы продукции пониженной калорийности с добавкой какао-порошка и без нее соответственно на 50,4 р. и на 37,4 р. ниже, чем аналогичный показатель продукции, изготовленной по стандартной технологии. Рентабельность разработанной продукции выросла на 20% и составила 60%, что свидетельствует о положительном экономическом эффекте от внедрения в производство отделочных полуфабрикатов пониженной калорийности. Результаты исследований показателей качества и промышленной апробации отделочных полуфабрикатов пониженной калорийности позволяют рекомендовать их к производству на предприятиях общественного питания при разработке мучных кондитерских изделий диетической профилактической направленности пониженной калорийности. The quality indicators of the finishing semi-finished products developed on the basis of the recipe of the cream «Charlott» with the addition of cocoa powder and without it for flour confectionery products of reduced caloric for dietary prophylactic purposes were investigated. The reduced caloric of finishing semi-finished products is due to the replacement of butter in the recipe of the cream «Charlott» with cream of 33% fat content. It is established that the investigated organoleptic indicators – appearance, color, smell, structure and taste of the developed finishing semi-finished products correspond to this type of products and differ insignificantly from similar indicators of the «Charlott» cream prepared according to the standard technology. According to microbiological indicators, the developed finishing semi-finished product after storage for 24 hours at a temperature of 4°Cmet the requirements of TR CU 021/2011. The shelf life of the developed low-calorie cream is set – for 24 hours at a temperature of 2 to 6°C. The cost of a unit of low-calorie products with the addition of cocoa powder and without it, respectively, by 50,4 rubles and by 37,4 rubles lower than the same indicator of products manufactured using standard technology. The profitability of the developed products increased by 20% and amounted to 60%, which indicates a positive economic effect from the introduction of low-calorie finishing semi-finished products into the production. The results of studies of quality indicators and industrial testing of finishing semi-finished products of reduced caloric allow us to recommend them for production at public catering enterprises when developing flour confectionery products of a dietary preventive orientation of reduced caloric.

The features of classification in hydrocyclones in the course of titanium magnetite ore grinding

Research aim is to assess the use of hydrocyclones in the closed circuit of the second stage of grinding for the conditions of EVRAZ KGOK dressing mill. Methodology. Industrial tests were carried out under various solid phase capacities of two hydrocyclones GTs-710. Industrial testing results and their discussion. Increase in the content of solid and –71 µm class in the feed of the hydrocyclone results in discharge output increase. Decrease in the content of solid and increase in the content of –71 µm class result in the increased content of –71 µm class in the discharge. When increasing the content of solid in the feed of the hydrocyclone, the extraction of all size classes into the discharge of the hydrocyclone increases. At the same time the efficiency of classification by –71 µm class reduces. 84 "Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal". No. 1. 2021 ISSN 0536-1028 Iron content values in hydrocyclone discharge and sand. The classifying hydrocyclone partially separates by density resulting in different content values of iron in discharge and sand. Under pulp high density, the content of iron in the discharge is higher than that of iron in sand. Under low density of feed pulp, there is less iron in the discharge, compared to that in sand; that is due to small particles of titanium magnetite entering the sand. Summary. The indicators of separation by size in hydrocyclone are significantly affected by the content of solid and –71 µm class in the feed. The drawback of the hydrocyclone is partial separation by density (in iron) which results in overgrinding of titanium magnetite in the closed circuit of grinding and higher losses in subsequent procedures of wet magnetic separation. The technologies which make it possible to reduce overgrinding of titanium magnetite in the closed circuit of grinding are as follows: automatic control system for classification in the hydrocyclone, the use of hydraulic screens instead of hydrocyclones, and multi-stage dressing.

PUNCHING CUPS WITH BOTTOM FLANGE BY DIRECT EXTRUSION WITH COUNTER-PUNCH. INDUSTRIAL TESTING AND ITS RESULTS

The results of industrial testing of a new method of manufacturing glasses with a flange in the bottom part by direct extrusion with a counter-punch are presented. The characteristics of the tools used, the geometrical parameters of the stamping, and also the lubrication are described in detail. A method for eliminating the meniscus of the end face of the extruded glass wall is described. The results of practical studies of the strength properties and hardness of billets and obtained products are presented. Additionally, the high accuracy of the obtained calculation formulas is confirmed.