Variant Abductor Pollicis Longus Muscle: a Case Report

Abductor pollicis longus (APL) muscle is known to exhibit different variations with respect to its attachments. Various studies have reported the splitting of the APL muscle. Comparative anatomical findings of split insertion of APL is commonly found in chimpanzees, gorillas and gibbons. In the present study, we describe an anomalous APL muscle, which originated from the posterior surface of the shaft of the radius and ulna and traversed a course deep to the extensor retinaculum. Interestingly, immediately after emerging form the deeper aspect of extensor retinaculum, the thin tendon of the APL muscle continued again as a muscular belly in relation to the dorsolateral part of the 1st metacarpal bone, to end as a tendon with its attachment to the base of the proximal phalanx. Such an unusual variation of APL with its attachment into proximal phalanx is a rare finding and may be of importance in altering the mechanics of the thumb during abduction. The clinical significance of such an anatomical variation of APL may be important during reconstructive surgeries involving thumb and also of academic interest.

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Flexor Digitorum Longus Muscle — an Unusual Presentation; Anatomy and Clinical Significance, A case report

IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences ◽

10.9790/0853-0510103 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 1-3 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dr. Renu Gupta Dr. Renu Gupta

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Clinical Significance ◽

Unusual Presentation ◽

Flexor Digitorum Longus ◽

Longus Muscle ◽

Flexor Digitorum

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Variation of abductor pollicis longus tendons in cadavers

International Journal of Research in Orthopaedics ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4510.intjresorthop20181256 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 417

Author(s):

R. K. Jain ◽

Nihit Mantri ◽

P. Mandlecha

Keyword(s):

Treatment Failure ◽

Indian Population ◽

Incidental Finding ◽

Metacarpal Bone ◽

Extensor Retinaculum ◽

Abductor Pollicis Longus ◽

Muscle Insertion ◽

First Extensor Compartment ◽

Stenosing Tenosynovitis ◽

Extensor Compartment

Background: First extensor compartment of the wrist comprises of abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis. It helps in movement and stabilization of thumb. Variations in the number of tendons of APL muscle may be asymptomatic and often incidental finding. Stenosing tenosynovitis of the first dorsal compartment of the wrist or de Quervains disease is a commonly encountered debilitating condition of the wrist.Methods: This cadaveric study was done on 40 forearms in 20 cadavers available in Department of anatomy and forensic medicine at our institute. The muscles of extensor compartments were dissected, extensor retinaculum split over first extensor compartment, tendons of APL exposed. Study period from February-2017 to February-2018.Results: There were 6 female and 14 male cadavers. The APL muscle was found with a single tendon in 2, double in 30, triple in 8. There were variations in the insertion of the APL tendon as well. In all hands, the APL tendon had insertion into the first metacarpal bone and in 20 hands (50%), it had second insertion into the trapezium.Conclusions: Variation of APL muscle insertion in the Indian population and two or more tendinous slips attached commonly to the first metacarpal base and the trapezium may be the cause of treatment failure in DQT and cause of Trapeziometacarpal arthritis. Further studies needs to be done for further evaluation.

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MULTIPLE TENDONS OF THE ABDUCTOR POLLICIS LONGUS MUSCLE: A CASE REPORT

Hand Surgery ◽

10.1142/s0218810402001023 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 07 (02) ◽

pp. 289-291 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Mithat Akan ◽

Kaan Gideroğlu ◽

Baris Çakir

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Hand Surgery ◽

Abductor Pollicis Longus ◽

Longus Muscle

In the case presented below, we observed abductor pollicis longus (APL) dividing into five sections shortly after exiting the first compartment. Many variations of APL may be seen and it is essential to know these variations in the practice of hand surgery.

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VASCULAR PEDICLE LENGTH AUGMENTATION IN REVERSED FOREARM FLAP FOR DISTAL FINGER RECONSTRUCTION

Hand Surgery ◽

10.1142/s0218810496000063 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 01 (01) ◽

pp. 17-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Timothy Y.C. So

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Young Patient ◽

Special Care ◽

Vascular Pedicle ◽

Extensor Retinaculum ◽

Forearm Flap ◽

Abductor Pollicis Longus ◽

Technical Modification ◽

Pedicle Length ◽

Finger Reconstruction

This case report describes the successful reconstruction of double finger avulsion in a young patient by innervated reversed forearm flap. The flap was designed and raised with special care to provide a very long vascular pedicle without kinking. Release of the first compartment of the extensor retinaculum facilitated passage of the large flap under the extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus tendons. Such a manoeuvre also allowed dissection at the anatomical snuffbox to further augment the pedicle length. By such technical modification, the reversed forearm flap can reach distal finger defects much easier.

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Anatomical Variation of a Communicating Branch between the Musculocutaneous and the Median Nerve: A Case Report

Acta Medica Academica ◽

10.5644/ama2006-124.286 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 71

Author(s):

Dimosthenis Chrysikos ◽

Andreas Athanasopoulos ◽

Panagiotis Georgakopoulos ◽

Ioannis Antonopoulos ◽

Alexandros Samolis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Brachial Plexus ◽

Clinical Significance ◽

Anatomical Variation ◽

Anatomical Variations ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Minimal Invasive ◽

Musculocutaneous Nerve ◽

Communicating Branch ◽

Male Cadaver

Objective. The aim of our paper is to depict an anatomical variation of the brachial plexus, concerning a communicating branch between the median and the musculocutaneous nerve and its clinical significance. Anatomical variations of the brachial plexus and especially those of the musculocutaneous nerve are quite common. Awareness of these variations is of paramount importance in clinical practice, mainly in achieving best results in minimal invasive or surgical procedures.Case Report. After dissection in upper extremities in a 89-year-old male cadaver, a communicating branch between the median and the musculocutaneous nerve was found. This communicating branch was formed before the musculocutaneous nerve perforated the coracobrachialis muscle. It also derived from the level of the ansa medianis and its course was of an approximately 2cm length.Conclusion. The clinical significance of our study is the entrapment of the musculocutaneous nerve that may cause clinical findings similar to those of the carpal tunnel syndrome.

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