Issues and Future Tasks in the Studies on Nominative Case Markers of Middle Korean and Modern Korean

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 7-32
Author(s):  
Hyunju Kim ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nominative Case ◽  
Case Markers ◽  
Middle Korean

scholarly journals General location across languages: On the division of labour between functional and lexical items in spatial categories

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco-Alessio Ursini
Keyword(s):  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Spatial Terms ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
Case Markers ◽  
At Home

AbstractIn many languages, it is possible to describe the location of any entity with respect to a landmark object without specifying the exact place that the locatum occupies (e.g. English at in at home). Such vocabulary items usually contrast with items that belong to the same categories but have more restricted senses (e.g. on top of in on top of the shelf). Thus, the degree of “abstractness” that such spatial case markers can convey usually depends on the organization of the lexicon and grammar of spatial terms in each language. The goal of this paper is to explore these properties across a small sample of languages and offer an account of this variation that is connected to previous theories of spatial case markers (e.g. adpositions). Our key proposal is that the morpho-syntactic structure of spatial case markers and their phrases can license a clear division of labour between functional and lexical spatial senses. However, intermediate solutions blurring categories and semantic boundaries are shown to be possible. We formalize this proposal via a fragment of Lexical Syntax, and show that degrees of distinction between ‘functional’ and ‘lexical’ sense types and categories can be modelled via a unified account.

scholarly journals Introduction: Shades of partitivity: Formal and areal properties

Linguistics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-619
Author(s):  
Tabea Ihsane ◽  
Elisabeth Stark
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
Formal Description ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Case Markers

AbstractAt the heart of this special issue are partitive elements (i. e., partitive articles, partitive pronouns, and partitive case markers) which can express different “shades” of partitivity, namely true partitivity, pseudopartitivity, or indefiniteness, that is, the absence of a part-whole relation in the meaning, in contrast to (pseudo)partitivity. Since these partitive elements express (at least) two such notions, as they can be truly partitive but often are not, the questions around partitivity are complex, interrelated and challenging. This special issue, with a strong and wide crosslinguistic (typological) coverage, deals with two overarching topics: first, the geographical distribution of partitive elements and the identification of potential instances of language contact, and, second, sometimes in combination with the first topic, the formal description and explanation of different partitive constructions.

scholarly journals Role-reference associations and the explanation of argument coding splits

Linguistics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-174
Author(s):  
Martin Haspelmath
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
General Level ◽  
Full Generality ◽  
Coding Efficiency ◽  
Object Marking ◽  
Case Markers ◽  
Ditransitive Constructions

Abstract Argument coding splits such as differential (= split) object marking and split ergative marking have long been known to be universal tendencies, but the generalizations have not been formulated in their full generality before. In particular, ditransitive constructions have rarely been taken into account, and scenario splits have often been treated separately. Here I argue that all these patterns can be understood in terms of the usual association of role rank (highly ranked A and R, low-ranked P and T) and referential prominence (locuphoric person, animacy, definiteness, etc.). At the most general level, the role-reference association universal says that deviations from usual associations of role rank and referential prominence tend to be coded by longer grammatical forms. In other words, A and R tend to be referentially prominent in language use, while P and T are less prominent, and when less usual associations need to be expressed, languages often require special coding by means of additional flags (case-markers and adpositions) or additional verbal voice coding (e.g., inverse or passive markers). I argue that role-reference associations are an instance of the even more general pattern of form-frequency correspondences, and that the resulting coding asymmetries can all be explained by frequency-based predictability and coding efficiency.

Verb and nominative case

1855 ◽  
Vol s1-XII (304) ◽  
pp. 153-153
Author(s):  
W. B. C.
Keyword(s):  
Nominative Case
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