Commentary on Catts: How to characterize continuity between preschool language disorders and reading disorders at school age

Author(s):  
Dorothy M. Aram
2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Rapin ◽  
Michelle A. Dunn ◽  
Doris A. Allen ◽  
Michael C. Stevens ◽  
Deborah Fein

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Costanza-Smith

Abstract Speech-language pathologists typically use standardized assessments to diagnose language disorders. Although standardized tests are important in diagnosing school-age language disorders, the use of language sample analysis should not be ignored. This article summarizes the benefits of language sample analysis and introduces considerations for collecting and analyzing language samples.


1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Campbell ◽  
Chris Dollaghan ◽  
Herbert Needleman ◽  
Janine Janosky

One potential solution to the problem of eliminating bias in language assessment is to identify valid measures that are not affected by subjects' prior knowledge or experience. In this study, 156 randomly selected school-age boys (31% majority; 69% minority) participated in three “processing-dependent” language measures, designed to minimize the contributions of prior knowledge on performance, and one traditional “knowledge-dependent” language test. As expected, minority subjects obtained significantly lower scores than majority participants on the knowledge-dependent test, but the groups did not differ on any of the processingdependent measures. These results suggest that processing-dependent measures hold considerable promise for distinguishing between children with language disorders, whose poor language performance reflects fundamental psycholinguistic deficits, and children with language differences attributable to differing experiential backgrounds.


1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 1064-1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie J. Masterson ◽  
Alan G. Kamhi

Factors influencing the occurrence of trade-off effects among linguistic components were examined. Several linguistic measures were used to represent syntactic and phonological production in order to determine whether interrelationship patterns would vary across measures. Linguistic interactions present in imitated speech were compared to those from spontaneous speech. Group effects were explored by comparing data from children with language-learning disabilities, children with reading disabilities, and normally developing children. Results indicated trade-offs between some linguistic measures and positive relationships among others. More trade-offs were present in imitated speech than in spontaneous utterances. In general, interrelationship patterns were similar across groups. Interpretation of these results in reference to current models of sentence production is offered.


2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-111
Author(s):  
Hannah Harvey ◽  
Sarah Spencer

Language units are specialist educational settings that provide integrated speech and language therapy and curriculum delivery for children with severe language disorders within mainstream schools. This study presents an account of a preschool language unit (PLU) from the perspectives of children with language disorders currently in attendance, their parents, and teaching staff. Six child-led, multi-modal interviews, six parent questionnaires, and interviews with three members of staff were analysed using Framework Analysis (Ritchie et al., 2003). Results showed that staff and parents perceive that attending the PLU positively impacts the children, but raised concerns that accessing PLUs can be difficult due to number restrictions. Children valued play and friendships within the PLU, while parents valued the PLU’s role in supporting communication and socialization. This study offers a unique account of how a PLU supports children with language disorders from the perspectives of children, parents and staff.


1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara A. Lewis ◽  
Becky O’Donnell ◽  
Lisa A. Freebairn ◽  
H. Gerry Taylor

Children with histories of early phonology disorders were assessed at school age for both spoken language and written expression skills. Results showed that children with a history of a phonology disorder performed more poorly on writing tasks than siblings developing normally. Children with histories of phonology disorders + additional language disorders performed more poorly on writing tasks than children with histories of phonology disorders alone. Spoken language abilities, as measured by the CELF-R, best predicted written expression skills for both groups of children with phonology disorders. However, measures of the semantic and syntactic capacity of spoken language abilities did not correlate with corresponding aspects of written expression.


2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-638
Author(s):  
Rohár Alexandra ◽  
Dr. Marton Klára

CélkitűzésJelen tanulmány célja, hogy bemutassa a kognitív kontrollal kapcsolatos elméleti koncepciókat, kiemelve azokat a fő komponenseket, amelyek szoros összefüggést mutatnak a nyelvi folyamatokkal. Rámutatunk többek között arra, hogy a nyelvi kompetencia és performancia egyes faktorai milyen összefüggést mutatnak a kognitív kontroll funkciókkal.MódszerTanulmányunkban egynyelvű nyelvfejlődési zavart mutató és tipikusan fejlődő kétnyelvű gyermekek kognitív kontroll teljesítményét elemezzük a legújabb kutatási eredmények alapján. Az áttekintésbe bevont tanulmányok kiválasztása során a következő szempontokat vettük fi gyelembe: a célcsoportot iskoláskorú, egynyelvű nyelvfejlődési zavart mutató gyermekek vagy iskoláskorú, tipikus fejlődésű kétnyelvű gyermekek alkossák; a használt vizsgálóeljárások a válaszgátlás, az interferenciával szembeni ellenállás, a munkamemória-frissítés és a kognitív fl exibilitás fejlettségéről nyújtsanak információkat.EredményekÖsszességében elmondható, hogy a két vizsgált csoport heterogenitásának és az eltérő módszertani megközelítéseknek köszönhetően a szakirodalomban számos ellentmondással találkozhatunk. Mégis az általunk vizsgált kognitív kontroll funkciók tekintetében az a tendencia fi gyelhető meg, hogy míg az interferenciával szembeni ellenállás, a munkamemória-frissítés és a kognitív fl exibilitás gyengébb a nyelvfejlődési zavart mutató gyermekeknél egynyelvű, tipikusan fejlődő társaikhoz képest, addig a kétnyelvű gyermekek ezekben a funkciókban többnyire jobb teljesítményt nyújtanak az egynyelvűekhez viszonyítva, kivéve a válaszgátlást.KövetkeztetésekAz eredmények alapján elmondható, hogy az interferenciával szembeni ellenállás és a kognitív fl exibilitás szorosabb összefüggést mutat a nyelvi fejlettséggel, mint a válaszgátlás. Ez az interakció azonban eltérő irányt mutat a fenti két nyelvi csoportban. Míg a nyelvfejlődési zavart mutató gyermekek gyengébb kognitív kontroll teljesítménye hozzájárul az alacsonyabb szintű nyelvi teljesítményeikhez, addig a kétnyelvű gyermekek előnye e kognitív funkciók terén a speciális nyelvhasználati szokásoknak és a két nyelv közötti folyamatos versengésnek köszönhető.PurposeThe goal of this study is to present the theoretical conceptions related to cognitive control, highlighting those main components that show a close relationship with language processing. Further, our goal was to review these functions in two distinct language groups: children with developmental language disorders and typically developing bilingual children. Specifi cally, we were interested in the way certain factors of language competence and performance interact with the cognitive control functions.MethodWe compared the cognitive control functions between monolingual children with developmental language disorders and their typically developing peers, as well as between bilingual children and their monolingual peers. The following aspects were considered for our review: the target population - school-age monolingual children with developmental language disorders or school-age typically developing bilingual children; studies that employed tasks that measure response inhibition, resistance to interference, working memory updating and cognitive fl exibility.ResultsOverall, there are many confl icting results in the literature due to the heterogeneity of the groups and the differences across methodological approaches. Despite these inconsistencies, children’s cognitive control functions are highly associated with their language skills; while the children with developmental language disorders show defi cits in resistance to interference, working memory updating, and cognitive fl exibility compared to their typically developing peers, the bilingual children show superior performance in these functions compared to their monolingual peers. Response inhibition was the only function that did not differ across groups.ConclusionsBased on the above, language development shows a close relationship with a number of cognitive control functions. The interaction between cognitive control and language, however, indicates different directions in the two target groups. Whereas poor cognitive control in children with developmental language disorders may contribute to their lower level of language skills, the cognitive advantage of bilingual children is the result of their bilingual language use and practice across different social contexts.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document