Proof of the Zalcman conjecture for initial coefficients

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 663-681
Author(s):  
Samuel L. Krushkal
Keyword(s):  
Unit Disk ◽  
Univalent Functions ◽  
Conformal Metrics ◽  
Bieberbach Conjecture ◽  
Koebe Function

Abstract The well-known Zalcman conjecture, which implies the Bieberbach conjecture, states that the coefficients of univalent functions on the unit disk satisfy the inequality for all n > 2, with the equality only for the Koebe function. This conjecture remained open for n > 3. We provide here the proof of this inequality for n = 4, 5, 6. It relies on the holomorphic homotopy of univalent functions and comparison of generated singular conformal metrics in the disk. The extremality of Koebe's function follows from hyperbolic properties.

scholarly journals A note on successive coefficients of spirallike functions

Filomat ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 1199-1207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Li
Keyword(s):  
Unit Disk ◽  
Univalent Functions ◽  
Starlike Functions ◽  
Upper Bounds ◽  
Extremal Functions ◽  
Lower And Upper Bounds ◽  
Bieberbach Conjecture ◽  
Precise Form ◽  
Spirallike Functions ◽  
Class Of Functions

Even there were several facts to show that ||an+1(f)|-|an(f)|| ? 1 is not true for the whole class of normalised univalent functions in the unit disk with with the form f(z) = z + ??,k=2 akzk. In 1978, Leung[7] proved ||an+1(f)|-|an(f)|| is actually bounded by 1 for starlike functions and by this result it is easy to get the conclusion |an| ? n for starlike functions. Since ||an+1(f)|-|an(f)|| ? 1 implies the Bieberbach conjecture (now the de Brange theorem), so it is still interesting to investigate the bound of ||an+1(f)|-|an(f)|| for the class of spirallike functions as this class of functions is closely related to starlike functions. In this article we prove that this functional is bounded by 1 and equality occurs only for the starlike case. We are also able to give a precise form of extremal functions. Furthermore we also try to find the sharp bound of ||an+1(f)|-|an(f)|| for non-starlike spirallike functions. By using the Carath?odory-Toeplitz theorem, we obtain the sharp lower and upper bounds of |an+1(f)|-|an(f)| for n = 1 and n = 2. These results disprove the expected inequality ||an+1(f)|-|an(f)||? cos ? for ?-spirallike functions.

Radius problems for univalent functions

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
Janusz Sokół ◽  
Katarzyna Trabka-Wiȩcław
Keyword(s):  
Unit Disk ◽  
Univalent Functions ◽  
Radius Problems ◽  
Radius Of Convexity

AbstractThis paper considers the following problem: for what value r, {r<1} a function that is univalent in the unit disk {|z|<1} and convex in the disk {|z|<r} becomes starlike in {|z|<1}. The number r is called the radius of convexity sufficient for starlikeness in the class of univalent functions. Several related problems are also considered.

scholarly journals Coefficients of a Comprehensive Subclass of Meromorphic Bi-Univalent Functions Associated with the Faber Polynomial Expansion

Axioms ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Hari Mohan Srivastava ◽  
Ahmad Motamednezhad ◽  
Safa Salehian
Keyword(s):  
Unit Disk ◽  
Univalent Functions ◽  
Expansion Method ◽  
Upper Bounds ◽  
Polynomial Expansion ◽  
Open Unit ◽  
Open Unit Disk ◽  
Faber Polynomial ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Polynomial Expansion Method

In this paper, we introduce a new comprehensive subclass ΣB(λ,μ,β) of meromorphic bi-univalent functions in the open unit disk U. We also find the upper bounds for the initial Taylor-Maclaurin coefficients |b0|, |b1| and |b2| for functions in this comprehensive subclass. Moreover, we obtain estimates for the general coefficients |bn|(n≧1) for functions in the subclass ΣB(λ,μ,β) by making use of the Faber polynomial expansion method. The results presented in this paper would generalize and improve several recent works on the subject.

scholarly journals The second Hankel determinant for strongly convex and Ozaki close-to-convex functions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Jae Sim ◽  
Adam Lecko ◽  
Derek K. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Unit Disk ◽  
Convex Functions ◽  
Univalent Functions ◽  
Inverse Function ◽  
Invariance Property ◽  
Hankel Determinant ◽  
Sharp Bounds ◽  
Strongly Convex Functions ◽  
Strongly Convex ◽  
Second Hankel Determinant

AbstractLet f be analytic in the unit disk $${\mathbb {D}}=\{z\in {\mathbb {C}}:|z|<1 \}$$ D = { z ∈ C : | z | < 1 } , and $${{\mathcal {S}}}$$ S be the subclass of normalized univalent functions given by $$f(z)=z+\sum _{n=2}^{\infty }a_n z^n$$ f ( z ) = z + ∑ n = 2 ∞ a n z n for $$z\in {\mathbb {D}}$$ z ∈ D . We give sharp bounds for the modulus of the second Hankel determinant $$ H_2(2)(f)=a_2a_4-a_3^2$$ H 2 ( 2 ) ( f ) = a 2 a 4 - a 3 2 for the subclass $$ {\mathcal F_{O}}(\lambda ,\beta )$$ F O ( λ , β ) of strongly Ozaki close-to-convex functions, where $$1/2\le \lambda \le 1$$ 1 / 2 ≤ λ ≤ 1 , and $$0<\beta \le 1$$ 0 < β ≤ 1 . Sharp bounds are also given for $$|H_2(2)(f^{-1})|$$ | H 2 ( 2 ) ( f - 1 ) | , where $$f^{-1}$$ f - 1 is the inverse function of f. The results settle an invariance property of $$|H_2(2)(f)|$$ | H 2 ( 2 ) ( f ) | and $$|H_2(2)(f^{-1})|$$ | H 2 ( 2 ) ( f - 1 ) | for strongly convex functions.

scholarly journals Second Hankel determinant for certain class of bi-univalent functions defined by Chebyshev polynomials

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 1950017
Author(s):  
H. Orhan ◽  
N. Magesh ◽  
V. K. Balaji
Keyword(s):  
Unit Disk ◽  
Upper Bound ◽  
Chebyshev Polynomials ◽  
Univalent Functions ◽  
Function Class ◽  
Open Unit ◽  
Open Unit Disk ◽  
Hankel Determinant ◽  
Second Hankel Determinant ◽  
Upper Bound Estimate

In this work, we obtain an upper bound estimate for the second Hankel determinant of a subclass [Formula: see text] of analytic bi-univalent function class [Formula: see text] which is associated with Chebyshev polynomials in the open unit disk.

scholarly journals On Some Subclasses of $m$-fold Symmetric Bi-univalent Functions associated with the Sakaguchi Type Functions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Ismaila O. Ibrahim ◽  
Timilehin G. Shaba ◽  
Amol B. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Unit Disk ◽  
Univalent Function ◽  
Univalent Functions ◽  
Function Class ◽  
Open Unit ◽  
Open Unit Disk

In the present investigation, we introduce the subclasses $\Lambda_{\Sigma_m}^{\rightthreetimes}(\sigma,\phi,\upsilon)$ and $\Lambda_{\Sigma_m}^{\rightthreetimes}(\sigma,\gamma,\upsilon)$ of $m$-fold symmetric bi-univalent function class $\Sigma_m$, which are associated with the Sakaguchi type of functions and defined in the open unit disk. Further, we obtain estimates on the initial coefficients $b_{m+1}$ and $b_{2m+1}$ for the functions of these subclasses and find out connections with some of the familiar classes.

scholarly journals The order of convexity for an integral operator

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
VIRGIL PESCAR ◽  
◽  
CONSTANTIN LUCIAN ALDEA ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Integral Operator ◽  
Unit Disk ◽  
Analytic Functions ◽  
Univalent Functions ◽  
Open Unit ◽  
Open Unit Disk ◽  
Order Of Convexity

In this paper we consider an integral operator for analytic functions in the open unit disk and we derive the order of convexity for this integral operator, on certain classes of univalent functions.

Coefficient Estimates for Certain Subclasses of m-Fold Symmetric Bi-univalent Functions Associated with Pseudo-Starlike Functions

2021 ◽  
pp. 209-223
Author(s):  
Timilehin G. Shaba ◽  
Amol B. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Unit Disk ◽  
Univalent Function ◽  
Univalent Functions ◽  
Starlike Functions ◽  
Function Class ◽  
Open Unit ◽  
Open Unit Disk ◽  
Coefficient Estimates

In the present investigation, we introduce the subclasses $\varLambda_{\Sigma}^{m}(\eta,\leftthreetimes,\phi)$ and $\varLambda_{\Sigma}^{m}(\eta,\leftthreetimes,\delta)$ of \textit{m}-fold symmetric bi-univalent function class $\Sigma_m$, which are associated with the pseudo-starlike functions and defined in the open unit disk $\mathbb{U}$. Moreover, we obtain estimates on the initial coefficients $|b_{m+1}|$ and $|b_{2m+1}|$ for the functions belong to these subclasses and identified correlations with some of the earlier known classes.

Behavior of Coefficients of Inverses of α-Spiral Functions

1986 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1329-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Libera ◽  
Eligiusz J. Złotkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Unit Disk ◽  
Series Expansion ◽  
Open Unit ◽  
Open Unit Disk ◽  
Maclaurin Series ◽  
Koebe Function ◽  
One To One ◽  
Image Position

If f(z) is univalent (regular and one-to-one) in the open unit disk Δ, Δ = {z ∊ C:│z│ < 1}, and has a Maclaurin series expansion of the form(1.1)then, as de Branges has shown, │ak│ = k, for k = 2, 3, … and the Koebe function.(1.1)serves to show that these bounds are the best ones possible (see [3]). The functions defined above are generally said to constitute the class .

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