Iatrogenic Bile Duct Injury. A Significant Surgical Problem. Assessment of Treatment Outcomes in the Department's Own Material

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Bobkiewicz ◽  
łukasz Krokowicz ◽  
Tomasz Banasiewicz ◽  
Tomasz Kościński ◽  
Maciej Borejsza-Wysocki ◽  
...  

AbstractIatrogenic bile duct injuries (BDI) are still a challenging diagnostic and therapeutic problem. With the introduction of the laparoscopic technique for the treatment of cholecystolithiasis, the incidence of iatrogenic BDI increased.was a retrospective analysis of 69 patients treated at the department due to iatrogenic BDI in the years 2004-2014.. In this paper, we presented the results of a retrospective analysis of 69 patients treated at the Department due to iatrogenic BDI in the years 2004-2014. The data were analysed in terms of age, sex, type of biliary injury, clinical symptoms, the type of repair surgery, the time between the primary surgery and the BDI management, postoperative complications and duration of hospital stay.. 82.6% of BDI occurred during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, 8.7% occurred during open cholecystectomy, whereas 6 cases of BDI resulted from surgeries conducted for other indications. In order to assess the degree of BDI, Bismuth and Neuhaus classifications were used (for open and laparoscopic cholecystectomy respectively). 84.1% of patients with confirmed BDI, were transferred to the Department from other hospitals. The average time between the primary surgery and reoperation was 6.2 days (SD 4). The most common clinical symptom was biliary fistula observed in 78.3% of patients. In 28 patients, unsuccessful attempts to manage BDI were made prior to the admission to the Department in other centres. The repair procedure was mainly conducted by laparotomy (82.6%) and by the endoscopic approach (15.9%). Hepaticojejunostomy was the most common type of reconstruction following BDI (34.7%).. The increase in the rate of iatrogenic bile duct injury remains a challenging surgical problem. The management of BDI should be multidisciplinary treatment. Referring patients with both suspected and confirmed iatrogenic BDI to tertiary centres allows more effective treatment to be implemented.

HPB Surgery ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitin Babel ◽  
Sujit V. Sakpal ◽  
Prakash Paragi ◽  
Jason Wellen ◽  
Stephen Feldman ◽  
...  

Although laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has been widely accepted as the standard of care, it continues to have a higher complication rate than open cholecystectomy. Bile duct injury with LC has often been attributed to surgical inexperience, but it is also clear that aberrant bile ducts are present in a significant number of patients who sustain biliary injuries during these procedures. We present three cases of right sectoral hepatic duct injuries which occurred during LC and provide a discussion of the conditions which are likely to lead to these injuries, as part of a strategy to prevent them.


2021 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 037-043
Author(s):  
Vinoth M. ◽  
Abhijit Joshi

Abstract​ Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures worldwide. Iatrogenic bile duct injury (IBDI) is a serious complication of LC and has an incidence of 0.3 to 0.7%. Since it is associated with a significant and potentially lifelong morbidity as well as mortality, diagnosing IBDI as early as possible is of paramount importance. Management of bile duct injuries and prognosis of their surgical repair depend on the timing of its recognition, type and the extent of the injury. In this paper, we present a case of IBDI and attempt to discuss all its dimensions.


2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (8) ◽  
pp. 981-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gokulakkrishna Subhas ◽  
Aditya Gupta ◽  
Jasneet Bhullar ◽  
Linda Dubay ◽  
Lorenzo Ferguson ◽  
...  

For the experienced surgeon, the average operative time for a laparoscopic cholecystectomy is less than 1 hour. There has been no study documenting the causes and results of prolonged (longer than 3 hours) surgery. A retrospective study was done of patients who underwent cholecystectomy between January 2003 and December 2007. A total of 3126 cholecystectomies were done. After excluding patients who had a planned open cholecystectomy and patients who had additional laparoscopic surgeries, we identified 70 patients who had a planned laparoscopic cholecystectomy with operative time exceeding 3 hours. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression was performed analyzing the various factors leading to prolonged surgery. Of the 70 patients, ranging in age from 21 to 92 years (mean, 57 years), most (n = 53) were female. Operative time ranged from 3 hours to 6 hours 40 minutes (mean, 3 hours 37 minutes). Emergency:elective admission ratio was 9:5 and acute cholecystitis (n = 40) was the most common indication. Common characteristics were obesity (n = 44, P = 0.031), intraabdominal adhesions (n = 43, P = 0.004), and previous abdominal surgeries (n = 40, P = 0.002). Intraoperative complications included spillage of stones (n = 6), bile duct injury (n = 3), and bleeding (n = 3). The possibility of prolonged laparoscopic cholecystectomy should be anticipated in patients with obesity and previous abdominal operations. Prolonged surgery increases the risk of complications (bile duct injury, bleeding) and prolongs the postoperative hospital stay.


2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Donatas Venskutonis ◽  
Linas Urbanavičius ◽  
Juozas Juočas ◽  
Saulius Bradulskis ◽  
Virmantas Daubaras ◽  
...  

Donatas Venskutonis, Linas Urbanavičius, Juozas Juočas, Saulius Bradulskis, Virmantas Daubaras, Juozas KutkevičiusKauno medicinos universiteto Bendrosios chirurgijos klinika,VšĮ Kauno II klinikinė ligoninė, Josvainių g. 2, LT-47133 KaunasEl paštas: [email protected] Įvadas / tikslas Manoma, kad atliekant laparoskopinę cholecistektomiją ekstrahepatiniai tulžies latakai sužalojami dažniau nei atvirąją. Įvykus tulžies latakų sužalojimui, svarbu jį kuo skubiau diagnozuoti ir tinkamai gydyti. Siūlomos įvairios sužalojimų prevencijos priemonės. Šio darbo tikslas – išanalizuoti KMU Bendrosios chirurgijos klinikoje 1994–2006 metais laparoskopinės cholecistektomijos metu įvykusių ekstrahepatinių tulžies latakų jatrogeninių sužalojimų dažnį, priežastis, gydymo metodus, padarinius ir prevencijos priemones, apžvelgti literatūros duomenis. Ligoniai ir metodai Analizavome 1994–2006 m. KMU Bendrosios chirurgijos klinikoje (VšĮ II KKL) dėl tulžies latakų jatrogeninių sužalojimų, įvykusių laparoskopinės cholecistektomijos metu, gydytų pacientų ligos istorijas. Rezultatai Per minėtą laikotarpį atliktos 5396 laparoskopinės cholecistektomijos: 1681 (31,2%) pacientui – dėl ūminio ir 3715 (68,8%) – dėl lėtinio cholecistito. Po operacijos 7 ligoniai mirė. Vienas ligonis mirė nuo bendrojo tulžies latako sužalojimo ir pankreatito. Kitos mirties priežastys: trims ligoniams buvo plaučių arterijos embolija, vienam – dvylikapirštės žarnos perforacija ir peritonitas, dviem – gangreninis cholecistitas ir lokalus peritonitas. Bendras mirštamumas 0,13%. Ekstrahepatiniai tulžies latakai sužaloti 10 ligonių (0,19%). Vienas ligonis gydytas nuo tulžies latakų sužalojimo kitoje ligoninėje. Išvados Apibendrinus rezultatus galima tvirtinti, kad tulžies latakų sužalojimo ir mirties atvejai operuojant laparoskopiškai yra reti, o laparoskopinė cholecistektomija mūsų klinikoje – saugi operacija. Atvira cholecistektomija pranašesnė tik sunkiais, komplikuotais atvejais (neaiški anatomija, tulžies pūslės-žarnyno fistulės) ir nesant galimybės išgydyti tulžies latakų akmenligės endoskopiškai. Pagrindiniai žodžiai: cholecistitas, laparoskopinė cholecistektomija, ekstrahepatiniai tulžies latakai, sužalojimai Bile duct injuries during laparoscopic cholecystectomy donatas venskutonis, linas urbanavičius, juozas juočas, saulius bradulskis, virmantas daubaras, juozas kutkevičiusKaunas University of Medicine Clinic of General Surgery, Kaunas 2nd Clinical Hospital,Josvainių str. 2, LT-47133, Kaunas, LithuaniaE-mail: [email protected] Background / objective Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is associated with a higher risk of extrahepatic bile duct injuries. Timely diagnosis and proper management of bile duct injury are very important. Various preventive measures are widely discussed. Our aim was to analyze iatrogenic injuries of extrahepatic bile ducts sustained during laparoscopic cholecystectomy over the period 1994–2006 at the Clinic of General Surgery of Kaunas University of Medicine and to review the relevant pub-lished reports. Patients and methods Analysis of the case histories of patients treated for iatrogenic bile duct injuries sustained during laparoscopic cholecystectomy over the period 1994–2006 at the Clinic of General Surgery of Kaunas University of Medicine (2nd Clinical Hospital), Lithuania. Results During the period 1994–2006, 5396 patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis (n = 1681, 31.2%) and chronic gallstone disease (n = 3715, 68.8%). Seven patients died after surgery: one patient died of bile duct injury, 3 patients of pulmonary artery embolism; there were one case of duodenum perforation and diffuse peritonitis, one case of severe acute pancreatitis, and 2 cases of gangrenous cholecystitis with peritonitis. The overall mortality rate was 0.13%. Iatrogenic bile duct injury occurred in 10 cases (0.19%). One patient was referred from another hospital and was treated for a iatrogenic bile duct injury. Conclusions The incidence of bile duct injuries and the death rate were low. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed with acceptable safety in our clinic. Conventional cholecystectomy was preferred to laparoscopic cholecystectomy in difficult, complicated cases (unclear anatomy, biliary enteric fistulas) and in cases of unsuccessful endoscopic treatment of choledocholithiasis and obstructive jaundice. Keywords: cholecystitis, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, extrahepatic bile ducts, injuries


2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (10) ◽  
pp. 1024-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara H. Spence ◽  
Samuel Schwartz ◽  
Amy H. Kaji ◽  
David Plurad ◽  
Dennis Kim

Biliary tract disease remains a common indication for operative intervention. The incidence of concurrent biliary tract disease (>2 biliary tract disease processes) is unknown and the impact of more than one biliary tract diagnosis on outcomes remains to be defined. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of concurrent biliary tract disease on conversion rate and outcomes after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A 5-year retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed comparing those with a single biliary diagnosis to patients with concurrent biliary tract disease. Variables analyzed were conversion to open cholecystectomy, incidence of bile duct injury, use of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and/or intraoperative cholangiogram, length of surgery, and duration of hospitalization. The incidence of concurrent biliary tract disease was 9 per cent and a conversion to open cholecystectomy was performed in 16 per cent of patients. After adjusting for confounding factors, concurrent biliary tract disease was predictive of conversion (odds ratio 1.6, 95% confidence interval 1.1–2.3, P = 0.03) and bile duct injury (odds ratio 2.5, 95% confidence interval 0.8–5, P = 0.01). Concurrent biliary tract disease patients were more likely to undergo intraoperative cholangiogram or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, as well as longer operation and length of stay.


2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ibrahim Khalil ◽  
Haridas Saha ◽  
Azmal Kader Chowdhury ◽  
Imarat Hossain ◽  
AZM Mostaque Hossain

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the gold standard procedure for the gall stone diseases.Objective: This study aimed to assess the outcome of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) by determining the frequency of complications especially of bile duct injuries.Methodology: This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of surgery at Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The case files of all patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) from the year of 2013 to 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The data were collected according to outcome measures, such as bile duct injury, morbidity, mortality and numbers of patients whose resections had to be converted from laparoscopic to open surgery.Results: During the three years a total number of 336 patients were underwent LC for chronic cholecystitis (CC) of which 22(6.5%) developed complications. Among those who developed complications, two patients had major bile duct injuries (0.4%); other 43(12.8%) patients had planned laparoscopic operations converted to open cholecystectomy intra-operatively. None of the patients in this study died as a result of LC.Conclusion: The two patients who had severe common bile duct injury in this study had major anatomical anomalies that were only recognized during surgery.Journal of Science Foundation 2017;15(1):14-19


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1700-1702
Author(s):  
Muhammad Khawar Shahzad ◽  
Tariq Ali Bangash ◽  
Amer Latif ◽  
Hussam Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Asif Naveed ◽  
...  

Objective: To describe the surgical management of complex bile duct injuries in a specialized hepatopancreatobiliary unit. Design of the Study: It was a retrospective study. Study Settings: This study was carried out at Department of Anaesthesia and Hepatobiliary Unit, Sheikh Zayed Hospital Lahore from August 2017 to August 2019. Material and Methods: This retrospective study includes 80 patients of bile duct injury who underwent surgical correction of bile duct injury at specialized Hepatopancreatobiliary [HPB] and liver transplant department of Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore. All the subjects were evaluated by retrospectively. The information regarding primary operative procedure, drain placement, T-tube placement, presentation, hospital stay, Liver Function Tests [LFTs], level of biliary tract injury and type of surgical procedure obtained from patients records. Results of the Study: During the study period 80 patients – 65 females and 15 male were operated for bile duct injury. Mean age was 39.89 years range 21 to 65 years. Hospital stay ranges from 9 to 36 days with mean of 16.18 days. Patients underwent open cholecystectomy, 43.8% laparoscopic cholecystectomy and in 3 patients procedure was converted from laparoscopic to open. 52.5% patients underwent open cholecystectomy, 43.8 laparoscopic cholecystectomy and in 3 patient’s procedure was converted from laparoscopic to open. Conclusion: It is concluded that the correct long lasting and physiological method to treat injuries of bile duct is only surgical repair. Although, surgical repair of bile duct must be operated by skilled hepatopancreaticobiliary surgeons. A practical method which is selected appropriately and implemented successfully has surely improved surgical outcome without any problem faced during the operation. Keywords: Hepatopancreatobiliary, Bile Duct Injury, Surgical Management


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