An Anomalous Isotope Effect of 235U in U(IV)-U(VI) Chemical Exchange

1989 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 395-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Fujii ◽  
M. Nomura ◽  
M. Okamoto ◽  
H. Onitsuka ◽  
F. Kawakami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Effect ◽  
Chemical Exchange ◽  
Mass Difference ◽  
Standard Theory ◽  
Present System ◽  
Uranium Enrichment ◽  
The One ◽  
Enrichment Process ◽  
Equilibrium Chemical ◽  
Isotopic Pair

The abundance ratios of 234U, 235U, 236U and 238U were determined by mass spectrometry on uranium samples obtained from a chromatographic uranium enrichment process based on the U(IV) - U(VI) chemical exchange reaction. According to standard theory, the elementary isotope effect in processes based on equilibrium chemical exchange is proportional to the mass difference of the isotopes. In the present work this has been confirmed for 234U, 236U and 238U. However, according to the observed data the fractionation between 234U and 235U is much smaller than the one between 235U and 236U in spite of the same mass difference in either isotopic pair. The anomaly of the fractionation is concluded to be due to the characteristics of 235U, which is the only odd mass number isotope in the present system.

ICT Aided Education for People's Empowerment

2011 ◽  
pp. 2449-2457
Author(s):  
Ashok Banerji ◽  
Saswata Basu
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Dissemination ◽  
Present System ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Knowledge Resources ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Printed Books ◽  
Awareness Information ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right

It is widely recognised that knowledge and education are the key factors that need attention to eradicate poverty. Yet the poorest sections of the community have the least access to conventional means of gaining knowledge and education. Thus we are witnessing a polarized world where on the one side we would find an “information elite” and on the other, the digitally illiterates or excluded. Such a position is very apparent from the world map of the Internet users (Zooknic, 2003). This paradox is common in the developing countries across the globe. The gap between population groups and accessibility to knowledge resources is widening as the awareness, information, as well as education and skill development efforts fail to reach the right target. The major reason for this lies with the present system of knowledge dissemination and not with knowledge resources. India, where literacy is still very low, cannot simply rely on printed books for effective education and knowledge dissemination.

scholarly journals The Role of Intergovernmental Finance in Achieving Diversity and Cohesion: The Case of Spain

10.1068/c0053 ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoni Castells
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Present System ◽  
Financing System ◽  
Autonomous Communities ◽  
Financial Measures ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
Complementary Role ◽  
The One ◽  
Democratic Constitution

The democratic Constitution of 1978 established a decentralised state in Spain. Since that year, the Autonomous Communities (the intermediate level of government) have strongly increased their role and currently represent around 25% – 30% of total public expenditure. Therefore, financing autonomous government has become a crucial issue with important financial and political consequences. The present system is based mostly on grants from central government, while tax revenues and fiscal accountability are weak. The financing system can play an important, albeit complementary, role in ensuring cohesion within a decentralised state. On the one hand, it can achieve a certain level of equalisation in providing public services all over the territory. On the other hand, it can allow all regions to obtain an appropriate level of self-government. However, it is important to stress that territorial cohesion requires as a precondition, a political consensus and the acceptance of a common project among the different regions. Financial problems can certainly become political problems, but political problems can rarely be solved through financial measures alone. Therefore, we should not demand of intergovernmental finances what they cannot do.

Cascade Design for Uranium Enrichment Employing Chemical Exchange and Solvent Extraction

1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1037-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. White ◽  
Fathurrachman ◽  
S. Assabumrungrat
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Chemical Exchange ◽  
Uranium Enrichment

Characterization of two hydroxytrichloropicolinic acids: application of the one-bond chlorine-isotope effect in13C NMR

2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 436-440
Author(s):  
Nicholas M. Irvine ◽  
David H. Cooper ◽  
Scott Thornburgh
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Effect ◽  
Chlorine Isotope ◽  
The One

Effect of changing pH upon the kinetic 13C-isotope effect in the decarboxylation of 4-methoxyanthranilic acid

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Dunn ◽  
John Buccini
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Isotope Effect ◽  
Aromatic Ring ◽  
Kinetic Isotope Effect ◽  
13C Isotope ◽  
Kinetic Isotope ◽  
The One

The 13C-carboxyl kinetic isotope effect on decarboxylation of 4-methoxyanthranilic acid has been determined in aqueous solutions of ionic strength 0.50 at 60 °C. The isotope effect, 100(k12/k13 −1), is found to be 4.2% at pH −0.3, 1.4% at pH 1.3, and zero at pH 4.0. This information makes it possible to decide between two mechanisms previously proposed in favor of the one in which both anion and neutral acid are protonated at carbon-1 of the aromatic ring but only the protonated anion decarboxylates.

scholarly journals FDM CLOUD BASED APPLICATION PERFORMANCE MONITORING SYSTEM OF THE CADETS WHILE ON BOARD SHIP TRAINING FOR THE PHILIPPINE MERCHANT MARINE ACADEMY IN SAN NARCISO ZAMBALES

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (04) ◽  
pp. 725-729
Author(s):  
Froilan D. Mobo
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Present System ◽  
Merchant Marine ◽  
Real Time System ◽  
Application Performance ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
System Composition ◽  
The One ◽  
Board Ship

The main thrust of the study is to develop a cloud-based application performance monitoring system of the cadets while on board ship training for the Philippine Merchant Marine Academy in San Narciso, Zambales which intended to serve as an alternative system that can be used by the target school in monitoring the performance of the cadets while on ship board and determine its effectiveness. The researcher has used the descriptive research method wherein the study is focused on the present situations. It involves the recording, description and the presentation of the present system, composition and phenomena. The Statement of the problem focused in obtaining the effectiveness of the proposed cloud based application in performance monitoring system of the cadets for the Philippine Merchant Marine Academy, San Narciso, Zambales. Findings showed that the Department of Shipboard Training needs a real time system that can monitor the cadets while on board ship training. Based on the conclusion of this study, the researcher recommends the development of the cloud based application which will monitor the performance of the cadets while on board ship training and lastly, the developed system was tested during the implementation and met no errors. Based on the findings, the number of respondents as group per course is in parallel to the ratio of the students currently enrolled at PMMA. Majority of the respondents for both the groups came from the existing Group whose ages range from 19-21 years old.As revealed, the majority of the respondents for both the groups are males from the Proposed Group. In the proposed system out of one hundred percent respondents, thirty or 93.5% cadets; while the officials are nine or 6.5% of the one hundred, from the total of thirty-nine respondents.

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