Calciumisotopenseparation mit Kryptanden als Komplexbildner / Separation of Calcium Isotopes with Cryptand Complexes

The calcium isotope separation in the liquid-liquid extraction system H2O/CHCl3 is investigated using [2.2.1] and [2.2.2] cryptands for complex formation as well as without complexing agent. An extraction procedure is used which allows the transfer of larger amounts of calcium into the CHCl3 phase although the high distribution coefficient favours calcium in the H2O phase. Without complexing agent in the extraction system, enrichment of the lighter calcium isotopes is already evident in the CHCl3 phase which is just the same as when using [2.2.1] cryptand. In the case of [2.2.2] cryptand as a complexing agent, the isotope separation is higher. The separation factor is calculated to be α = 1 + ε = 1.011 for 40Ca/ 48Ca without complexing agent or with [2.2.1] cryptand and α = 1.015 in the system with [2.2.2] cryptand. For 40Ca/44Ca the ε-value is smaller by nearly a factor of two. These separation factors are the highest which are determined in chemical systems for calcium isotopes

Download Full-text

Inversion der Calcium-Isotopenseparation an einem Ionenaustauscher durch Ver- änderung der LiCl-Elektrolytkonzentration / Inversion of the Calcium Isotope Separation at an Ion Exchanger Resin by Variation of the LiCl Electrolyte Concentration

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B ◽

10.1515/znb-1982-0621 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 37 (6) ◽

pp. 786-787 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Klaus G. Heumann ◽

H. Klöppel ◽

G. Sigl

Keyword(s):

Electrolyte Concentration ◽

Isotope Separation ◽

Electrolyte Solutions ◽

Solution Phase ◽

Complexing Agent ◽

Column Experiments ◽

Calcium Isotope ◽

Separation Effect ◽

Calcium Isotopes ◽

Inverse Effect

Abstract The calcium isotope separation at a strongly acidic exchanger resin as a function of the concentration of a LiCl solution is investigated in column experiments. Whereas an enrichment of the heavier calcium isotopes in the solution phase is found with a 3 M LiCl solution, an inverse effect is obtained with 8 M and 12 M LiCl solutions. The separation effect e for the 12 M solution is found to be the highest calcium enrichment in a system without a complexing agent. The results are compared with those for other electrolyte solutions and can be explained by the anion/cation interactions.

Download Full-text

An Automated Liquid-Liquid Extraction System Supervised by an Industrial Programmable Logic Controller

JALA Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation ◽

10.1016/s1535-5535(04)00115-7 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 53-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S Bostyn

Keyword(s):

Programmable Logic Controller ◽

Liquid Extraction ◽

Extraction System ◽

Programmable Logic ◽

Liquid Liquid Extraction

Download Full-text

Homogeneous Liquid-Liquid Extraction Method for Selective Separation and Preconcentration of Trace Amounts of Palladium

E-Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2009/564276 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 1077-1084 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Mohammad Reza Jamali ◽

Yaghoub Assadi ◽

Reyhaneh Rahnama Kozani ◽

Farzaneh Shemirani

Keyword(s):

Extraction Method ◽

Limit Of Detection ◽

Liquid Extraction ◽

Selective Separation ◽

Complexing Agent ◽

Homogeneous Liquid ◽

Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽

Relative Standard ◽

Separation And Preconcentration ◽

Ternary Component System

A simple and effective homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction method for selective separation, preconcentration and spectrophotometric determination of palladium(II) ion was developed by using a ternary component system (water / tetrabutylammonium ion (TBA+) / chloroform). The phase separation phenomenon occurred by an ion–pair formation of TBA+and perchlorate ion. Thio-Michler’s ketone (TMK), 4, 4ˊ-bis (dimethylamino) thiobenzophenone, was used as a complexing agent. After optimization of complexation and extraction conditions ([TMK]=5.0x10-2mol L-1, [TBA+] = 2.0×10-2mol L-1, [CHCl3] = 60.0 µL, [ClO4-] = 2.5×10-2mol L-1and pH= 3.0), a preconcentration factor 10 was obtained for 10 mL of sample. The analytical curve was linear in the range of 2-100 ng mL-1and the limit of detection was 0.4 ng mL-1. The relative standard deviation was 3.2% (n=10). Accuracy and application of the method was estimated by using test samples of natural and synthetic water spiked with different amounts of palladium(II) ion. The method is very simple and inexpensive.

Download Full-text

Ion Beam Measurement of Deuterium in Palladium and Calculation of Hydrogen Isotope Separation Factors

Journal of The Electrochemical Society ◽

10.1149/1.2086001 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 138 (8) ◽

pp. L26-L27 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

T. R. Guilinger ◽

M. J. Kelly ◽

J. A. Knapp ◽

D. S. Walsh ◽

B. L. Doyle

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Isotope ◽

Ion Beam ◽

Isotope Separation ◽

Separation Factors

Download Full-text

Improvements in Cd stable isotope analysis achieved through use of liquid–liquid extraction to remove organic residues from Cd separates obtained by extraction chromatography

Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry ◽

10.1039/c5ja00115c ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 319-327 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Katy Murphy ◽

Mark Rehkämper ◽

Katharina Kreissig ◽

Barry Coles ◽

Tina van de Flierdt

Keyword(s):

Isotope Analysis ◽

Extraction Procedure ◽

Isotopic Analysis ◽

Liquid Extraction ◽

Organic Residues ◽

Mass Fractionation ◽

Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽

Icp Ms ◽

Organic Resin ◽

Instrumental Mass Fractionation

During isotopic analysis of Cd by MC-ICP-MS, organic resin residue can perturb instrumental mass fractionation. These organic compounds can be removed by a liquid–liquid extraction procedure using heptane.

Download Full-text