Assessment of Selenium Food Chain Transfer and Critical Exposure Factors for Avian Wildlife Species: Need for Site-Specific Data

Author(s):  
WJ Adams ◽  
KV Brix ◽  
KA Cothern ◽  
LM Tear ◽  
RD Cardwell ◽  
...  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Georg Walte ◽  
Christine Schwake-Anduschus ◽  
Rolf Geisen ◽  
Jan Fritsche

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1335-1345 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Khan ◽  
J. A. Nicell

Once separated, the use of urine as fertilizer is a particular attractive proposition and can significantly mitigate the release of nutrients and pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) to the environment. In the current study, a simple methodological framework is proposed for assessing risks that are posed by the land application of urine, which contains PhACs, in terms of 6 selected environmental and human-health endpoints. In total, 25 commonly used PhACs were conservatively assessed using the proposed methodology and results indicated that 14 of them may pose a risk with respect to either eco-toxicological or human-health endpoints. The receiving terrestrial environment was identified as the most susceptible of the eco-toxicological endpoints and hazard to human-health was most significant through food-chain transfer. The results highlight the need to consider the potential impacts associated with pharmaceuticals and the need to pre-treat urine to address the presence of problematic PhACs before it is applied on land.


2004 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1667-1674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Wolkers ◽  
Bert van Bavel ◽  
Andrew E. Derocher ◽  
Øystein Wiig ◽  
Kit M. Kovacs ◽  
...  

2004 ◽  
Vol 271 ◽  
pp. 183-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
PS Rainbow ◽  
A Geffard ◽  
AY Jeantet ◽  
BD Smith ◽  
JC Amiard ◽  
...  

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