Repeatability of the Resilient Modulus Test Procedure

Author(s):  
RL Boudreau

Warm mix asphalt is an energy efficient mix that can be produced at lower temperature than the conventional hot mix asphalt, while maintaining the properties and performance required for the conventional hot mix asphalt. This paper presents a study in mix design of dense graded asphaltic concrete using a warm mix additive known as Cecabase RT. Type AC14 gradation for granite aggregates and bitumen of penetration type 60/70 were used for this study based on the Public Works Department of Malaysia’s Standard Specification for Road Works. The mixing temperature for the control sample AC14 mix without the additive was set at 160°C while for the mix using the Cecabase RT additive, the mixing temperature was set at 135°C. Marshall test procedure were then used to prepare the samples and volumetric properties were then evaluated to determine the optimum bitumen content. The optimum Cecabase RT additive content was then determined using samples prepared at the optimum bitumen content. The resilient modulus test was then carried out on the samples based on the repeated load indirect tensile test at temperatures of 25°C and 40°C at three different pulse repetition periods. From the analysis of the results, it was found that optimum bitumen content was at 4.9% while the optimum Cecabase RT additive content for the AC14 mix is 0.3%. The resilient modulus values obtained for the mix using Cecabase RT warm mix additive is higher than the control samples at both test temperatures and at all the pulse repetition period tested. It can be concluded that the use of Cecabase RT additive have the advantages of reducing the mixing temperature, thus producing a more energy efficient mix while improving the stiffness of the mix in terms of resilient modulus values, thus increasing a pavement load carrying capacity.


1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lutz F. Hornke

Summary: Item parameters for several hundreds of items were estimated based on empirical data from several thousands of subjects. The logistic one-parameter (1PL) and two-parameter (2PL) model estimates were evaluated. However, model fit showed that only a subset of items complied sufficiently, so that the remaining ones were assembled in well-fitting item banks. In several simulation studies 5000 simulated responses were generated in accordance with a computerized adaptive test procedure along with person parameters. A general reliability of .80 or a standard error of measurement of .44 was used as a stopping rule to end CAT testing. We also recorded how often each item was used by all simulees. Person-parameter estimates based on CAT correlated higher than .90 with true values simulated. For all 1PL fitting item banks most simulees used more than 20 items but less than 30 items to reach the pre-set level of measurement error. However, testing based on item banks that complied to the 2PL revealed that, on average, only 10 items were sufficient to end testing at the same measurement error level. Both clearly demonstrate the precision and economy of computerized adaptive testing. Empirical evaluations from everyday uses will show whether these trends will hold up in practice. If so, CAT will become possible and reasonable with some 150 well-calibrated 2PL items.


1981 ◽  
Vol 20 (03) ◽  
pp. 174-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Barnett ◽  
J. Cynthia ◽  
F. Jane ◽  
Nancy Gutensohn ◽  
B. Davies

A Bayesian model that provides probabilistic information about the spread of malignancy in a Hodgkin’s disease patient has been developed at the Tufts New England Medical Center. In assessing the model’s reliability, it seemed important to use it to make predictions about patients other than those relevant to its construction. The accuracy of these predictions could then be tested statistically. This paper describes such a test, based on 243 Hodgkin’s disease patients of known pathologic stage. The results obtained were supportive of the model, and the test procedure might interest those wishing to determine whether the imperfections that attend any attempt to make probabilistic forecasts have gravely damaged their accuracy.


1974 ◽  
Vol 32 (02/03) ◽  
pp. 483-491
Author(s):  
E. A Loeliger ◽  
M. J Boekhout-Mussert ◽  
L. P van Halem-Visser ◽  
J. D. E Habbema ◽  
H de Jonge

SummaryThe present study concerned the reproducibility of the so-called prothrombin time as assessed with a series of more commonly used modifications of the Quick’s onestage assay procedure, i.e. the British comparative reagent, homemade human brain thromboplastin, Simplastin, Simplastin A, and Thrombotest. All five procedures were tested manually on pooled lyophilized normal and patients’ plasmas. In addition, Simplastin A and Thrombotest were investigated semiautomatically on individual freshly prepared patients’ plasmas. From the results obtained, the following conclusions may be drawn :The reproducibility of results obtained with manual reading on lyophilized plasmas is satisfactory for all five test procedures. For Simplastin, the reproducibility of values in the range of insufficient anticoagulation is relatively low due to the low discrimination power of the test procedure in the near-normal range (so-called low sensitivity of rabbit brain thromboplastins). The reproducibility of Thrombotest excels as a consequence of its particularly easily discerned coagulation endpoint.The reproducibility of Thrombotest, when tested on freshly prepared plasmas using Schnitger’s semiautomatic coagulometer (a fibrinometer-liJce apparatus), is no longer superior to that of Simplastin A.The constant of proportionality between the coagulation times formed with Simplastin A and Thrombotest was estimated at 0.64.Reconstituted Thrombotest is stable for 24 hours when stored at 4° C, whereas reconstituted Simplastin A is not.The Simplastin A method and Thrombotest seem to be equally sensitive to “activation” of blood coagulation upon storage.


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