Exploring the Longitudinal Trajectories of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Injured Trauma Survivors

Psychiatry ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 386-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janyce E. Osenbach ◽  
Charles Lewis ◽  
Barry Rosenfeld ◽  
Joan Russo ◽  
Leah M. Ingraham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Trauma Survivors ◽  
Longitudinal Trajectories

scholarly journals Impaired Autobiographical Memory Flexibility in Iranian Trauma Survivors With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Piltan ◽  
Ali Reza Moradi ◽  
Mohammad Hassan Choobin ◽  
Parviz Azadfallah ◽  
Sara Eskandari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Emotional Disturbance ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Trauma Survivors ◽  
Community Control ◽  
Memory Specificity ◽  
Memory Flexibility

Reduced ability to retrieve specific autobiographical memories is a well-defined feature of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and science-driven interventions have emerged to improve memory specificity and thereby symptoms. However, research in depressed samples indicates that the ability to flexibly move between retrieval of specific and general memory types (i.e., memory flexibility) may more accurately conceptualize autobiographical memory deficits in emotional disturbance. In this study, we evaluated memory specificity and memory flexibility in Iranian trauma survivors ( N = 63) with and without PTSD relative to community control participants. Trauma-exposed participants had experienced a serious road-traffic accident. Results indicated that individuals with PTSD experienced reduced memory specificity and memory flexibility relative to trauma-exposed participants and community control participants. A small sample size limits the strength of conclusions, although good statistical power was obtained. Findings suggest that reduced memory flexibility may be a transdiagnostic marker of emotional disturbance and support further development of memory flexibility interventions for PTSD.

scholarly journals Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Autobiographical Memories in Everyday Life

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Schönfeld ◽  
Anke Ehlers
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Trauma Survivors ◽  
Autobiographical Memories ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Distinct Features ◽  
Ptsd Group

Evidence from self-reports and laboratory studies suggests that recall of nontrauma autobiographical memories may be disturbed in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but investigations in everyday life are sparse. This study investigated unintentional nontrauma and trauma memories in trauma survivors with and without PTSD ( N = 52), who kept an autobiographical memory diary for a week. We investigated whether unintentional nontrauma memories show an overgeneral memory bias and further memory abnormalities in people with PTSD, and whether unintentional trauma memories show distinct features. Compared to the no-PTSD group, the PTSD group recorded fewer nontrauma memories, which were more overgeneral, more often from before the trauma or related to the trauma, were perceived as distant, and led to greater dwelling. Trauma memories were more vivid, recurrent, and present and led to greater suppression and dwelling. Within the PTSD group, the same features distinguished trauma and nontrauma memories. Results are discussed regarding theories of autobiographical memory and PTSD.

Intrusive Thoughts in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherry A. Falsetti ◽  
Jeannine Monnier ◽  
Joanne L. Davis ◽  
Heidi S. Resnick
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Intrusive Thoughts ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Trauma Survivors ◽  
Multiple Channel ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Behavioral Treatments

This article reviews the literature on prevalence, associated features, assessment, and treatment of intrusive symptoms associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Research indicates that among trauma survivors, intrusive thoughts and imagery are quite common and distressing. It appears that early intrusions may be predictive of long-term distress and that avoidance and suppression can maintain intrusions. The treatment outcome literature for PTSD indicates that current cognitive behavioral treatments are effective in reducing intrusions. New data from a recent treatment outcome study for PTSD with comorbid panic attacks, using Multiple Channel Exposure Therapy, also suggest that this treatment is effective in significantly reducing intrusions.

Self-Triggering? An Exploration of Individuals Who Seek Reminders of Trauma

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 739-755
Author(s):  
Benjamin W. Bellet ◽  
Payton J. Jones ◽  
Richard J. McNally
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Trauma Survivors ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Empirical Inquiry ◽  
Clinical Literature ◽  
The Subject

Trauma survivors who self-trigger, or seek reminders of their traumatic events, have been noted in the clinical literature but have not yet been the subject of a systematic empirical inquiry. This article presents the results of two exploratory studies of self-triggering. In Study 1 ( N = 545), we estimated the behavior’s clinical relevance among trauma survivors. In Study 2 ( N = 360), we examined descriptive characteristics of self-triggering as well as potential motivations for the behavior. We found that self-triggering is uniquely associated with more severe symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder. Self-triggering takes place via a wide variety of methods and can become compulsive for many individuals. Reasons endorsed for self-triggering comprised several broad motives, but the desire to make meaning of one’s trauma was most predictive of self-triggering frequency. Limitations, clinical implications, and directions for further research are discussed.

Treatment Beliefs of Combat Trauma Survivors with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Karen Madrigal
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Catholic School ◽  
Combat Trauma ◽  
Trauma Survivors ◽  
Combat Veteran ◽  
Soccer Ball ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
The Church

Dressed in my Catholic school plaid skirt uniform with knee socks and penny loafers, Ben and I would kick around a soccer ball in the church parking lot that we referred to as the playground. Ben was a Vietnam combat veteran who worked at my school as a janitor. I was a girl who wasn't allowed to play kickball with the boys, and yet not enough of a girl to want to sit around and talk about makeup.

scholarly journals Screening and treating hospitalized trauma survivors for posttraumatic stress disorder and depression

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 440-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terri A. deRoon-Cassini ◽  
Joshua C. Hunt ◽  
Timothy J. Geier ◽  
Ann Marie Warren ◽  
Kenneth J. Ruggiero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Trauma Survivors
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