Hepatic microsomal enzyme activity in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and its clinical significance

ABSTRACT. Hepatic microsomal enzyme activity was investigated in 280 patients with diabetes mellitus. The oral antipyrine test was used as an in vivo index, and cytochrome P-450 content and arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase activity, determined from liver biopsies (80 subjects), were used as in vitro indices of the liver microsomal enzyme system. Indices of both in vivo and in vitro liver metabolism were decreased in patients with noninsulin dependent diabetes (NIDDM, type 2) as compared to subjects with insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM, type 1) and with age- and sex-matched controls. Drug-induced activation of hepatic enzyme system in type 2 patients having reduced microsomal enzyme activity resulted in improved drug metabolizing ability and also improved glucose utilization. In addition, a decrease of hepatic fat content and a change in serum lipid levels were observed. The function of the hepatocellular endoplasmic reticulum, as measured by microsomal enzyme activity, hence seems to be an important factor in the regulation of glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetics. Key words: Diabetes mellitus, microsomal enzyme activity, blood glucose, liver histology.

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Metabolic effects of vanadyl sulfate in humans with non—insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: In vivo and in vitro studies

Metabolism ◽

10.1016/s0026-0495(00)90418-9 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 400-410 ◽

Cited By ~ 114

Author(s):

Allison B. Goldfine ◽

Mary-Elizabeth Patti ◽

Lubna Zuberi ◽

Barry J. Goldstein ◽

Raeann LeBlanc ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽

In Vitro Studies ◽

Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽

Vanadyl Sulfate ◽

Metabolic Effects ◽

Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Insulin Dependent

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Glycaemic responses to cereal-based Indian food preparations in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and normal subjects

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114505000611 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 83 (5) ◽

pp. 483-488 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Asna Urooj ◽

Shashikala Puttaraj

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Glycaemic Index ◽

Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽

Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Insulin Dependent

The in vivo glycaemic responses to six cereal-based foods traditionally consumed in South India were evaluated in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and healthy volunteers. All foods contained 50 g carbohydrate and were compared with a 50 g glucose load. Also studied were the in vitro starch digestibility and nutrient composition of the foods. The postprandial responses to the foods at 30, 60 and 120 min were significantly (P < 0·05) lower than those to the reference glucose, in both groups. The peak glucose responses for three foods, i.e. chapatti, idli and poori, occurred 60 min postprandially in both groups. The glycaemic index (GI) values ranged from 67 to 90 in NIDDM and from 44 to 69 in healthy subjects with no significant differences within the groups. Significant relationships were observed between peak responses and area under the curve for foods in patients with NIDDM and in vitro rate of starch hydrolysis (r 0·83, r 0·85, P < 0·05). The GI values predicted using in vitro data were found to be similar to the GI values observed in patients with NIDDM. The GI concept is useful for identifying foods in the habitual Indian diet with attributes of the desired glycaemic effect such as delayed peak rise and low area under the curve.

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Platelet cNOS Activity Is Reduced in Patients with IDDM and NIDDM

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0037-1614937 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 79 (03) ◽

pp. 520-522 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Guido Bruno ◽

Fulvia Trucco ◽

Elena Zumpano ◽

Milena Tagliabue ◽

Cataldo Di Bisceglie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽

Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽

No Production ◽

Insulin Dependent

SummarySeveral studies in vitro and in vivo suggest that the nitric oxide (NO) production is impaired in diabetes mellitus. Reduced levels of NO could contribute to vascular alteration facilitating platelet-vascular wall interaction, adhesion of monocytes to endothelium, vascular smooth muscle proliferation and by decreasing endothelium-dependent vasodilation. In this study we evaluated the activity of the constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS) in platelets of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). When compared to that of normal subjects, cNOS activity is significantly lower in patients with IDDM and with NIDDM (1.57 ± 0.25 vs. 0.66 ± 0.10 fmol/min/10 9 PLTs and 1.57 ± 0.25 vs. 0.67 ± 0.08, respectively; p <0.005). These data demonstrate that the platelet cNOS activity is decreased in diabetes mellitus.

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