Child Sexual Abuse

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 236-249
Author(s):  
Kent P. Hymel ◽  
Carole Jenny
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Medical Interviewing ◽  
Medical Evaluation ◽  
High Knowledge ◽  
Std Screening ◽  
Physical Findings

Multiple obstacles can hinder the medical evaluation of suspected child sexual abuse in pediatric primary care. The need for diagnostic accuracy is high. Knowledge of sexual abuse risk factors, an understanding of the victimization process, and awareness of the varied clinical presentations of sexual abuse can be of assistance. Open-ended questioning of the suspected victim is the most critical component of the evaluation. Skillful medical interviewing requires time, training, patience, and practice. Pediatricians lacking any of these four requirements should defer interviewing in sexual abuse cases to other professionals. Abnormal physical findings from sexual abuse are uncommon. Colposcopy has assisted pediatricians greatly in reaching consensus regarding diagnostic physical findings. Cases of acute sexual assault require familiarity with the forensic rape examination, STD screening and prophylaxis, and pregnancy prevention. Victimization from sexual abuse continues long after the abusive acts end, often requiring long-term therapeutic intervention. An emerging standard of care for medical evaluations of suspected child sexual abuse recognizes the requirement for patience and compassion while retaining objectivity. The pediatrician's primary concern must be for the child's physical and emotional well-being.

The Effect of Child Sexual Abuse on Men

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick O’Leary ◽  
Scott D. Easton ◽  
Nick Gould
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Masculine Identity ◽  
Self Blame ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Male Specific ◽  
Gender Specific

Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a trauma that affects males in substantial numbers, sometimes in ways that are gender-specific (e.g., compromised masculine identity, confusion regarding sexuality). Much of the identification of the male-specific outcomes has been derived from practitioner experience and small qualitative studies. The current study explores gender-specific outcomes and describes the development of a scale to measure the effects of CSA on men. First, qualitative interviews with 20 men who were sexually abused in childhood were thematically analyzed. The emergent themes of sexuality, self-concept, psychological and emotional well-being, and social functioning were used to construct a 30-item instrument which was later completed by 147 men with histories of CSA. The dimensionality of the 30 items was then assessed for suitability as scales using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The final instrument, the Male Sexual Abuse Effects Scale (MSAES), combines three subscales: Negative Identity, Guilt and Self-Blame, and Psychological and Emotional Well-Being. Items concerning masculine identity were shown to be valid in the scale. MSAES scores were compared with the General Health Questionnaire–28 (GHQ-28) and found to be significantly correlated. GHQ-28 clinical thresholds were applied to differentiate clinical from nonclinical cases; an independent-samples t test showed that the clinical cases from the GHQ-28 had high scores on the MSAES. The new scale has the potential to help clinicians and researchers identify men who have been severely affected by CSA and who should be of clinical concern.

scholarly journals Use of Information Sources and Knowledge of Child Sexual Abuse in Ogun State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
New Media ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Communication Channels ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Use Of Information Sources

Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) constitutes a severe threat to the social well-being of not only children but extends to their families, societies. In response to the global challenge of reducing the growing effect of CSA, this study investigated the use of information sources on child sexual abuse in Ogun State. The study further tested two hypothesis to find out if communication channels for child sexual abuse education has no significant influence on the knowledge of the residents of Ogun State as well as Communication channels for child sexual abuse has no significant influence on the perception of residents of Ogun State. The study revealed that residents of Ogun state Nigeria depended on the internet as an information source for child sexual abuse. In addition, it was revealed that communication channels for child sexual abuse has significant influence on the knowledge and perception of the residents of Ogun State. Consequent upon these findings, the study recommends an urgent development of advocacy messages against CSA in form of edutainment, drama, songs that will fit the new media platform

Examination Findings in Legally Confirmed Child Sexual Abuse: It's Normal to be Normal

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce A. Adams ◽  
Katherine Harper ◽  
Sandra Knudson ◽  
Juliette Revilla
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Sexually Abused ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Case Files ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Physical Findings ◽  
Behavioral Information

Background. Studies of alleged victims of child sexual abuse vary greatly in the reported frequency of physical findings based on differences in definition of abuse and of "findings." This study was designed to determine the frequency of abnormal findings in a population of children with legal confirmation of sexual abuse, using a standardized classification system for colposcopic photographic findings. Methods. Case files and colposcopic photographs of 236 children with perpetrator conviction for sexual abuse, were reviewed. The photos were reviewed blindly by a team member other than the examiner, and specific anatomical findings were noted and classified as normal to abnormal on a scale of 1 to 5. Historical and behavioral information, as well as legal outcome was recorded, and all data entered into a dBase III program. Correlations were sought between abnormal findings and other variables. Results. The mean age of the patients was 9.0 years (range 8 months to 17 years, 11 months), with 63% reporting penile-genital contact. Genital examination findings in girls were normal in 28%, nonspecific in 49%, suspicious in 9%, and abnormal in 14% of cases. Abnormal anal findings were found in only 1% of patients. Using discriminant analysis, the two factors which significantly correlated with the presence of abnormal genital findings in girls were the time since the last incident, and a history of blood being reported at the time of the molest. Conclusions. Abnormal genital findings are not common in sexually abused girls, based on a standardized classification system. More emphasis should be placed on documenting the child's description of the molestation, and educating prosecutors that, for children alleging abuse: "It's normal to be normal."

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