Case Study on Comparison of the Results of Climate Change Prospect and Vulnerability Assessment and the Awareness of Those by Public Officials and Citizens at Yeongwol County

The cities of the Yangtze River Delta are densely populated with large amounts of wealth, for which reason they are faced with greater disaster risks brought by climate change. As a major research tool on climate change policies, vulnerability assessment provides reference for adaptive management. Based on literature review and case study, the paper first constructs the overall vulnerability assessment model for cities of the Yangtze River Delta by utilizing the indices of sensitivity and adaptability. Then, it assesses 16 typical cities of this region through factor analysis, an objective evaluation method, analyzes the driving factors of climate vulnerability in each city and conducts group comparisons according to their sensitivity and adaptability. Finally, it points out the importance of cities’ adaptability to climate change under multiple pressures of climate change, population growth and urbanization in the future, and gives some suggestions, such as strengthening risk assessment on climate change, including climate-proofing measures in urban development planning, protecting climatically vulnerable groups in cities, enhancing comprehensive capacities for disaster management in cities and encouraging the R&D and innovation on adaptation technologies.

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Comparison of Existing Equations for the Design of Crown Walls: Application to the Case Study of Ericeira Breakwater (Portugal)

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering ◽

10.3390/jmse9030285 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 285

Author(s):

Fábio Pereira ◽

Maria Neves ◽

José-Santos López-Gutiérrez ◽

María Esteban ◽

Vicente Negro

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Sea Level Rise ◽

Sea Level ◽

Main Tool ◽

The Other ◽

Original Design ◽

Safety Coefficient ◽

Wall Structures ◽

Comparison Of The Results

The correct calculation of forces and moments caused by wave action over crown wall structures is critical for their design. There are several existing equations for this, some of which are sanctioned in practice as it is the case for Jensen (1984) and Bradbury et al. (1998), Günback and Gökce (1984), Martin et al. (1999), Berenguer and Baonza (2006), and Pedersen (1996) and Nørgaard et al. (2013). These equations are the main tool for the design of breakwater crown walls and their accuracy is crucial to ensure the stability of the crown wall, especially when considering the sea level rise due to climate change and the possible damage of the armor, since both aspects are not usually considered in most original design studies. In a scenario of climate change, it is very important to estimate the possible changes in security factors due to both these aspects, comparing the results with the original design ones. This paper has as main objective to analyze it for the case study of Ericeira rubble mound breakwater in Portugal. For this, a comparison of the results using those equations and different scenarios including the current, considering sea level rise and armor damage, were performed to extract some conclusions: the increase in the sea level in the case study was not significant and therefore its incidence is very small; and the damage to the main armor by losing pieces at the berm is much more important in this case study, so it is essential to carry out the proper maintenance of the design section. On the other hand, horizontal forces are more conservative using Pedersen and Nørgaard equations, obtaining the lowest value with Martin. Regarding uplift pressures, Martin gives the lowest value, while the most conservative values are given by Günbak and Gökce’s for two scenarios, and Pedersen and Nørgaard for the other two scenarios. Furthermore, the sliding safety coefficient is more conditioning than overturning the safety coefficient in all the scenarios.

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Vulnerability Assessment of Farmer’s Livelihood to Climate Change a Case Study of farmers in Logo Anseba District, Eritrea

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP) ◽

10.29322/ijsrp.10.05.2020.p10154 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (05) ◽

pp. 463-474

Author(s):

Dawit Tesfai ◽

Zhang Jing

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Vulnerability Assessment

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Cross-Scale Vulnerability Assessment for Smallholder Farming: A Case Study from the Northeast of Brazil

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12093787 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 3787 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sophia Dobkowitz ◽

Ariane Walz ◽

Gabriele Baroni ◽

Aldrin M. Pérez-Marin

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Vulnerability Assessment ◽

Social Economic ◽

Smallholder Farmers ◽

Meteorological Data ◽

Ecological Indicators ◽

Field Scale ◽

Smallholder Farming ◽

Local Conditions

Climate change heavily impacts smallholder farming worldwide. Cross-scale vulnerability assessment has a high potential to identify nested measures for reducing vulnerability of smallholder farmers. Despite their high practical value, there are currently only limited examples of cross-scale assessments. The presented study aims at assessing the vulnerability of smallholder farmers in the Northeast of Brazil across three scales: regional, farm and field scale. In doing so, it builds on existing vulnerability indices and compares results between indices at the same scale and across scales. In total, six independent indices are tested, two at each scale. The calculated indices include social, economic and ecological indicators, based on municipal statistics, meteorological data, farm interviews and soil analyses. Subsequently, indices and overlapping indicators are normalized for intra- and cross-scale comparison. The results show considerable differences between indices across and within scales. They indicate different activities to reduce vulnerability of smallholder farmers. Major shortcomings arise from the conceptual differences between the indices. We therefore recommend the development of hierarchical indices, which are adapted to local conditions and contain more overlapping indicators for a better understanding of the nested vulnerabilities of smallholder farmers.

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