Aberrant right subclavian artery in a dog ˗ case report

ABSTRACT The brachiocephalic trunk and the left subclavian artery originate from the aortic arch, and both supply blood to the head, neck, and thoracic limbs. Anatomical variations, such as an aberrant right subclavian artery, are congenital conditions rarely observed in dogs, Thus, the objective of the present report was to describe a case of aberrant right subclavian artery in a 9-year-old Dalmatian. However, this anomaly was a finding in which the patient was asymptomatic during its 9 years of life and only at this age did he exhibit signs including sialorrhea, vomiting, hyporexia, and noisy deglutition. Blood count, biochemical profile, and thoracic radiography led to a diagnosis of megaesophagus and aspiration pneumonia. Despite the recommended treatment, the patient did not respond well; as such, the owner elected to euthanize the animal. On necropsy, the right subclavian artery originated directly from the aortic arch, followed a route from left to right dorsally to the esophagus, and then formed an impression of the vascular path over the muscular wall of the esophagus. The esophagus, in turn, exhibited a flaccid wall and dilation in the caudal portion to the vascular path made by the ectopic position of the right subclavian artery.

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Anatomic Investigation of Two Cases of Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery Syndrome, Including the Effects on External Vascular Dimensions

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics10080592 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 592

Author(s):

Mitchell H. Mirande ◽

Madelyn R. Durhman ◽

Heather F. Smith

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Aortic Arch ◽

Subclavian Artery ◽

Relative Size ◽

Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery ◽

Normal Sample ◽

Surgical Interventions ◽

Brachiocephalic Trunk ◽

The Right

The retroesophageal aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) is a variation of the aortic arch that occurs asymptomatically in most patients. However, when symptomatic, it is most commonly associated with dysphagia. ARSA has also been noted as a location of potentially severe aneurysms in some patients, as well as posing a risk during surgical interventions in the esophageal region. This case study analyzes two individuals with ARSA morphology in comparison to a normal sample in order to gain a better anatomical understanding of this anomaly, potentially leading to better risk assessment of ARSA patients going forward. The diameter of the ARSA vessel was found to be substantially larger than both the right subclavian artery and brachiocephalic trunk of the subjects with classic aortic arch anatomy. As many ARSA individuals are asymptomatic, we hypothesize that the relative size of the ARSA may dictate its contribution to the presence and/or severity of associated symptomatology.

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Aberrant right subclavian artery: embryology, prenatal diagnosis and clinical significance

Ultrasound ◽

10.1177/1742271x211057219 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1742271X2110572

Author(s):

Rachel Annetta ◽

Debbie Nisbet ◽

Edward O’Mahony ◽

Ricardo Palma-Dias

Keyword(s):

Aortic Arch ◽

Subclavian Artery ◽

Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽

Diagnostic Testing ◽

Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery ◽

Ultrasound Evaluation ◽

Brachiocephalic Trunk ◽

Ultrasound Findings ◽

22Q11.2 Microdeletion ◽

The Right

Introduction The right subclavian artery normally arises as the first vessel from the brachiocephalic trunk. An aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) arises directly from the aortic arch and crosses behind the trachea towards the right arm. This variant occurs in approximately 1–2% of the population; however, the frequency increases in individuals with chromosomal abnormalities such as trisomy 21 and 22q11.2 microdeletion. Prenatal identification of ARSA therefore has a role in screening for such conditions. Methods Databases were searched for studies reporting the prenatal ultrasound evaluation of ARSA and its frequency in normal fetuses and in those with chromosomal abnormalities. Results A total of 23 studies were evaluated. Feasibility for the ultrasound evaluation of ARSA was 85–95%. The sonographic detection of ARSA is best in the three-vessel trachea view; however, sagittal and coronal imaging of the aortic arch may be useful. ARSA in isolation was not found to be associated with chromosomal abnormalities. The prevalence of ARSA in chromosomally abnormal fetuses was up to 24-fold higher than in normal fetuses, but the majority of chromosomally abnormal fetuses with ARSA had additional abnormal ultrasound findings, particularly cardiac abnormalities. Conclusions The prenatal detection of ARSA is a clinically useful prenatal marker for chromosomal abnormalities. In isolation, it is unlikely to be associated with pathogenic genetic variants. The ultrasound diagnosis of ARSA should prompt meticulous assessment of associated abnormalities. Invasive diagnostic testing should be offered to patients with non-isolated ARSA or in the presence of non-reassuring screening results or other risk factors.

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An unusual origin of the right subclavian artery – arteria lusoria

Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences ◽

10.1515/cipms-2015-0022 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 234-236

Author(s):

Agnieszka Mocarska ◽

Miroslaw Szylejko ◽

Elzbieta Staroslawska ◽

Franciszek Burdan

Keyword(s):

Carotid Artery ◽

Aortic Arch ◽

Subclavian Artery ◽

Common Carotid Artery ◽

Left Common Carotid Artery ◽

Left Vertebral Artery ◽

Anatomical Anomaly ◽

Arteria Lusoria ◽

Brachiocephalic Trunk ◽

The Right

Abstract The aortic arch usually gives off three major arterial branches: the brachiocephalic trunk, the left common carotid artery and the left subclavian artery. The most frequently occurring developmental variations of arterial trunks origins are a joined brachiocephalic and left common carotid artery origin, the left vertebral artery branching from the aortic arch, a double aortic arch, and a change of sequence of branching arteries. The current report presents the rare asymptomatic situation of the right subclavian artery originating as the last individual branching from the aortic arch. This abnormality was accidentally discovered in a computed tomography examination of a 69-year old male patient. The examination showed that the artery went towards the neck posteriorly from the trachea. The anatomical anomaly was interpreted as being an arteria lusoria.

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A Five-Vessel Aortic Arch with an Anomalous Origin of Both Vertebral Arteries and an Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery

Interventional Neuroradiology ◽

10.1177/159101990401000404 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 309-314 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

P.A. Brouwer ◽

M.P.S. Souza ◽

R. Agid ◽

K.G. terBrugge

Keyword(s):

Carotid Artery ◽

Vertebral Artery ◽

Aortic Arch ◽

Subclavian Artery ◽

Common Carotid Artery ◽

Anomalous Origin ◽

Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery ◽

Left Vertebral Artery ◽

Transverse Foramen ◽

The Right

In this case presentation we describe a patient with an anomalous origin of the right vertebral artery arising from the right common carotid artery in combination with an aberrant right subclavian artery and a left vertebral artery originating from the arch between the left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery. Hence there were five vessels originating from the aortic arch. The possible embryological mechanism as well as a postulation on the importance of the level of entrance of the vertebral artery in the cervical transverse foramen is discussed.

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Dysphagia Lusoria: A Case Report

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia ◽

10.31436/imjm.v15i2.393 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Nik Qisti F ◽

Shahrun Niza AS ◽

Razrim R

Keyword(s):

Congenital Anomaly ◽

Case Report ◽

Aortic Arch ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Subclavian Artery ◽

Vertebral Column ◽

Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery ◽

Dorsal Part ◽

Dysphagia Lusoria ◽

The Right

Aberrant right subclavian artery is a rare cause of dysphagia. This is a congenital anomaly with the right subclavian artery originating from the dorsal part of the aortic arch and coursing through the mediastinum between the esophagus and the vertebral column. We report a case of a patient with chronic dysphagia caused by this condition. We further discuss the case with regards to its clinical features and options of management.

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Morphometry of the aortic arch and its branches

ARS Medica Tomitana ◽

10.2478/arsm-2013-0027 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 154-159 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A.M. Manole ◽

D.M. Iliescu ◽

A. Rusali ◽

P. Bordei

Keyword(s):

Carotid Artery ◽

Aortic Arch ◽

Subclavian Artery ◽

Common Carotid Artery ◽

Left Subclavian Artery ◽

Ascending Aorta ◽

Ct Scanner ◽

Arterial Trunk ◽

Brachiocephalic Trunk ◽

The Right

Abstract Our study was conducted by the evaluation of angioCT’s performed on a GE LightSpeed VCT64 Slice CT Scanner. The measurements were performed on the aortic arch at the following levels: at the origin of the aorta, the middle part of the ascending aorta, prior to the origin of the brachiocephalic arterial trunk and after the origin of the left subclavian artery. We measured the caliber of the aortic arch arteries and the data are correlated and reported by gender. The diameter of the ascending aorta was between 27 to 28.9 mm in females and in males from 25.8 to 37.6 mm. The diameter of the aorta within the middle segment of the ascending part was between 28-30.2 mm in females and in males from 26.1 to 34.6. The diameter of the aortic arch prior to the origin of the brachiocephalic arterial trunk was between 26.4 to 29.4 mm in females and in males from 25.8 to 37.5 mm. The diameter of the aortic arch after the origin of the left subclavian artery was in a range of 20.4 to 28.4 mm, which corresponds to the limits found in males while in females the aortic diameter was between 21.3 to 24.1 mm. The brachiocephalic trunk diameters were 8.3 to 15.5 mm in females and in males was 9.1 to 14.5 mm. The right common carotid artery had a diameter of 4-8 mm diameter in males and in females ranged from 4.7 to 5.5 mm. The right subclavian artery showed a caliber of 5.7 to 7.5 mm in females and in males from 5.9 to 10.1. The left common carotid artery diameter was 4.6 to 5.7 mm in females and males the diameter was between 5.2 to 7.4 mm. The left subclavian artery had a diameter of 6-10 mm in females and in males ranged from 7.7 to 12.8 mm. We found that the distance between the ascending part of the aorta and the descending segment ranged from 33.3 to 38.5 mm in females and in males from 40 to 68.6 mm. We measured the distance that exists at the crossing of the aortic arch with the left branch of the pulmonary trunk, finding that in females this distance is 3 to 10.3 mm and in males from 3 to 12.5 mm.

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Morphological characteristics of the aortic arch organization

ARS Medica Tomitana ◽

10.2478/arsm-2013-0012 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 67-73 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A.M. Manole ◽

D.M. Iliescu ◽

R. Baz ◽

P. Bordei

Keyword(s):

Vertebral Artery ◽

Aortic Arch ◽

Subclavian Artery ◽

Left Subclavian Artery ◽

Left Vertebral Artery ◽

Morphological Aspect ◽

Arterial Trunk ◽

Brachiocephalic Trunk ◽

The Right ◽

Number Of Branches

Abstract Our study was performed on 228 cases by dissection, by plastic injection followed by corrosion or dissection and by simple and CT angiography study. Each morphological aspect was assessed on a different numbers of cases, as long as the same case could not provide data on all studied elements. We assessed: the number of branches that originate from the aortic arch, the level of origin and the morphological type of the aortic arch. In terms of number of branches emerging from the aortic arch, most commonly are three branches, in 48.48% of cases, describing them 3 variations: separation of the three classical branches in 45,96% of cases, in 1.51% of cases the left common carotid artery emerged from the brachiocephalic trunk while the other two branches being represented by a vertebral artery and the left subclavian and in 1.01% by the right subclavian artery with retroesophageal traject, by a bicarotid arterial trunk and the left subclavian artery. In 28.70% of the cases were four branches, as follows: in 13.13% of cases the fourth branch was represented by the left vertebral artery, in 7.07% of cases there was the inferior thyroid artery, in 4.04% of cases the brachiocephalic arterial trunk was missing and the right subclavian artery originate from the aortic arch and presented a retroesophageal traject, in 3.03% of cases the fourth artery was the ascending cervical and in 1.51% of cases all four arteries had their origins in the aortic arch with no brachiocephalic trunk. In 22.73% of cases from the aortic arch originated only two branches: in 19.70% of cases the left common carotid originated in the brachiocephalic trunk, so the second branch was the left subclavian and in 3.03% of the cases there were two brachiocephalic trunks. Regarding the level of origin from the aortic arch, we found that only the brachiocephalic arterial trunk showed versions of origin: in 64 61% of the cases the brachiocephalic trunk had its origin in the horizontal segment of the aortic arch, in 21.54% of cases the origin was located at the limit between the ascending and horizontal segments and vin 12.31% of cases the origin was from the ascending segment of the aortic arch. In only 1.54% of the cases the left subclavian artery originated from the descending segment of the aortic arch

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Collateral Arteries of the Aortic Arch in Mongolian Gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus)

Acta Scientiae Veterinariae ◽

10.22456/1679-9216.89371 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 8

Author(s):

Radan Elvis Matias de Oliveira ◽

Hélio Norberto De Araújo Júnior ◽

Herson Da Silva Costa ◽

Gleidson Benevides De Oliveira ◽

Carlos Eduardo Bezerra De Moura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aortic Arch ◽

Subclavian Artery ◽

Carotid Arteries ◽

Left Subclavian Artery ◽

Meriones Unguiculatus ◽

Brachiocephalic Artery ◽

Collateral Arteries ◽

Brachiocephalic Trunk ◽

The Right ◽

Common Carotid Arteries

Background: Gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) are rodents belonging to the Muridae family. Recently, breeding of this species as pets has increased significantly. Animal models are being investigated to study diseases related to the human aortic arch. Despite the importance of the aortic arch in maintaining homeostasis, there is limited data available regarding its morphology in gerbils. This study was performed with the objective of describing the collateral branches of the aortic arch in this animal to establish a standard model and thus contribute to future research on cardiovascular diseases in humans.Materials, Methods & Results: This study used 20 male specimens from previous studies that were frozen and stored at the Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy of the Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid Region. After thawing the animals, the thoracic cavity was opened for aortic cannulation. The vascular system was washed using saline solution and Neoprene latex stained with red pigment was injected. Subsequently, the animals were fixed in 10% formaldehyde and were dissected and analyzed 72 h later. The arrangement of the collateral branches of the aortic arch in gerbils was analyzed in all animals. The brachiocephalic trunk, the left common carotid, and the left subclavian artery were observed to originate as collateral branches. The brachiocephalic trunk bifurcated into the right common carotid and the right subclavian arteries. The right and the left subclavian arteries branched into the vertebral artery, the internal thoracic artery, the superficial cervical artery, the costocervical trunk, and the axillary artery.Discussion: Several studies reported in the literature describe the collateral branches of the aortic arch in domestic and wild mammalian species. These studies examined the main arteries that originate directly from the aortic arch and their respective branches, and classified the different anatomical variants of the aortic arch in each species. Three different arrangements have been commonly described. The first type corresponds only to the brachiocephalic artery originating from the aortic arch. The right and the left common carotid arteries and the right and the left subclavian arteries originate from this brachiocephalic artery. This type has already been described in the laboratory rat, catingueiro-deer, cattle, and horses. The second type is characterized by the presence of 2 arteries - the brachiocephalic trunk and the left subclavian artery. The right and the left common carotid arteries and the right subclavian artery originate from the brachiocephalic trunk. This arrangement has been reported in most species already studied such as rodents including the paca, chinchilla, guinea pig, mocó, nutria and the preá. The third type of vascular arrangement is observed in the gerbil. In this species, 3 collateral arteries originate from the aortic arch (the brachiocephalic trunk, the left common carotid, and the left subclavian artery). The right common carotid and the right subclavian artery originate from the brachiocephalic trunk. This vascular model has been described in the manatee, in humans, mice, sauim, and the monkey-nail. Thus, we concluded that the branching pattern of the aortic arch of the gerbil was characterized by the brachiocephalic trunk, the left common carotid, and the left subclavian artery, as has been described in mice, the manatee, monkey-nail, sauim, and humans. Based on these morphological characteristics, gerbils could serve as potential experimental models to study diseases related to the human aortic arch.

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The arteries originating from the aortic arch and the branches of these arteries in red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris)

Veterinární Medicína ◽

10.17221/3158-vetmed ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 56 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 131-134 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Aydin

Keyword(s):

Carotid Artery ◽

Aortic Arch ◽

Subclavian Artery ◽

Common Carotid Artery ◽

Left Subclavian Artery ◽

Axillary Artery ◽

Thoracic Cavity ◽

Sciurus Vulgaris ◽

Brachiocephalic Trunk ◽

The Right

This study had the aim of investigating the anatomy of the aortic arch in squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris). Ten squirrels were studied. The materials were carefully dissected and the arterial patterns of arteries originating from the aortic arch were examined. The brachiocephalic trunk and the left subclavian artery were detached from the aortic arch. The brachiocephalic trunk first gave the left common carotid artery, and then detached to the right subclavian and common carotid artery. In all the examined materials, the left and right subclavian arteries gave branches that were similar after leaving the thoracic cavity from the cranial thoracic entrance. But while the whole branches of the the right subclavian artery were arising from almost the same point the left subclavian artery gave these branches in a definite order, and the branches that separated were the following: the internal thoracic artery, the intercostal suprema artery, the ramus spinalis, the vertebral artery and the descending scapular artery. It also gave the common branch formed by the junction of three of the cervical superficial, the cevical profund and the suprascapular arteries. After the separation of these branches, continuation of the artery gave the external thoracic artery on the external face of the thoracic cavity and then formed the axillar artery. The axillary artery separated into the subscapular and the brachial arteries. Thus, the arteries originating from the aortic arch and the branches of these arteries are different from other rodents and from domestic mammals.

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Fourth branch of arch of aorta and its clinical implication

Journal of Biomedical Sciences ◽

10.3126/jbs.v2i3.14765 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 24-27

Author(s):

Rashmi N Gitte ◽

Chenna Reddy Ganji ◽

Vishal M Salve

Keyword(s):

Vertebral Artery ◽

Aortic Arch ◽

Subclavian Artery ◽

Left Vertebral Artery ◽

Branching Pattern ◽

Human Beings ◽

Vertebral Arteries ◽

Brachiocephalic Trunk ◽

Great Vessels ◽

The Right

In human beings the most common branching pattern of the aortic arch was its division into three great vessels ie the brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery and the subclavian artery. The vertebral arteries arise from the superior aspect of the first part of the subclavian artery. In present case, a left vertebral artery arose from the aortic arch as fourth branch was found. The diameter of left vertebral artery at its origin was 6 mm as compared to the right vertebral artery, which has diameter of 3.5 mm at its origin. In this case left sixth dorsal intersegmental artery might have persisted as first part of vertebral artery hence left vertebral artery arising from arch of aorta. Knowledge of the variations in branching pattern of the aortic arch is important in the diagnosis of intracranial aneurysm after subarachnoid haemorrhage.J. Biomed. Sci. 2015, 2(3):21-23.

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