scholarly journals Food resource partitioning among species of Astyanax (Characiformes: Characidae) in the Lower Iguaçu River and tributaries, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suelen F. R. Pini ◽  
Milza C. F. Abelha ◽  
Elaine A. L. Kashiwaqui ◽  
Rosilene L. Delariva ◽  
Sergio Makrakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resource Partitioning ◽  
Paired Comparison ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Species Introduction ◽  
Terrestrial Plant ◽  
Food Overlap ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Iguaçu River ◽  
Food Resource Partitioning

ABSTRACT Resource partitioning allows for interspecific coexistence and is frequently reported for similar species. Here, we predicted the existence of resource partitioning among species of Astyanax that co-occur in the Low Iguaçu River and tributaries in Brazil. A total of 848 stomachs of five species of Astyanax were analyzed. Algae, terrestrial plant and fruit/seed were the most consumed resources. Astyanax bifasciatus and A. dissimilis had predominantly herbivorous diets, A. gymnodontus and A. lacustris were omnivorous, and A. minor was mainly algivorous. Permutational analysis of variance showed the species had different diets, and similarity percentage analysis indicated that fruit/seed and terrestrial plant contributed the most to this differentiation. A paired comparison indicated that the trophic breadth of A. gymnodontus differed from that of other species. The food overlap was low for 55% of Astyanax pairs. These results showed alignment with the niche theory, in which differentiation in the use of food resources facilitates the coexistence of species and minimizes competition. These adjustments to coexistence become relevant in the context of endemic species in a highly isolated basin under intense threat (dams, species introduction, deforestation, and pollution) as is the case for the Iguaçu River basin.

Dietary overlap and food resource partitioning among fish species of a tropical estuary in Northeastern Brazil

Gaia Scientia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 86-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adna Ferreira da Silva Garcia ◽  
Ana Lúcia Vendel
Keyword(s):  
Resource Partitioning ◽  
Species Coexistence ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Dietary Overlap ◽  
Feeding Niche ◽  
Tropical Environments ◽  
Food Resource Partitioning

The current work investigates dietary overlap and food partitioning among nine abundant carnivorous fishes caught in the shallow waters of the Paraíba do Norte river estuary, Paraíba State, Brazil. Fishes were sampled with a beach seine net between January and December 2008 and a total of 958 specimens had their stomach content analyzed. Crustacea was the dominant food resource for Lutjanus alexandrei, L. jocu and Bathygobius soporator, whereas Telostei were consumed mainly by Centropomus undecimalis and C. parallelus. In contrast, Polychaeta were preyed upon mainly by Diapterus rhombeus, Eucinostomus argenteus, Sciades herzbergii and S. parkeri. Although most species consumed similar food items, they did that in varying proportions and amounts. Overall, the niche overlap among species was low (< 0.60), but there were several cases where pair of species had their feeding niche highly overlapped (between 0.72 and 0.97). These findings corroborate the hypothesis that food resource partitioning determines species coexistence in estuarine tropical environments.

scholarly journals Diet of two sit-and-wait lizards, Phyllopezus pollicaris (Spix, 1825) (Phyllodactylidae) and Hemidactylus mabouia (Moreau de Jonnès, 1818) (Gekkonidae) in a perianthropic area of Mato Grosso do Sul, western Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 376-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson Rufino de Albuquerque ◽  
Arianna da Silva Costa-Urquiza ◽  
Michelly Pereira Soares ◽  
Ledilene Saucedo Alves ◽  
Marcus Vinícius Santiago Urquiza
Keyword(s):  
Resource Partitioning ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
Lizard Species ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Rocky Substrate ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Hemidactylus Mabouia ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul ◽  
Prey Items ◽  
Food Resource Partitioning

The dietary compositions of two sit-and-wait lizard species, Hemidactylus mabouia and Phyllopezus pollicaris, which co-occur over rocky substrate and vertical rock walls in a perianthropic area of western Brazil, were described. Both species showed a generalist feeding pattern, feeding mainly on insects. The most frequent prey items in the diet of P. pollicaris were Coleoptera, Araneae and Homoptera whereas the most important were Coleoptera and Homoptera, respectively. For H. mabouia the most frequent prey items were Araneae followed by Coleopterae and Hemiptera, whereas the most important items were H. mabouia followed by Formicidae and Hemiptera. Our identification into broader prey-types categories (i.e., order or family-level) suggests that some degree of food resource partitioning may occur, possibly through the occupation of different temporal niches.

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