scholarly journals Pancreatic beta cell protection/regeneration with phytotherapy

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azar Hosseini ◽  
Reza Shafiee-Nick ◽  
Ahmad Ghorbani
Keyword(s):  
Beta Cell ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cell Protection ◽  
Cell Degeneration ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Beta Cell Protection

Although currently available drugs are useful in controlling early onset complications of diabetes, serious late onset complications appear in a large number of patients. Considering the physiopathology of diabetes, preventing beta cell degeneration and stimulating the endogenous regeneration of islets will be essential approaches for the treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The current review focused on phytochemicals, the antidiabetic effect of which has been proved by pancreatic beta cell protection/regeneration. Among the hundreds of plants that have been investigated for diabetes, a small fraction has shown the regenerative property and was described in this paper. Processes of pancreatic beta cell degeneration and regeneration were described. Also, the proposed mechanisms for the protective/regenerative effects of such phytochemicals and their potential side effects were discussed.

Residual Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-413
Author(s):  
Shin Amemiya ◽  
Kohsuke Higashida ◽  
Masatoshi Fujimoto ◽  
Kohtaro Asayama ◽  
Kazuyoshi Ichimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell Function

scholarly journals Cell-based therapy for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

1998 ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Efrat
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Reversible Transformation ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Insulin Dependent

Insulin-secreting pancreatic beta-cell lines represent a promising approach for treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Such cell lines can provide an abundant and reproducible source of beta-cell material for transplantation. A number of highly differentiated beta-cell lines have been developed using transgenic mice. These cells produce insulin amounts comparable to normal pancreatic islets and release it in response to physiological insulin secretagogues. Our laboratory has employed a reversible transformation approach to tightly regulate cell replication in these beta-cell lines, both in culture and in vivo. Beta-cell lines can be modulated by gene transfer to improve their function and survival. We have utilized adenovirus genes, which downregulate antigen presentation and increase cell resistance to cytokines, to facilitate transplantation of mouse beta cells across allogeneic barriers. These approaches could be applied to the development of human beta-cell lines by genetic engineering of isolated human islets.

Autoimmunity to insulin, beta cell dysfunction, and development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Diabetes ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Srikanta ◽  
A. T. Ricker ◽  
D. K. McCulloch ◽  
J. S. Soeldner ◽  
G. S. Eisenbarth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Beta Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Insulin Dependent

scholarly journals Genetic, metabolic and clinical characteristics of maturity onset diabetes of the young

1998 ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Velho ◽  
P Froguel
Keyword(s):  
Late Onset ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Maturity Onset Diabetes ◽  
Primary Defect ◽  
Onset Diabetes

Maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a genetically and clinically heterogeneous subtype of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) characterised by early onset, autosomal dominant inheritance and a primary defect in insulin secretion. To date, three MODY genes have been identified on chromosomes 20q (MODY1/hepatic nuclear factor (HNF)-4alpha), 7p (MODY2/glucokinase) and 12q (MODY3/HNF-1alpha). Mutations in MODY2/glucokinase result in mild chronic hyperglycaemia as a result of reduced pancreatic beta-cell responsiveness to glucose, and decreased net accumulation of hepatic glycogen and increased hepatic gluconeogenesis after meals. In contrast, MODY1 and MODY3 are characterised by severe insulin secretory defects, and by major hyperglycaemia associated with microvascular complications. The role of the three known MODY genes in susceptibility to the more common late-onset NIDDM remain uncertain. Genetic studies seem to exclude a role as major susceptibility genes, but leave unresolved whether they may have a minor role in a polygenic context or an important role in particular populations.

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