URINARY STEROID EXCRETION BY THE SQUIRREL MONKEY (SAIMURI SCIUREUS)

1977 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. D. R. SETCHELL ◽  
K. S. CHUA ◽  
R. L. HIMSWORTH
Keyword(s):  
Squirrel Monkey ◽  
Urinary Free Cortisol ◽  
Complete Suppression ◽  
Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone ◽  
Conspicuous Feature ◽  
Urinary Steroids ◽  
Free Cortisol ◽  
Steroid Excretion ◽  
Urinary Steroid ◽  
Steroid Conjugates

SUMMARY Urinary steroids and steroid conjugates were measured in the squirrel monkey (Saimuri sciureus). The principal steroids excreted were cortisol, 11β,17α,20β,21-tetrahydroxy-4pregnen-3-one (20β-dihydrocortisol), 11β,17α,20α,21-tetrahydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (20α-dihydrocortisol), α- and β-cortol and α- and β-cortolone. The majority of the steroids were excreted unconjugated and a conspicuous feature of the pattern was the large amount of urinary free cortisol. Unlike man there was an insignificant excretion of 3α,17α,21-trihydroxy-5β-pregnane-11,20-dione (tetrahydrocortisone) and 3α,11β,17α,21-tetrahydroxy-5β-pregnan-20-one (tetrahydrocortisol). A steroid not previously identified in urine from any species was one of the major glucuronide conjugates; it was characterized as having the structure 3β,17α,20ξ,21-tetrahydroxy-5β-pregnan-11-one. Administration of dexamethasone resulted in complete suppression of steroid output, whilst the response to adrenocorticotrophic hormone was inconstant.

Radioimmunoassay of 2-hydroxyestrone in urine

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
B J McGuinness ◽  
M J Power ◽  
P F Fottrell
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Helix Pomatia ◽  
Enzyme Hydrolysis ◽  
Human Tissues ◽  
Catechol Estrogens ◽  
Urinary Steroids ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Urinary Steroid ◽  
Steroid Conjugates

Abstract Catechol estrogens such as 2-OH estrone are interesting estrogen metabolites formed in several human tissues and excreted in urine. We developed and thoroughly validated a radioimmunoassay for urinary 2-OH estrone that has several advantages over published RIAs. Because we developed a relatively specific antiserum, we did not include a preliminary chromatographic step to eliminate cross-reacting urinary steroids. We hydrolyzed urinary steroid conjugates with beta-glucuronidase from Helix pomatia because recoveries after acid hydrolysis were only 49.6% compared with 73.8% after enzyme hydrolysis. Published RIAs for urinary 2-OH estrone use acid hydrolysis. Our RIA measured 2-OH estrone independently of the volume of sample, and the detection limit was between 100 and 240 ng/L (10-24 pg per tube). The ED50 was 370 ng/L, and inter- and intraassay CVs for low, medium, and high concentrations were 22.5%, 22.8%, and 19.9%, and 17.4%, 14.3%, and 10.8%, respectively. Median concentrations measured in 14 controls and 33 postmenopausal patients with breast cancer were 0.96 and 1.55 micrograms/g creatinine, respectively, but there was considerable overlap between values from controls and patients.

EFFECT OF CORTICOTROPHIN AND CORTICOSTEROIDS ON PLASMA INTERSTITIAL CELL-STIMULATING HORMONE AND URINARY STEROIDS IN THE BOAR

1968 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. LIPTRAP ◽  
J. I. RAESIDE
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Cell ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Cholesterol Depletion ◽  
Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone ◽  
Gonadal Steroid ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Urinary Steroids ◽  
Testicular Steroidogenesis ◽  
Steroid Excretion ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

SUMMARY Levels of interstitial cell-stimulating hormone (ICSH) activity in plasma estimated by the rat ovarian cholesterol depletion method and urinary gonadal steroid excretion were studied in boars under various experimental conditions. Injections of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), hydrocortisone and prednisolone trimethylacetate were found to lower the level of plasma ICSH and urinary dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA) and oestrogens. This action of ACTH is thought to be mediated through the adrenal cortex since ACTH did not reduce urinary DHA or plasma ICSH activity in the adrenalectomized boar. Hydrocortisone reduced ICSH activity in the castrated boar. When hydrocortisone was administered at the same time as testicular steroidogenesis was stimulated by chorionic gonadotrophin in young hypophysectomized or intact boars, no pronounced influence was found on their elevated DHA excretion. It is concluded that in the boar some adrenal corticosteroids are capable of depressing plasma ICSH activity which results in reduced testicular steroidogenesis.

ADRENOCORTICAL HYPERPLASIA: REPORT OF A CASE WITH STUDIES OF THE EXCRETION OF STEROID METABOLITES

1957 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. E. BUSH ◽  
G. I. M. SWYER ◽  
MARGARET I. STERN ◽  
M. L. N. WILLOUGHBY
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Untreated Patient ◽  
Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone ◽  
Urinary Steroids ◽  
Group Methods ◽  
Metabolic Products ◽  
Adrenocortical Hyperplasia ◽  
Acth Treatment ◽  
Urinary Steroid

SUMMARY 1. Clinical details are given of a case of adrenocortical hyperplasia causing macrogenitosomia praecox in a boy aged eight. 2. Urinary steroids were investigated using 'group' methods of analysis and also chromatographic procedures for the estimation of individual steroids. 3. Patterns of excretion in the untreated patient, under exogenous adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) treatment and with oral cortisone and prednisone, were obtained. Following the intramuscular injection of ACTH, there was a fall rather than an increase in the plasma cortisone and cortisol levels, and no increase in the urinary excretion of 17-ketosteroids (17-KS), 17-ketogenic steroids (17-KGS), pregnanetriol (P'triol), pregnanediol (P'diol) and oestrogens. The only urinary steroid which was excreted in significantly greater amounts was dehydroepiandrosterone. Oral cortisone and prednisone caused marked falls in the output of 17-KS, P'triol and P'diol. 4. The urine of the patient contained increased amounts of certain normally occurring steroids as well as others which are not usually found. There was a high content of total neutral 17-KS, 17-KGS, P'triol, P'diol and oestrogens. Analysis of individual steroids showed the presence of 17α-hydroxypregnanolone and 11-oxo-pregnanetriol which are not normally found in urine by methods in current use. 11-Hydroxyandrosterone and aetiocholanolone were present in increased amounts. The ratio of 11-oxygenated 17-KS to total 17-KS was abnormally high. On the other hand, the urinary excretion of cortisone and cortisol, and of their metabolic products tetrahydrocortisone and tetrahydrocortisol, was not increased. These changes can largely be explained by current concepts of the abnormal steroidogenesis in this disorder.

How useful is 24 hour Urinary Free Cortisol as a screening tool for Cushing's syndrome?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Hanafy ◽  
Chinnadorai Rajeswaran ◽  
Saad Saddiq ◽  
Warren Gillibrand ◽  
John Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
Cushing’S Syndrome ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Urinary Free Cortisol ◽  
Cushing's Syndrome ◽  
Free Cortisol

EFFECT OF AN ANABOLIC STEROID (METHANDIENONE) ON PITUITARY-ADRENAL FUNCTION IN THE HUMAN

1962 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. WYNN ◽  
J. LANDON ◽  
V. H. T. JAMES
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Anabolic Steroid ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Adrenal Function ◽  
Endocrine Diseases ◽  
Adrenal Response ◽  
Steroid Excretion ◽  
Urinary Steroid ◽  
Marked Suppression

SUMMARY The effect of methandienone administration on urinary steroid excretion has been studied in subjects with normal pituitary-adrenal function and in patients with various endocrine diseases. In the control subjects, a marked suppression of urinary 17-KS and 17-OHCS excretion occurred, which persisted throughout even prolonged periods of methandienone administration. Upon cessation of methandienone treatment a prompt rise in urinary steroid excretion occurred, on occasions to levels slightly higher than those seen before treatment. Similar results were obtained in subjects with acromegaly and Cushing's syndrome, but in patients with anorexia nervosa and a low basal steroid excretion, the suppressive effect of methandienone was less marked. During treatment with methandienone, pituitary response to metopirone was depressed, but adrenal response to corticotrophin was unaltered. It was concluded that methandienone diminishes the rate of production of adrenocortical steroid by inhibiting corticotrophin production or release. Unlike the inhibition observed during treatment with glucocorticoids, it was not associated with atrophy of the adrenal glands.

A Comparative Study of Urinary 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids, Urinary Free Cortisol, and the Integrated Concentration of Plasma Cortisol*

1980 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 1099-1101 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZVI ZADIK ◽  
LUIZ DE LACERDA ◽  
LUIZ A. H. DE CARMARGO ◽  
BRUCE P. HAMILTON ◽  
CLAUDE J. MIGEON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Urinary Free Cortisol ◽  
Free Cortisol

Urinary steroid excretion and conjugation by the baboon (Papio hamadry as)—A comprehensive study

1976 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 809-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.D.R. Setchell ◽  
M. Axelson ◽  
A.I. Simarina ◽  
N.P. Gontscharow
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Excretion ◽  
Urinary Steroid ◽  
Comprehensive Study
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