scholarly journals An Unusual Presentation of Cryptococcal Infection in a Post Renal Transplant Patient: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishanthi WAAGN ◽  
Shiyam A
Keyword(s):  
Renal Transplant Patient ◽  
Transplant Patient ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Cryptococcal Infection ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant Recipients ◽  
Bird Feces ◽  
Significant Mortality

Background: Cryptococcus neoformans is opportunistic yeast commonly found in soil contaminated by bird feces throughout the world. Cryptococcosis is a severe fungal infection in a with a high mortality rate among solid organ transplant recipients. The infection usually involves the lungs, central nervous system, skin, bones, and the urinary tract. Cryptococcosis continues to cause significant mortality and morbidity in immunocompromised patients.

scholarly journals Mucormycosis in a Renal Transplant Recipient: Case Report and Comprehensive Review of Literature

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamim Hamdi ◽  
Vanji Karthikeyan ◽  
George J. Alangaden
Keyword(s):  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Renal Transplant Patient ◽  
Transplant Patient ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Uncontrolled Diabetes ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant Recipients ◽  
Disseminated Mucormycosis ◽  
Prompt Diagnosis

Mucormycosis is a rare but devastating infection. We present a case of fatal disseminated mucormycosis infection in a renal transplant patient. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and immunosuppression are the major predisposing factors to infection with Mucorales. Mucorales are angioinvasive and can infect any organ system. Lungs are the predominant site of infection in solid organ transplant recipients. Prompt diagnosis is challenging and influences outcome. Treatment involves a combination of surgical and medical therapies. Amphotericin B remains the cornerstone in the medical management of mucormycosis, although other agents have been used. Newer agents are promising.

scholarly journals Gastric Mucormycosis in a Renal Transplant Patient Treated with Isavuconazole Monotherapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imran Gani ◽  
Atbin Doroodchi ◽  
Kristina Falkenstrom ◽  
Holly Berry ◽  
Won Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Renal Transplant Recipients ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant Recipients ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Gastrointestinal mucormycosis is a rare infection in solid organ transplant recipients. Our patient, a 79-year-old male, presented with severe dysphagia and odynophagia about 2 weeks after receiving a renal transplant. An upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy revealed esophagitis and gastric ulceration, the cultures from which grew Rhizopus species. A usual treatment strategy should include Amphotericin B as monotherapy or in combination with Posaconazole or Isavuconazole for such infections. Our patient was treated with Isavuconazole monotherapy, in an effort to minimize renal toxicity from Amphotericin B to the new allograft. Unique to our case was a successful clinical response and resolution of UGI lesions with Isavuconazole monotherapy. Due to the vagueness of presenting symptoms, such infections can be easily missed in an immunocompromised patient which can have tragic outcomes. Prompt diagnosis and modulation of immunosuppression are essential to decrease mortality and morbidity. Isavuconazole is a novel agent and can be used as a monotherapy for such infections, especially in renal transplant recipients.

scholarly journals Late-onset cytomegalovirus pneumonitis successfully treated by cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin in heart transplant patient with renal failure

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 2050313X2198949
Author(s):  
Sandra Jaksic Jurinjak ◽  
Vanja Hulak ◽  
Mario Udovicic
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Transplant Patient ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

Cytomegalovirus infection is one of the most serious pathogens affecting solid organ transplant recipients. Cytomegalovirus has been identified as a risk factor for graft rejection, cardiac allograft vasculopathy and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Viral clearance is not achieved in all patients despite standard antiviral therapy; therefore, there is great interest in prevention and treatment strategies, as use of specific cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin, to avoid progression to organ involvement. Dose regimen of specific cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin is not well studied, especially in cytomegalovirus disease. We present the case of late onset of tissue invasive disease, pneumonitis, in young female patient after heart transplantation with acute renal failure, successfully treated with frequent intermittent cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin followed by renal dosed ganciclovir.

Cytomegalovirus in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: Clinical Updates, Challenges and Future Directions

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (28) ◽  
pp. 3497-3506
Author(s):  
Raymund R. Razonable
Keyword(s):  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Solid Organ Transplantation ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

Cytomegalovirus is the classic opportunistic infection after solid organ transplantation. This review will discuss updates and future directions in the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of CMV infection in solid organ transplant recipients. Antiviral prophylaxis and pre-emptive therapy are the mainstays of CMV prevention, but they should not be mutually exclusive and each strategy should be considered depending on a specific situation. The lack of a widely applicable viral load threshold for diagnosis and preemptive therapy is emphasized as a major factor that should pave the way for an individualized approach to prevention. Valganciclovir and intravenous ganciclovir remain as drugs of choice for CMV management, and strategies for managing drug-resistant CMV infection are enumerated. There is increasing use of CMV-specific cell-mediated immune assays to stratify the risk of CMV infection after solid organ transplantation, and their potential role in optimizing CMV prevention and treatment efforts is discussed.

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