Optimal passive structural control under extreme earthquake excitations using a combined pendulum tuned mass damper

Floating offshore wind turbines are able to access deeper waters with stronger winds, but also have more complicated dynamic behavior than fixed-bottom offshore turbines, potentially resulting in larger loads. Structural control using tuned mass dampers (TMD) is a promising method for mitigating these loads. Previous research on structural control in wind turbines has typically considered passive devices and operational conditions. In this study, the effects of a passive tuned mass damper and a semi-active tuned mass damper, located at the tower top, are analyzed and simulated for the GE Haliade 150–6MW wind turbine located on the Glosten Pelastar tension-leg platform (TLP). The system is simulated using FASTv8, the wind turbine aero-elastic wind turbine simulator developed by NREL, which includes a TMD module capable of modeling passive and semi-active devices. A pendulum-type TMD developed by ESM GmbH, which can oscillate in the fore-aft and side-side directions, is modelled with non-linear position constraints. Semi-active control is defined using an “on-off” TMD damping based on a “ground-hook” control law. Ultimate limit state (ULS) conditions with a parked rotor are simulated, for two different water depths. The results are analyzed in terms of the load reductions at the tower base, nacelle acceleration reduction, and tendon tensions for the various configurations. The impact of TMD stroke limitations and the sensitivity of the results to water depth are investigated. The results will show that structural control can reduce ULS loads in deep water configurations, but are less effective in shallow water. The dynamics of the system that cause this result will be elucidated. The results will also demonstrate that semi-active control can be an effective strategy to further reduce loads and reduce the TMD stroke.

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Modeling and Parameter Analysis of the OC3-Hywind Floating Wind Turbine with a Tuned Mass Damper in Nacelle

Journal of Applied Mathematics ◽

10.1155/2013/679071 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Yulin Si ◽

Hamid Reza Karimi ◽

Huijun Gao

Keyword(s):

Wind Turbine ◽

Structural Control ◽

Parameter Tuning ◽

Tuned Mass Damper ◽

Parameter Analysis ◽

Load Reduction ◽

Floating Wind Turbine ◽

Mass Damper ◽

Moderate Load ◽

Tuning Methods

Floating wind turbine will suffer from more fatigue and ultimate loads compared with fixed-bottom installation due to its floating foundation, while structural control offers a possible solution for direct load reduction. This paper deals with the modelling and parameter tuning of a spar-type floating wind turbine with a tuned mass damper (TMD) installed in nacelle. First of all, a mathematical model for the platform surge-heave-pitch motion and TMD-nacelle interaction is established based on D’Alembert’s principle. Both intrinsic dynamics and external hydro and mooring effects are captured in the model, while tower flexibility is also featured. Then, different parameter tuning methods are adopted to determine the TMD parameters for effective load reduction. Finally, fully coupled nonlinear wind turbine simulations with different designs are conducted in different wind and wave conditions. The results demonstrate that the design of TMD with small spring and damping coefficients will achieve much load reduction in the above rated condition. However, it will deteriorate system performance when the turbine is working in the below rated or parked situations. In contrast, the design with large spring and damping constants will produce moderate load reduction in all working conditions.

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A parametric study of a tower controlled by a pendulum tuned mass damper: beam modelling

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201821114006 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 211 ◽

pp. 14006

Author(s):

Gino B. Colherinhas ◽

Maura A. M. Shzu ◽

Suzana M. Avila ◽

Marcus V. G. de Morais

Keyword(s):

Parametric Study ◽

Structural Control ◽

Structural Model ◽

Tuned Mass Damper ◽

Fe Model ◽

Genetic Optimization ◽

Mass Damper ◽

Element Type ◽

Stiffness And Damping Coefficient ◽

Stiffness And Damping

This paper models a tower with a passive Pendulum Tuned Mass Damper (PTMD) with Finite Elements (FE) using the resources and capabilities of commercial software ANSYS. Although structural control of high and slender towers using PTMDs are widely studied in literature, it was not found yet studies modelling the PTMD with ANSYS. This FE model is called by a routine coded in MATLAB to find the relation between the mass, length, stiffness, and damping coefficient of the pendulum in function of the high vibration amplitudes at the top of the tower (defined as a beam element type). This parametric study of the dynamic behaviour of the PTMD + FE beam structural model is analysed and its results are compared to a genetic optimization developed in other researches to find the best pendulum parameters.

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Design of a Tuned Mass Damper Inerter (TMDI) Based on an Exhaustive Search Optimization for Structural Control of Buildings under Seismic Excitations

Shock and Vibration ◽

10.1155/2020/8875268 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-19

Author(s):

Luis Augusto Lara-Valencia ◽

Yosef Farbiarz-Farbiarz ◽

Yamile Valencia-González

Keyword(s):

Structural Control ◽

Passive Control ◽

Damping Ratio ◽

Optimization Procedure ◽

Tuned Mass Damper ◽

Exhaustive Search ◽

Device Design ◽

Peak Displacement ◽

Search Optimization ◽

Mass Damper

A tuned mass damper inerter (TMDI) is a new class of passive control device based on the inclusion of an inerter mechanism into a conventional tuned mass damper (TMD). The inerter device provides inertial resisting forces to the controlled system, through relatively small masses, converting it in a mechanism with the potential to enhance the performance of passive energy dissipating systems. This work presents a study of an optimal TMDI design through an exhaustive search process. TMDI device design using the cited parameter selection methodology consists in the determination of the damper critical damping ratio, ζTMDI, and frequency ratio, υTMDI, which result in the minimum structural response of a multidegree of freedom structural system, considering predefined values for mass ratio (µ) and inertance ratio (β). The used optimization process examines all possible damping device design parameter combinations to select the set of values that results in the best device performance to reduce response parameters in a structure. Four different optimization processes are performed by independently minimizing four performance indices: J1 associated to the reduction of the structure’s maximum peak displacement, J2 calculates the minimal RMS value for the structure’s peak displacement, J3 seeks by the minimal peak interstorey drift, and JP determines the lowest value for a linear weighted combination of the abovementioned three indices. A numerical example is developed with the purpose of validating the proposed optimization procedure and to evaluate the benefits of using TMDI as controlling devices for structures under seismic excitation, by carrying out a comparative analysis to contrast the performance of the optimization alternatives developed, running up to 1968192 cases. The obtained results show that devices designed based on exhaustive search optimization produce peak displacement reductions of up to 35% and peak structure displacement RMS reductions of up to 30%.

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Active Tuned Mass Damper Control of Wind Turbine Nacelle/Tower Vibrations with Damaged Foundations

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.569-570.660 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 569-570 ◽

pp. 660-667 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Breiffni Fitzgerald ◽

Biswajit Basu

Keyword(s):

Wind Turbine ◽

Structural Control ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Tuned Mass Damper ◽

Soil Medium ◽

Active Structural Control ◽

Control Scheme ◽

Mass Damper ◽

Out Of Plane ◽

Tower Vibration

The aim of this paper is to develop an active structural control scheme to control wind turbine nacelle/tower out-of-plane vibration. An active tuned mass damper (ATMD) is designed an placed inside the turbine nacelle. An EulerLagrangian wind turbine model based on energy formulation is developed for this purpose, which considers the structural dynamics of the system and the interaction between in-plane and out-of-plane vibrations. Also, the interaction between the blades and the tower including the ATMD is considered. The wind turbine is subjected to gravity and turbulent aerodynamic loadings. A three-dimensional (3D) model of a wind turbine foundation is designed and analysed in the finite element geotechnical code PLAXIS. The rotation of the foundation is measured and used to calculate a rotational spring constant for use in wind turbine models to describe the soil-structure interaction (SSI) between the wind turbine foundation and the underlying soil medium. Damage is induced in the soil medium by a loss in foundation stiffness. The active control scheme is shown to reduce nacelle/tower vibration when damage occurs.

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Structural Control for an Offshore Wind Turbine with a Tuned Mass Damper in Floating Platform

DEStech Transactions on Computer Science and Engineering ◽

10.12783/dtcse/ceic2018/24582 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

JIA-JIA YANG ◽

ER-MING HE ◽

YA-QI HU

Keyword(s):

Wind Turbine ◽

Structural Control ◽

Tuned Mass Damper ◽

Offshore Wind ◽

Offshore Wind Turbine ◽

Floating Platform ◽

Mass Damper

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Nonlinear structural control using integrated DDA/ISMP and semi-active tuned mass damper

Engineering Structures ◽

10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.12.059 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 181 ◽

pp. 589-604 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Kaveh Karami ◽

Salar Manie ◽

Khatib Ghafouri ◽

Satish Nagarajaiah

Keyword(s):

Structural Control ◽

Tuned Mass Damper ◽

Nonlinear Structural ◽

Mass Damper

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GA-Optimized Fuzzy State Space Model of Multi Degree Freedom Structure Under Seismic Excitation

Volume 8: Seismic Engineering ◽

10.1115/pvp2017-65334 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Thang Pham Huu ◽

Akira Sone ◽

Nanako Miura

Keyword(s):

Fuzzy Logic ◽

Structural Control ◽

Fuzzy Logic Controller ◽

Tuned Mass Damper ◽

Structural System ◽

Active Structural Control ◽

Linear Behavior ◽

Mass Damper ◽

Non Linear ◽

Fuzzy State

Active structural control has drawn significant attention in recent decades. In this paper, the problem of active vibration control of multi-degree-freedom structures is considered. Fuzzy logic controller combined with the genetic algorithm (GA) is designed to optimize the parameters of active tuned mass damper (ATMD) for the best results in reduction of the building response under earthquake excitation. The advantage of the fuzzy logic approach is the ability to handle the non-linear behavior of the system. Non-linear behavior of the soil is modeled in the dynamics of the structural system with nonlinear hysteric restoring forces. The building structure with eleven stories is modeled as a 2D frame, which uses tuned mass damper subsystems mounted on the top of the building. A structural system was simulated against the ground motion of the destructive earthquakes. The time history of the story displacements and accelerations, the control voltages and forces, and the frequency responses of both the uncontrolled and the controlled structures are shown in the end of this study. The performance of designed fuzzy logic control is checked using the changing mass parameters of each story and the results are discussed. The comparison between the proposed control and TMD passive control shows that the proposed fuzzy logic controller has great potential in active structural control.

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