Distribution of newly arrived immigrants across departments in France, by region of origin, 2017 (%)

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Region Of Origin

Region of Birth and Child Mortality among Black Migrants to South Africa: Is there a foreign-born advantage?

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany L Green ◽  
Amos C Peters
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Black Immigrants ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Region Of Origin ◽  
Child Deaths

Much of the existing evidence for the healthy immigrant advantage comes from developed countries. We investigate whether an immigrant health advantage exists in South Africa, an important emerging economy.  Using the 2001 South African Census, this study examines differences in child mortality between native-born South African and immigrant blacks.  We find that accounting for region of origin is critical: immigrants from southern Africa are more likely to experience higher lifetime child mortality compared to the native-born population.  Further, immigrants from outside of southern Africa are less likely than both groups to experience child deaths.  Finally, in contrast to patterns observed in developed countries, we detect a strong relationship between schooling and child mortality among black immigrants.

Geographic Variation in Reproductive Health Among the Black Population in the US: An Analysis of Nativity, Region of Origin, and Division of Residence

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-59
Author(s):  
Savannah Larimore ◽  
Mosi Ifatunji ◽  
Hedwig Lee ◽  
Jane Rafferty ◽  
James Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Black Population ◽  
Region Of Origin ◽  
The Us

scholarly journals Migrant status and risk of compulsory admission at first diagnosis of psychotic disorder: a population-based cohort study in Sweden

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
J. Terhune ◽  
J. Dykxhoorn ◽  
E. Mackay ◽  
A.-C. Hollander ◽  
J. B. Kirkbride ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Compulsory Admission ◽  
Migrant Status ◽  
Region Of Origin ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
National Register Data ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
First Diagnosis

Abstract Background Minority ethnic and migrant groups face an elevated risk of compulsory admission for mental illness. There are overlapping cultural, socio-demographic, and structural explanations for this risk that require further investigation. Methods By linking Swedish national register data, we established a cohort of persons first diagnosed with a psychotic disorder between 2001 and 2016. We used multilevel mixed-effects logistic modelling to investigate variation in compulsory admission at first diagnosis of psychosis across migrant and Swedish-born groups with individual and neighbourhood-level covariates. Results Our cohort included 12 000 individuals, with 1298 (10.8%) admitted compulsorily. In an unadjusted model, being a migrant [odds ratio (OR) 1.48; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.26–1.73] or child of a migrant (OR 1.27; 95% CI 1.10–1.47) increased risk of compulsory admission. However after multivariable modelling, region-of-origin provided a better fit to the data than migrant status; excess risk of compulsory admission was elevated for individuals from sub-Saharan African (OR 1.94; 95% CI 1.51–2.49), Middle Eastern and North African (OR 1.46; 95% CI 1.17–1.81), non-Nordic European (OR 1.27; 95% CI 1.01–1.61), and mixed Swedish-Nordic backgrounds (OR 1.33; 95% CI 1.03–1.72). Risk of compulsory admission was greater in more densely populated neighbourhoods [OR per standard deviation (s.d.) increase in the exposure: 1.12, 95% CI 1.06–1.18], an effect that appeared to be driven by own-region migrant density (OR per s.d. increase in exposure: 1.12; 95% CI 1.02–1.24). Conclusions Inequalities in the risk of compulsory admission by migrant status, region-of-origin, urban living and own-region migrant density highlight discernible factors which raise barriers to equitable care and provide potential targets for intervention.

scholarly journals Inequalities in psychiatric service use and mortality by migrant status following a first diagnosis of psychotic disorder: a Swedish cohort study of 1.3m people

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dafni Katsampa ◽  
Syeda F Akther ◽  
Anna-Clara Hollander ◽  
Henrik Dal ◽  
Christina Dalman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Psychiatric Service ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Migrant Status ◽  
Region Of Origin ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
First Diagnosis

Abstract It is unclear whether inequalities in mental healthcare and mortality following the onset of psychosis exist by migrant status and region-of-origin. We investigated whether (i) mortality (including by major causes of death); (ii) admission type (in- or out-patient), and; (iii) in-patient length of stay at first diagnosis for psychotic disorder presentation, and; (iv) time-to-readmission for psychotic disorder differed for refugees, non-refugee migrants and by region-of-origin. We established a cohort of 1,335,192 people born 1984-1997 and living in Sweden from 1st January 1998, followed from their 14 th birthday or arrival to Sweden, until death, emigration, or 31 December 2016.People with ICD-10 psychotic disorder (F20-33; N=9,399) were 6.7 (95%CI: 5.9-7.6) times more likely to die than the general population, but this did not vary by migrant status (p=0.15) or region-of-origin (p=0.31). This mortality gap was most pronounced for suicide (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 12.2; 95% CI: 10.4-14.4), but persisted for deaths from other external (aHR: 5.1; 95%CI: 4.0-6.4) and natural causes (aHR: 2.3; 95%CI: 1.6-3.3). Non-refugee (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.4, 95%CI: 1.2-1.6) and refugee migrants (aOR: 1.4, 95%CI: 1.1-1.8) were more likely to receive inpatient care at first diagnosis. No differences in inpatient length of stay at first diagnosis were observed. Sub-Saharan African migrants with psychotic disorder were readmitted more quickly than their Swedish-born counterparts (adjusted sub-HR: 1.2; 95%CI: 1.1-1.4). Our findings highlight the need to understand the drivers of disparities in psychosis treatment and the mortality gap experienced by all people with disorder, irrespective of migrant status or region-of-origin.

Proliferative Index in Pediatric Pilocytic Astrocytoma by Region of Origin and Prediction of Clinical Behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 395-400
Author(s):  
Albert Tu ◽  
Aaron Robison ◽  
Edward Melamed ◽  
Ian Buchanan ◽  
Omid Hariri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Proliferative Index ◽  
Region Of Origin ◽  
Clinical Behavior

scholarly journals Risk of schizophrenia, schizoaffective, and bipolar disorders by migrant status, region of origin, and age-at-migration: a national cohort study of 1.8 million people

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (14) ◽  
pp. 2354-2363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Dykxhoorn ◽  
Anna-Clara Hollander ◽  
Glyn Lewis ◽  
Cecelia Magnusson ◽  
Christina Dalman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Migrant Status ◽  
Region Of Origin ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Age At Migration ◽  
National Cohort

AbstractBackgroundWe assessed whether the risk of various psychotic disorders and non-psychotic bipolar disorder (including mania) varied by migrant status, a region of origin, or age-at-migration, hypothesizing that risk would only be elevated for psychotic disorders.MethodsWe established a prospective cohort of 1 796 257 Swedish residents born between 1982 and 1996, followed from their 15th birthday, or immigration to Sweden after age 15, until diagnosis, emigration, death, or end of 2011. Cox proportional hazards models were used to model hazard ratios by migration-related factors, adjusted for covariates.ResultsAll psychotic disorders were elevated among migrants and their children compared with Swedish-born individuals, including schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]migrants: 2.20, 95% CI 1.96–2.47; aHRchildren : 2.00, 95% CI 1.79–2.25), affective psychotic disorders (aHRmigrant1.42, 95% CI 1.25–1.63; aHRchildren: 1.22 95% CI 1.07–1.40), and other non-affective psychotic disorders (aHRmigrant: 1.97, 95% CI 1.81–2.14; aHRchildren: 1.68, 95% CI 1.54–1.83). For all psychotic disorders, risks were generally highest in migrants from Africa (i.e. aHRschizophrenia: 5.24, 95% CI 4.26–6.45) and elevated at most ages-of-migration. By contrast, risk of non-psychotic bipolar disorders was lower for migrants (aHR: 0.58, 95% CI 0.52–0.64) overall, and across all ages-of-migration except infancy (aHR: 1.20; 95% CI 1.01–1.42), while risk for their children was similar to the Swedish-born population (aHR: 1.00, 95% CI 0.93–1.08).ConclusionsIncreased risk of psychiatric disorders associated with migration and minority status may be specific to psychotic disorders, with exact risk dependent on the region of origin.

scholarly journals The Karoo Meat of Origin certification scheme: a silver bullet?

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 655-668
Author(s):  
Melissa van der Merwe ◽  
Johann F. Kirsten ◽  
Jacques H. Trienekens
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Meat Product ◽  
Region Of Origin ◽  
Certification Scheme ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
Opportunistic Behaviour ◽  
Better Regulation ◽  
To Come ◽  
Silver Bullet

The Karoo Meat of Origin certification scheme is the first certification scheme established to differentiate and protect a region of origin meat product in South Africa. Although this scheme has come a long way in protecting the value embedded in the name ‘Karoo’, many challenges and loopholes for non-compliance still exist. These challenges include opportunistic behaviour on the farmers’ side regarding the vulnerable free range claim as well as inconsistent supply and mismatched objectives of supply chain stakeholders. Because of these challenges the niche product has not yet come to its own. The purpose of this case study is threefold. Firstly, to understand the notion of Karoo Lamb as a geographical indication, and the subsequent establishment of the Karoo Meat of Origin certification scheme. Secondly, to identify and understand both the institutional and supply chain challenges that Karoo Lamb is faced with. Thirdly, to guide the certification scheme to evaluate their modus operandi for better regulation. Ultimately, the managerial decisions are expected to come full circle; if the certification scheme is better-managed consumers may be willing to pay higher premiums which might, in turn, convince farmers to become part of this prestigious certification scheme.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document