scholarly journals Criação de Inovação Local por Subsidiárias Estrangeiras a partir de Vantagens Específicas do Ambiente Subnacional

Internext ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Cristina Doritta Rodrigues ◽  
Felipe Mendes Borini ◽  
Muhammad Mustafa Raziq ◽  
Manuel Portugal Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Enterprise Surveys

Objetivo - O estudo objetiva examinar os efeitos dos fatores do ambiente subnacional brasileiro – a eficiência do ambiente competitivo subnacional e o embeddedness relacional em cada localidade subnacional - na criação de inovação local em subsidiárias estrangeiras. Método – A abordagem é quantitativa e a pesquisa baseia-se em dados primários coletados por meio de uma survey com 152 subsidiárias estrangeiras localizadas em treze Estados do Brasil e em dados secundários do World Bank Enterprise Surveys. Os dados são analisados por regressão linear múltipla. Principais resultados - Os resultados mostram que existe uma associação positiva e significante entre o ambiente competitivo subnacional e inovação local das subsidiárias. Entretanto, não é observada uma associação significativa entre o embeddedness externo subnacional e a inovação local. Além disso, os resultados mostram que as empresas que entram por meio de aquisições estão mais associadas à inovação local. Relevância/Originalidade - O estudo procura complementar o debate sobre o efeito do ambiente subnacional na inovação local das subsidiárias tendo como contexto o Brasil. A análise em nível subnacional considera a heterogeneidade institucional subnacional e revela variações que poderiam ser desconsideradas por uma análise de nível nacional. Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: Embora existam indícios do impacto do ambiente institucional na estratégia e inovação, este estudo no âmbito brasileiro avança em dois pontos. Primeiro, os estudos existentes analisam mercados desenvolvidos e mercados emergentes, porém esses últimos de forma pontual e numa realidade asiática, que apresenta uma considerável diferença do mercado latino americano e brasileiro, destacando-se as peculiaridades do ambiente subnacional brasileiro. Segundo, contribui para os estudos de Geografia Econômica reforçando que cada ambiente subnacional tem suas particularidades, conforme demonstrado na natureza das questões subnacionais no Brasil.Contribuições sociais / para a gestão: Em termos gerenciais, o estudo chama a atenção para a importância do conhecimento da dinâmica competitiva subnacional quanto à participação da economia informal e estende implicações para políticas públicas.

Determinants of credit access of small and medium enterprises in emerging economies: evidence from the World Bank enterprise surveys

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Rafael De Freitas Souza ◽  
Patrícia Belfiore ◽  
Nuno Manoel Martins Dias Fouto ◽  
Marco Aurélio Dos Santos ◽  
Luiz Paulo Fávero
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Credit Access ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Enterprise Surveys ◽  
Medium Enterprises

scholarly journals Enterprising Women in Southern Africa: When Does Land Ownership Matter?

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzana Brixiová ◽  
Thierry Kangoye ◽  
Fiona Tregenna
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Sales Growth ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Enterprise Surveys ◽  
Start Ups

AbstractLimited access to finance remains one of the major barriers for women entrepreneurs in Africa. This paper presents a model of start-ups in which firms’ sales and profits depend on their productivity and access to credit. However, due to the lack of collateral assets such as land, female entrepreneurs have more constrained access to credit than do men. Testing the model on data from the World Bank Enterprise Surveys in Eswatini, Lesotho, and Zimbabwe, we find land ownership to be important for female entrepreneurial performance in terms of sales levels. These results suggest that the small Southern African economies would benefit from removing obstacles to female land tenure and enabling financial institutions to lend against movable collateral. Although land ownership is linked with higher sales levels, it is less critical for sales growth and innovation where access to short term loans for working capital seems to be key.

scholarly journals What impedes micro, small and medium firms’ growth the most in South Africa? Evidence from World Bank Enterprise Surveys

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Mthimkhulu ◽  
M. J. Aziakpono
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Access To Finance ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Enterprise Surveys ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Medium Firms ◽  
Simple Count

The growth of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) is often regarded as a solution to persistent unemployment in developing countries. Studies have shown that access to finance is the most serious obstacle to MSMEs’ growth. This paper investigates key obstacles to the growth of MSMEs in South Africa using the World Bank Enterprise Surveys of 2003 and 2007. Two approaches are used to determine the key obstacles. The first improves on the simple count-of-ratings method used by many researchers. The second estimates the effects of obstacles on growth through sequential multivariate regressions based on the Growth Diagnostics framework by Hausmann, Rodrik & Velasco (2005) and identifies two levels of obstacles’ intensities: binding constraints with negative and significant effects and constraints with notable effects whose negative effects are significant but less than the binding. From both count- and regression-based analyses, access to finance is a relatively less important obstacle. The count-based analysis finds crime to be the top obstacle. In the regressions, ‘courts’, which refers to the efficacy of the legal system and thus related to crime, is binding. Electricity and transportation of goods are the constraints with notable effects.

scholarly journals Competition Order and Innovation Behaviors of Enterprise in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Weijun Cui ◽  
Guang Chen ◽  
Yu Fu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Corporate Innovation ◽  
Great Progress ◽  
Enterprise Surveys ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
D Investment ◽  
Innovation Behavior

This study addresses the apparent puzzle that China made great progress in mobile phone manufacturing despite weak intellectual property protection. Using the China 2012 Enterprise Surveys Data set of World Bank enterprises survey, we investigated whether competition order mattered for innovation behaviors of enterprise and mainly drew three major conclusions. First, when there are unregistered or informal competitors in the market, enterprises tend to choose innovation to improve the current situation of their own operations, and they may increase the R&D investment. Second, when the unregistered or informal competitors in the market become obstacles to the enterprise, with the rise of disorderly barriers to competition, enterprises will reduce their decision-making of innovation behavior or the intensity of R&D investment. Third, the impartiality degree of court may have a moderating effect on the relationship between competition order and corporate innovation behavior.

Determinants of credit access of small and medium enterprises in emerging economies: evidence from the World Bank enterprise surveys

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 266
Author(s):  
Marco Aurélio Dos Santos ◽  
Luiz Paulo Fávero ◽  
Nuno Manoel Martins Dias Fouto ◽  
Patrícia Belfiore ◽  
Rafael De Freitas Souza
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Credit Access ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Enterprise Surveys ◽  
Medium Enterprises

scholarly journals Predation, Protection, and Productivity: A Firm-Level Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Besley ◽  
Hannes Mueller
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Profound Impact ◽  
Output Loss ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Output Losses ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Enterprise Surveys ◽  
State Protection

This paper studies the consequences of predation when firms deploy guard labor as a means of protecting themselves. We build a simple model and combine it with data for 144 countries from the World Bank enterprise surveys, which ask about firm-level experiences with predation and spending on protection. We use the model to estimate the output loss caused by the misallocation of labor across firms and from production to protection. The loss due to protection effort is substantial and patterns of state protection at the micro level can have a profound impact on aggregate output losses. Various extensions are discussed. (JEL D22, D24, J24, K40, L84, O17)

scholarly journals Innovation and Firm-level Labour Productivity: A Comparison of Chinese and Indian Manufacturing Based on Enterprise Surveys

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-481
Author(s):  
Poulomi Bhattacharya ◽  
Badri Narayan Rath
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
China And India ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Enterprise Surveys ◽  
The Impact

This article examines the impact of innovation on labour productivity by using latest World Bank Enterprise Surveys data and compares the results between Chinese and Indian manufacturing sector. The article uses cross-section data based on two surveys that were conducted by the World Bank in 2012 and 2014 for China and India, respectively. By employing simple ordinary least squares (OLS) regression technique, we find that innovation affects the labour productivity positively for Chinese as well as Indian manufacturing firms, but its impact on firm productivity is relatively weak in case of India as compared to China. Second, other factors such as average wage of the workers, education of production workers and training do significantly boost the labour productivity of Chinese manufacturing firms as well as for Indian firms. Third, our results based on firm size also indicate that the impact of innovation activities on labour productivity is higher in case of large firms as compared to medium firms. However, innovation does not affect the labour productivity of small manufacturing firms for both China and India. In terms of policy, it is important for both Chinese and Indian manufacturing firms to keep pursuing innovation activities, in order to spur productivity, which would strengthen firms’ growth.

scholarly journals Innovation and Export Competitiveness: Evidence from Georgia Firms

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davit Sikharulidze ◽  
Vasil Kikutadze
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
World Bank Group ◽  
Export Intensity ◽  
Product Innovations ◽  
Export Competitiveness ◽  
Enterprise Surveys ◽  
Bank Group ◽  
The Impact

Innovation has long been considered an important factor for creating and maintaining the competitiveness of nations and firms. Consequently, we examine the effect of innovation on export intensity using the Enterprise Surveys from World Bank Group for Georgian firms. Results evolves that the introduction of innovations, and in particular product innovations, is an important driver of export intensity. This study is based on an analysis of research done among 360 firms from Georgia. Firms that intensively involved in the innovation process record the highest export intensity and the magnitude of the impact of innovation on export is sizeable.

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