scholarly journals American Exceptionalism in the Time of COVID-19: American National Identity-based Populism versus Cosmopolitan Global Integration Responses to Twenty-first-century Global Crises

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-34
Author(s):  
Benedict Edward DeDominicis
Author(s):  
Diane F. George

This chapter begins with the exceptionalism that pervades American discourse in the twenty-first century. Proceeding from the unsettled place produced by present-day extremes of nationalism, the author traces the roots of American exceptionalism to the post-Revolutionary period and to the efforts of the upper classes to form a national identity that would unify a fragmented country while maintaining their social position. Two ceramic items from an elite merchant household—a British transferprint plate commemorating the death of Washington and a Chinese porcelain saucer displaying an American-style eagle—are the subjects of this microscalar analysis of national identity production in New York City’s South Street Seaport after the war.


Author(s):  
Liz Harvey-Kattou

The conclusion of the book revisits and answers the initial questions described in the introduction: who or what counts as tico? How have challenged to national identity been constructed in the country? It posits that the wave of nationalist rhetoric seen globally in this second decade of the twenty-first century stems from the same processes and beliefs that created the tico norm, thus creating fierce oppositions within nations between those wanting an end to exclusionary national identities and those who want to build up their borders even further.


2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Hannah Stewart

As the Levant continues to roil in upheaval in this second decade of the twenty-first century, Lebanon, a state notorious for its history of communal dissensions, remains remarkably stable, advancing a splendid model--albeit an uneasy model--of inter-communal coexistence. Lebanon’s history as a refuge for persecuted minorities and an entrepôt of international trade, in some ways, fostered a unique culture of openness and tolerance making it an “oddity” in its neighbourhood, and contributing to the formation of what can be termed a “distinct Lebanese identity.” A glance at Lebanon’s languages, traditions, history, and culture of power-sharing, suggests that despite periods of violence, patterns of coexistence among Lebanon’s various groups have developed organically, and often logically, since the French Mandate period, and can perhaps offer a model for emulation in a Levant of fractious ethnic mosaics.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
CASIS

The purpose of this analysis is to differentiate social movements. In this instance, we will be using the hippie/counterculture movements during the 1960s and 1970s in Canada, and those that are occurring in the second decade of the twenty-first century. In particular, this analysis distinguishes right-wing extremist movements in 2016 from groups like the Hippie Movement and the Black Panther Party Movement. Specific reference will be made to contrast the social movements of the twenty-first century that are non-political in nature but are identity-based, versus movements during the 60s and 70s that were political by design and intent. Due to the non-political nature of twenty-first century Violent Transnational Social Movements, they might be characterized as fifth generation warfare, which we identify as identity-based social movements in violent conflict with other identity based social movements, this violence may be soft or hard. ‘Soft violence damages the fabric of relationships between communities as entrenches or highlights the superiority of one group over another without kinetic impact. Soft violence is harmful activities to others which stops short of physical violence’. (Kelshall, 2019) Hard violence is then recognized as when soft violence tactics result in physical violence. Insurgencies are groups that challenge and/or resist the authority of the state. There are different levels of insurgencies; and on the extreme end, there is the resistance of systemic authority.


Author(s):  
David Garland

This chapter aims to distinguish the various meanings of American exceptionalism and clarifies what we might mean when we invoke this phrase. It also discusses what the American exceptionalism concept implies for the study of crime and punishment. To begin, the chapter first presents a preliminary discussion on the concept and its meanings. It then examines American exceptionalism by means of a close analysis of a specific penal phenomenon that is often invoked as proof that the United States is, indeed, exceptional: America’s retention of capital punishment into the twenty-first century. Here, the chapter argues that while America’s current stance on capital punishment may be anomalous in international terms, it is not an instance of American exceptionalism.


Author(s):  
Emily Abrams Ansari

The conclusion begins with a consideration of the ways in which Aaron Copland’s sound has become associated with American exceptionalism in its different twenty-first-century articulations. It argues that the Cold War rebranding of Americanist music described in this book, achieved with the willing participation of Copland and many of his colleagues, made this realignment of the meaning of Copland’s music possible. It explains that the Americanists did indeed experience serialism as “tyrannous” during the 1950s, the result of music-stylistic choices becoming politicized and binarized at a time when so many choices were silently interpreted as an ideological “either/or.” In closing, the conclusion considers the larger issues surrounding musical nationalism, culture, politics, and power that the Americanists’ story raises.


Author(s):  
David McCrone

This chapter argues that Britain in 1900 was neither a state nor a nation. It also claims that ‘the scale of grievances in Scotland…is simply not sufficient’ to endanger the union and ‘if anything’ devolution has decreased them. The union may mean what one want it to mean, as Humpty Dumpty observed. The irony is that the imperial connection has in large part reinforced the contradictions of British national identity. The chapter then examines the issues of identity. It also highlights the need not to assume that issues of citizenship and nationality operate according to the same framework in different parts of the kingdom. There does not appear to be an antipathy to being British among people in Scotland, but it does not ring with pride either: hence, perhaps, the usefulness of the ‘withering away’ metaphor. In addition, there is nothing inevitable either about the survival of the union, nor about its demise.


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-361
Author(s):  
Ian Williams

Abstract This article uses the work of brand theorists and New Zealand–based cultural critics to examine the circumstances that created the “Hobbit Law,” a New Zealand law aimed at busting local film industry unions. Branding logics created a struggle for authenticity around the importance of Middle-earth to New Zealand's national identity in the twenty-first century. This hybrid identity was then articulated as something that stood against labor actions by film industry workers, culminating in citizen marches against local labor. It closes by exploring ways that the importance of the brand as sense-making tool under neoliberalism might be reconfigured as something that might bridge the gap between media consumer and creative industry worker.


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