Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Formulation With Chronic Pain

This article presents fear- and non-fear-based schemas hypothesized to be important in the development and maintenance of pain related disability. Identified schemas are based on the clinical experience of the authors and a review of the literature. Schemas are presented with the aim of increasing recognition of heterogeneity and improving case formulation and treatment planning including matching of pain problems with interventions. Two case studies are included.