Bismuth Subgallate

AbstractThere have been many attempts at identifying substances and describing methods that would assist the surgeon and be of benefit to the patient undergoing a tonsillectomy. The use of bismuth subgallate as a haemostatic adjunct during tonsillectomy has only been described previously in retrospective studies. A controlled prospective randomized trial of 100 paediatric patients, in which 50 patients had a tonsillectomy performed using bismuth subgallate as a haemostatic agent and in which the remainder did not have any associated haemostatic substance, is presented here.Data on 72 patients was analysed, 39 patients belonging to the bismuth subgallate group and the remaining 33 to the control group. The time for haemostasis was three to 18 (mean 7.8) minutes in the bismuth group. It was four to 16 (mean 9.9) minutes in the non-bismuth group. These figures are statistically significant.The range of ties used in the bismuth group was none to three (mean 1.5) ties and one to seven (mean 3.4) ties in the non-bismuth group. These figures are also statistically significant. The remainder of the recorded parameters did not differ significantly.It was found that bismuth subgallate/adrenaline paste decreases operating time by significantly reducing the haemostasis time and the number of ties required but does not decrease post-operative morbidity.

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BISMUTH SUBGALLATE POISONING

The Medical Journal of Australia ◽

10.5694/j.1326-5377.1974.tb71068.x ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 2 (18) ◽

pp. 648-649 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Keyword(s):

Bismuth Subgallate

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BISMUTH SUBGALLATE (DERMATOL) IN DERMATOLOGY

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences ◽

10.1097/00000441-189407000-00023 ◽

1894 ◽

Vol 108 (1) ◽

pp. 86

Author(s):

&NA;

Keyword(s):

Bismuth Subgallate

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Bismuth Subgallate

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences ◽

10.1097/00000441-189505000-00021 ◽

1895 ◽

Vol 109 (5) ◽

pp. 558

Author(s):

O. Wiemer

Keyword(s):

Bismuth Subgallate

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Synergistic effect of bismuth subgallate and borneol, the major components of Sulbogin®, on the healing of skin wound

Biomaterials ◽

10.1016/s0142-9612(03)00126-1 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 24 (18) ◽

pp. 3005-3012 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Lee-Min Mai ◽

Chia-Yen Lin ◽

Chia-Yen Chen ◽

Ying-Chieh Tsai

Keyword(s):

Synergistic Effect ◽

Skin Wound ◽

Bismuth Subgallate

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Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Study of Thermally Treated Bismuth Subgallate

Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications ◽

10.1155/2014/547032 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Paweł Ramos ◽

Barbara Pilawa

Keyword(s):

Free Radicals ◽

Free Radical ◽

Epr Spectroscopy ◽

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Study ◽

Strong Interactions ◽

Paramagnetic Resonance ◽

Model Free ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Bismuth Subgallate ◽

Thermal Sterilization

Complex of bismuth, an anti-inflammatory drug, was studied by EPR spectroscopy. The aim of this study was to determine concentrations and properties of free radicals formed during thermal sterilization of bismuth subgallate according to pharmacopoeia norms to optimize its sterilization process. Different temperatures (160°C, 170°C, and 180°C) and times (120 minutes, 60 minutes, and 30 minutes) of sterilization were used. Interactions of bismuth subgallate with DPPH, the model free radical reference, were checked.g-Factors, amplitudes (A), integral intensities (I), and linewidths (ΔBpp) were obtained. Integral intensities were obtained by double integration of the first-derivative EPR lines. The influence of microwave power in the range of 2.2–70 mW on shape and parameters of the EPR spectra was examined. Thermal sterilization produced free radicals in bismuth subgallate in all tested cases. Strong interactions with free radicals were pointed out for all the analysed samples containing bismuth independent of sterilization conditions. Optimal conditions of thermal sterilization for bismuth subgallate with the lowest free radical formation are temperature 170°C and time of heating 60 minutes. Strong dipolar interactions exist in thermally sterilized bismuth subgallate. EPR spectroscopy is a useful method of examination of thermal sterilization conditions.

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Bismuth Subgallate–Epinephrine Paste in Adenotonsillectomies

Annals of Pharmacotherapy ◽

10.1345/aph.19216 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 522-525 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Randy C Hatton

Keyword(s):

Active Ingredient ◽

Science Citation Index ◽

Citation Index ◽

Postoperative Bleeding ◽

Data Sources ◽

Data Synthesis ◽

Search Terms ◽

Bismuth Subgallate ◽

Minimal Evidence

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of bismuth subgallate–epinephrine (BSE) paste as a hemostatic in adenotonsillectomies. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE (January 1966–October 1999) and Current Contents (January 1997–October 1999) were searched, using bismuth subgallate, adenoidectomy, tonsillectomy, and adenotonsillectomy as search terms. A citation search was performed using Science Citation Index (January 1977–October 1999). DATA SYNTHESIS: Adenotonsillectomies are common procedures; although there are few complications, hemorrhage is a concern. Bismuth subgallate has historically been used as an astringent and hemostatic. An evaluation of studies of bismuth subgallate and BSE paste was conducted. CONCLUSIONS: There is minimal evidence to support this practice, but data suggest that epinephrine may be the active ingredient in BSE paste. BSE paste is inexpensive, poses little risk, and may decrease postoperative bleeding; therefore, it may be a reasonable hemostatic agent.

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