IDENTIFICATION OF COMPOUNDS ASSOCIATED WITH TESTOSTERONE DEPRESSIONS IN FISH EXPOSED TO BLEACHED KRAFT PULP AND PAPER MILL CHEMICAL RECOVERY CONDENSATES

The effectiveness of the two biological treatment systems operating at a New Zealand bleached kraft softwood integrated pulp and paper mill was assessed. The two systems operate in different configurations. Treatment system A, which receives general mill wastewaters and chlorination stage bleaching discharges utilises deep, aerated lagoons and has a 4.5 day retention time. Treatment system B, which receives alkali extraction bleaching wastewaters and foul condensates, uses a lagoon system with a retention time of 45 days. Detailed chemical analyses of the untreated and treated wastewaters were made. Mass balances were calculated for a range of physical parameters and for specific chlorinated and non-chlorinated organic constituents. Significant differences in the treatability of various constituents were found. In particular, while system A was able to reduce levels of AOX by 65%, no significant reduction in AOX occurred in system B. In contrast, system B reduced levels of chloroacetic acids by 84% while system A did not achieve any statistically significant removal of these compounds. The treatability of chlorophenolic compounds also differed. System A was unable to remove chlorophenols and chloroguaiacols while system B did not reduce levels of chlorocatechols. These results confirm that the treatability of bleached kraft pulp and paper mill wastewater constituents is dependent upon the characteristics of the treatment systems and the compositions of the wastewaters.

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Removal and Transformation of Resin Acids during Secondary Treatment at a New Zealand Bleached Kraft Pulp and Paper Mill

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1994.0706 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 29 (5-6) ◽

pp. 105-121 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

J. A. Zender ◽

T. R. Stuthridge ◽

A. G. Langdon ◽

A. L. Wilkins ◽

K. L. Mackie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Kraft Pulp ◽

Resin Acid ◽

Paper Mill ◽

Transformation Products ◽

Pulp And Paper ◽

Resin Acids ◽

Treatment System ◽

Effluent Treatment ◽

Pulp And Paper Mill ◽

Bleached Kraft Pulp

Investigations were undertaken on a full scale lagoon treatment system receiving effluents from a bleached kraft pulp and paper mill which processed softwoods. The system was examined over four phases, including lagoons, aerobic transport channels and the recipient discharge point to determine the removal efficiency of resin acids during effluent treatment. The total treatment system removed 96% of the influent resin acids. The major compounds remaining after treatment were abietic acid, dehydroabietic acid, and a variety of hydrogenated resin acid transformation products. Each section of the treatment system differed in its ability to remove the major classes of resin acids. For example, the average removal rates for resin acids within the first phase lagoons and of the channel leaving the lagoons were 1.2 and 17 g.kg-1 VSS.day-1, respectively. A pathway for the biodegradation and biotransformation of influent resin acids is proposed on the basis of the observed changes in effluent composition through the treatment system.

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