scholarly journals In Vitro Culture of Elite Sugarcane Cultivar (Saccharum spp) by Shoot Apical Meristem and Effect of Plant Hormones on Shoot Regeneration

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1279-1286
Author(s):  
R. Anitha ◽  
M. Shanmuganathan ◽  
M. JayachandranJayachandran
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Plant Hormones ◽  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Sugarcane Cultivar ◽  
Saccharum Spp

TWO TYPES OF ALBUGO-INDUCED GALLS ON IPOMOEA PENTAPHYLLA AND THEIR MORPHOGENETIC INTERPRETATION

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 535-540
Author(s):  
Hardev Singh ◽  
Krishna Bedi
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
Distinct Morphology

Ipomoea pentaphylla Jacq. is a twining, hirsute annual. After infection by Albugo ipomoeae-panduranae (Schw.) Swingle, two types of galls develop on the stem—bud and cerebriform. The bud gall originates from an infected bud while the cerebriform gall arises from the internode. The two types are distinct from each other in their morphology, anatomy, rate of development, and morphogenesis. The bud gall is of the organoid type while the cerebriform gall is of the histioid type. Tissues of the bud gall grown under in vitro conditions give rise to a structure like the cerebriform gall. The very distinct morphology of the two types has been interpreted on the basis of the possible organizing influence of the shoot apical meristem.

scholarly journals In Vitro Culture of Heuchera villosa ‘Caramel’

HortScience ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 622-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Q. Zhao ◽  
Qing H. He ◽  
Li L. Song ◽  
Mei F. Hou ◽  
Zhi G. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Shoot Induction ◽  
Induction Rate ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

The procedure for Heuchera villosa ‘Caramel’ propagation was investigated, which involves shoot regeneration, rooting of regenerated shoots, and acclimation of regenerated plantlets. Petioles, as explants, were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1-naphthylacetic acid (NAA), benzylaminopurine (BA), thidiazuron (TDZ) and callus formed on all media. Shoots were observed to proliferate from callus on media with BA and NAA, whereas no shoots regenerated on media with TDZ and NAA. On media containing 0.5 or 1.0 mg·L−1 BA in combination with NAA, the regenerated shoots showed severe hyperhydricity, whereas on media containing 0.1 mg·L−1 BA in combination with NAA, the regenerated shoots grew normally. The highest shoot induction rate, 90.6%, was obtained on media containing 0.1 mg·L−1 BA and 0.01 mg·L−1 NAA. The effects of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), and NAA on rooting of H. villosa ‘Caramel’ was explored. The highest rooting rate (95%) was obtained on 1/2 MS medium containing 0.2 mg·L−1 NAA. In the subsequent acclimation experiments, about 85% of rooted plantlets survived and grew normally.

scholarly journals The regeneration potential of promising winter common wheat lines in shoot apical meristem culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 298-303
Author(s):  
S. V. Pykalo ◽  
O. A. Demydov ◽  
T. V. Yurchenko ◽  
N. I. Prokopik ◽  
O. V. Humeniuk
Keyword(s):  
Common Wheat ◽  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Meristem Culture ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Regeneration Potential ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Wheat Lines

Aim. To investigate the regenerative ability of promising winter common wheat lines in shoot apical meristem culture. Methods. Plant tissue culture methods, statistical evaluation of data. Results. The processes of morphogenesis in culture of apical meristem of 3-days seedlings of lines of winter common wheat were investigated and it was established that the frequency of callusogenesis and shoot regeneration in the studied forms is determined by the genotype of explant. Two types of callus with morphophysiological properties were identified: morphogenic and nonmorphogenic callus. The formation of regenerated plants from wheat calli took place through both gemmorizogenesis and somatic embryogenesis. Conclusions. The line Erytrospermum 60068 was characterized the highest regeneration potential and it can be recommended for further biotechnology of wheat. Obtained technology of vigorous regenerated plant production of winter common wheat lines in shoot apical meristem culture can be used in cell selection and genetic engineering experiments. Keywords: winter common wheat, apical meristem, genotype, callus, shoot regeneration.

scholarly journals Pengaruh TDZ terhadap induksi embrio somatik sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) pada tiga metode kultur berbeda (Effect of TDZ on the somatic embryo induction of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) in three different culture methods)

2018 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imron Riyadi ◽  
Darda EFENDI ◽  
Bambang S PURWOKO ◽  
Djoko SANTOSO
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryo ◽  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Embryogenic Callus ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Sago Palm ◽  
Callus Differentiation ◽  
Metroxylon Sagu

AbstractA right combination of cytokinin is able to support the process of callus differentiation to somatic embryo formation in plant somatic embryogenesis. Liquid culture application could increase the efficiency of in vitro culture process on plants. This research aimed to determine the best concentration of TDZ combined with kinetin for callus differentiation to  somatic embryo of sago palm on three culture methods. Plant material used was embryogenic callus derived from tips meristem culture from sucker of Alitir sago palm. Callus was cultured on modified MS media added with: 0.0, 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/L TDZ combined with 0.5 mg/L kinetin for 12 weeks with subcultures every 6 weeks. Three culture methods used were suspension, temporary immersion system (TIS), and solid media. There were 12 treatments with 4 replicates. The results showed that the highest number of somatic embryos was achieved on TIS culture with 1.0 mg/L TDZ and 0.5 mg/L kinetin in 6 weeks (167.3 embryos/flask) and 12 weeks (389.2 embryos/flask) with its fresh weight of 18.4 g and 29.1 g, respectively. The highset survival rate in final culture (12 weeks) was achieved on TIS culture with 1.0 mg/L TDZ and 0.5 mg/L kinetin (100%). The shortest time for somatic embryos expression was achieved on TIS culture with 1.0 mg/L TDZ and 0.5 mg/L kinetin in two weeks after culture. Histological analysis of early-stage somatic embryos showed the presence of dense and compact cellular arrangements which formed growth spot axis for shoot or SAM (shoot apical meristem) and root or RAM (root apical meristem) that connected each other. [Key words: culture method, embryogenic callus, Metroxylon sagu Rottb., kinetin, sago palm, TDZ]   AbstrakAplikasi kombinasi sitokinin yang tepat dapat mendorong proses diferensiasi kalus membentuk embrio somatik pada proses embriogenesis somatik tanaman. Penggunaan metode kultur cair dapat meningkatkan efisiensi proses kultur in vitro tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi TDZ terbaik dikombinasikan dengan kinetin dalam proses diferensiasi kalus membentuk embrio somatik tanaman sagu pada tiga metode kultur. Bahan tanam penelitian  berupa kalus embriogenik tanaman sagu asal kultur meristem pucuk dari anakan sagu jenis Alitir. Kalus dikulturkan pada media modifikasi dengan penambahan  TDZ dengan konsentrasi 0,1; 0,5; dan 1,0 mg/L dikombinasikan dengan kinetin 0,5 mg/L selama 12 minggu yang disubkultur pada umur 6 minggu. Metode kultur yang digunakan terdiri atas tiga macam yaitu: kultur suspensi, sistem perendaman sesaat (SPS) dan media padat. Perlakuan terdiri atas 12 kombinasi perlakuan dengan empat ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rerata jumlah embrio somatik tertinggi dicapai pada perlakuan metode kultur SPS dengan TDZ 1,0 mg/L baik pada umur kultur 6 minggu (167,3 buah) maupun umur 12 minggu (389,2 buah). Rerata bobot segar tertinggi juga diperoleh pada perlakuan metode kultur SPS dengan TDZ 1,0 mg/L  pada umur kultur 6 minggu (18,4 g) dan  12 minggu (29,1 g). Rerata daya hidup kultur akhir (12 minggu) tertinggi  sebesar 100% diperoleh pada perlakuan SPS. Induksi embrio somatik  tercepat yakni setelah  dua minggu diperoleh pada  metode kultur SPS dengan TDZ 1,0 mg/L dikombinasikan dengan kinetin 0,5 mg/L. Analisis histologi embrio somatik stadium awal  menunjukkan adanya susunan sel yang rapat dan kompak yang menyusun semacam poros atau berkas titik tumbuh tunas atau SAM (shoot apical meristem) maupun akar atau RAM (root apical mersitem) yang saling terhubung.[Kata kunci: kalus embriogenik, metode kultur, kinetin, TDZ, sagu, Metroxylon sagu]

scholarly journals Effect of plant hormones on the in vitro culture of breadfruit shoots (Artocarpus altilis (Park.) Fosberg)

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
Suong Thi Tuyet Ha ◽  
Mai Thi Bach Vo
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Plant Hormones ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Shoot Development ◽  
Endogenous Hormones ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Artocarpus Altilis

Under the influence of plant hormones, after 8 weeks of in vitro culture, the growth of breadfruit shoot (Artocarpus altilis (Park.) Fosberg) was very different. With shoots that were cultured on 1 mg/L BA medium after 10 days of being transferred to ½ MS supplemented with 10 mg/L BA medium, the percentage of shoot development was the highest (86.8 %), and the secretion of phenolic compounds or forming callus were not observed. On the ½ MS supplemented with 12 mg/L BA medium, shoots growed strongly and healthily but the secretion of phenolic compounds and the forming of callus affected the ability of the shoot development. On the ½ MS supplemented with 0.45 mg/L BA, 0.6 mg/L Kinetin (Kin) medium and on the ½ MS supplemented with 0.45 mg/L BA, 0.6 mg/L Kin, 0.35 mg/L GA3 medium, the percentage of shoot developed were lower than those on the ½ MS supplemented with 10 mg/L medium. The addition of 0.35 mg/L GA3 in the culture medium help to appear the lateral more than the remaining experiments. Roles of respiration rate and endogenous hormones were discussed to understand the physiological changes in the in vitro culture shoots breadfruit.

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