scholarly journals Examining the Role of the Noradrenergic Locus Coeruleus for 2 Predicting Attention and Brain Maintenance in Healthy Old Age 3 and Disease: An MRI Structural Study for the Alzheimer’s Disease 4 Neuroimaging Initiative

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Raffaele Giuliano Plini ◽  
Erik O'Hanlon ◽  
Rory Boyle ◽  
Francesca Sibilia ◽  
Gaia Rikhye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Locus Coeruleus ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Cognitive Stimulation ◽  
Noradrenergic System ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Biological Index ◽  
Attentional Performance ◽  
Brain Maintenance

The noradrenergic theory of Cognitive Reserve (Robertson, 2013-2014) postulates that the upregulation of the Locus Coeruleus - Noradrenergic System (LC-NA) originating in the Brainstem might facilitate cortical networks involved in attention, and protracted activation of this system throughout the lifespan may enhance cognitive stimulation contributing to Reserve. To test the above-mentioned theory, a study was conducted on a sample of 686 participants (395 controls, 156 Mild Cognitive Impairment, 135 Alzheimer’s Disease) investigating the relationship between LC volume, attentional performance and a biological index of brain maintenance (BrainPAD – an objective measure which compares an individual’s structural brain health, reflected by their voxel-wise grey matter density, to the state typically expected at that individual’s age). Further analyses were carried out on Reserve indices including education and occupational attainment. Volumetric variation across groups was also explored along with gender differences. Control analyses on the Serotoninergic (5-HT), Dopaminergic (DA) and Cholinergic (Ach) systems were contrasted with the Noradrenergic (NA) hypothesis. The antithetic relationships were also tested across the neuromodulatory subcortical systems.Results supported by bayesian modelling showed that LC volume disproportionately predicted higher attentional performance as well as biological brain maintenance across the three groups. These findings lend support to the role of the noradrenergic system as a key mediator underpinning the neuropsychology of Reserve, and they suggest that early prevention strategies focused on the noradrenergic system (e.g. cognitive-attentive training, physical exercise, pharmacological and dietary interventions) may yield important clinical benefits to mitigate cognitive impairment with age and disease.

scholarly journals Examining the Role of the Noradrenergic Locus Coeruleus for 2 Predicting Attention and Brain Maintenance in Healthy Old Age 3 and Disease: An MRI Structural Study for the Alzheimer’s Disease 4 Neuroimaging Initiative

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Raffaele Giuliano Plini ◽  
Erik O'Hanlon ◽  
Rory Boyle ◽  
Francesca Sibilia ◽  
Gaia Rikhye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Locus Coeruleus ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Cognitive Stimulation ◽  
Noradrenergic System ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Biological Index ◽  
Attentional Performance ◽  
Brain Maintenance

The noradrenergic theory of Cognitive Reserve (Robertson, 2013-2014) postulates that the upregulation of the Locus Coeruleus - Noradrenergic System (LC-NA) originating in the Brainstem might facilitate cortical networks involved in attention, and protracted activation of this system throughout the lifespan may enhance cognitive stimulation contributing to Reserve. To test the above-mentioned theory, a study was conducted on a sample of 686 participants (395 controls, 156 Mild Cognitive Impairment, 135 Alzheimer’s Disease) investigating the relationship between LC volume, attentional performance and a biological index of brain maintenance (BrainPAD – an objective measure which compares an individual’s structural brain health, reflected by their voxel-wise grey matter density, to the state typically expected at that individual’s age). Further analyses were carried out on Reserve indices including education and occupational attainment. Volumetric variation across groups was also explored along with gender differences. Control analyses on the Serotoninergic (5-HT), Dopaminergic (DA) and Cholinergic (Ach) systems were contrasted with the Noradrenergic (NA) hypothesis. The antithetic relationships were also tested across the neuromodulatory subcortical systems.Results supported by bayesian modelling showed that LC volume disproportionately predicted higher attentional performance as well as biological brain maintenance across the three groups. These findings lend support to the role of the noradrenergic system as a key mediator underpinning the neuropsychology of Reserve, and they suggest that early prevention strategies focused on the noradrenergic system (e.g. cognitive-attentive training, physical exercise, pharmacological and dietary interventions) may yield important clinical benefits to mitigate cognitive impairment with age and disease.

scholarly journals Examining the Role of the Noradrenergic Locus Coeruleus for Predicting Attention and Brain Maintenance in Healthy Old Age, Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease: An MRI Structural Study On the Adni Cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Raffaele Giuliano Plini ◽  
Erik O'Hanlon ◽  
Rory Boyle ◽  
Francesca Sibilia ◽  
Gaia Rikhye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Locus Coeruleus ◽  
Cognitive Stimulation ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Noradrenergic System ◽  
Biological Index ◽  
Attentional Performance ◽  
Brain Maintenance

The Noradrenergic Theory of Cognitive Reserve (Robertson, 2013-2014) postulates that the up-regulation of the Locus Coeruleus - Noradrenergic System (LC-NA) originating in the brainstem might facilitate cortical networks involved in attention, and protracted activation of this system throughout the lifespan may enhance cognitive stimulation contributing to Reserve. To test this theory, a study was conducted on a sample of 686 participants (395 Controls, 156 Mild Cognitive Impairment, 135 Alzheimer’s Disease) investigating the relationship between LC vol-ume, attentional performance and a biological index of brain maintenance (BrainPAD – a measure which compares an individual’s structural brain health, reflected by their voxel-wise grey matter density, to the state typically expected at that individual’s age). Further analyses were carried out on reserve indices including education and occupational attainment. Volumetric variation across groups was also explored. Control analyses on the Serotoninergic (5-HT), Dopaminergic (DA) and Cholinergic (Ach) systems were contrasted with the Noradrenergic hypothesis. Results showed that LC volume disproportionately predicted higher attentional performance as well as biological brain maintenance the three groups. These findings lend support to the role of the noradrenergic system as a key mediator underpinning the neuropsychology of Reserve, and they suggest that early prevention strategies focused on upregulation of the noradrenergic system (e.g. attention training, physical exercise and pharmacological intervention) may yield important clin-ical benefits to mitigate cognitive impairment with age and disease.

scholarly journals The role of the descending noradrenergic system derived from the nucleus locus coeruleus in vesical function

1986 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Naoki Yoshimura ◽  
Yukihiro Ohno ◽  
Masashi Sasa ◽  
Shuji Takaori
Keyword(s):  
Locus Coeruleus ◽  
Noradrenergic System

scholarly journals New Insights into the Role of the Locus Coeruleus-Noradrenergic System in Memory and Perception Dysfunction

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
O. Eschenko ◽  
P. B. Mello-Carpes ◽  
N. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Locus Coeruleus ◽  
Noradrenergic System

scholarly journals Effects of Nutrition on Cognitive Function in Adults with or without Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3728
Author(s):  
Laia Gutierrez ◽  
Alexandre Folch ◽  
Melina Rojas ◽  
José Luis Cantero ◽  
Mercedes Atienza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Dietary Counseling ◽  
Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
The Impact

New dietary approaches for the prevention of cognitive impairment are being investigated. However, evidence from dietary interventions is mainly from food and nutrient supplement interventions, with inconsistent results and high heterogeneity between trials. We conducted a comprehensive systematic search of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in MEDLINE-PubMed, from January 2018 to July 2021, investigating the impact of dietary counseling, as well as food-based and dietary supplement interventions on cognitive function in adults with or without cognitive impairment. Based on the search strategy, 197 eligible publications were used for data abstraction. Finally, 61 articles were included in the analysis. There was reasonable evidence that dietary patterns, as well as food and dietary supplements improved cognitive domains or measures of brain integrity. The Mediterranean diet showed promising results, whereas the role of the DASH diet was not clear. Healthy food consumption improved cognitive function, although the quality of these studies was relatively low. The role of dietary supplements was mixed, with strong evidence of the benefits of polyphenols and combinations of nutrients, but with low evidence for PUFAs, vitamin D, specific protein, amino acids, and other types of supplements. Further well-designed RCTs are needed to guide the development of dietary approaches for the prevention of cognitive impairment.

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