Abstract
Objectives: To investigate whether women infected with the hepatitis B virus affects the outcomes of assisted reproductive technology (ART). Methods：A total of 1542 HBV infected women, and the same number of non-infected age-matched women undergoing fresh ART treatments. All male partners were without any history of HBV infection. Three groups were defined: HBV-positive, HBeAg/preS1-positive, and HBV-negative. Pregnancy outcomes were evaluated and compared using multivariate logistic regression analysis to control for confounding factors.Results: No difference was observed in the live birth rate among couples according to HBV status; that is, women were HBsAg- or HBeAg/preS1-seropositive, or both partners were HBsAg-seronegative (35.29%, 32.79%, and 34.27%, respectively; P < 0.05). After multivariate modeling to adjust for the possible confounding variables, the live birth rate still did not differ significantly between the HBV-positive group or the HBeAg/preS1-positive group and the HBV-negative group (adjusted OR 1.11, 95% CI 0.93−1.32 and adjusted OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.83−1.25, respectively). Furthermore, no differences were found in clinical pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate, birth weight, low birth weight rate, preterm rate or ovarian responses among the three groups. The incidence of secondary infertility and tubal factor infertility in women who were HBsAg- or HBeAg/preS1-seropositive was significantly higher than that in women without HBV infection. Conclusions: HBV infection in women was associated with a higher risk of secondary infertility and tubal factor infertility, but has no significant impact on pregnancy outcomes and ovarian responses in HBsAg-seropositive women as compared with HBsAg-seronegative women, irrespective of their serum HBeAg and preS1 status.
The value of transvaginal 4-dimensional hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography in predicting the necessity of assisted reproductive technology for women with tubal factor infertility
