A New Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Species of Ostracoda (Crustacea) from the Western Pacific: Implications for Adaptation, Endemism, and Dispersal of Ostracodes in Chemosynthetic Systems

A new Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, non-motile and rod-shaped actinobacterium, designated O1T, was isolated from a deep-sea sediment of the Western Pacific Ocean. Strain O1T showed optimal growth at 30 °C, between pH 6.0 and 8.0, and in the presence of 1–5 % (w/v) NaCl. The predominant menaquinone was MK-8 (H2), and anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 were the major fatty acids. The diagnostic diamino acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan was meso-diaminopimelic acid. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and one unknown glycolipid. The DNA G+C content of strain O1T was 64.9 mol% and the genome size was 4.17 Mb. Based on a similarity search and phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence, strain O1T belonged to the genus Brevibacterium . The values of average nucleotide identity and in silico DNA–DNA hybridization between strain O1T and its close relatives were well below the thresholds used for the delineation of a new species. On the basis of the morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, as well as the genotypic data, it is proposed that strain O1T represents a novel species of the genus Brevibacterium , for which the name Brevibacterium profundi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is O1T (=JCM 33845T=MCCC 1A16744T).

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Corrigendum to “Diversity and connectivity of microeukaryote communities across multiple habitats from intertidal zone to deep-sea floor in the Western Pacific Ocean” [Deep-Sea Res. I 165 (2020) 103395]

Deep Sea Research Part I Oceanographic Research Papers ◽

10.1016/j.dsr.2020.103435 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 103435

Author(s):

Feng Zhao ◽

Chunsheng Wang ◽

Kuidong Xu ◽

Pingping Huang ◽

Tong Zhou

Keyword(s):

Pacific Ocean ◽

Deep Sea ◽

Intertidal Zone ◽

Western Pacific ◽

Western Pacific Ocean ◽

Sea Floor ◽

The Western Pacific

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Quantifying dispersal from hydrothermal vent fields in the western Pacific Ocean

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.1518395113 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 113 (11) ◽

pp. 2976-2981 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Satoshi Mitarai ◽

Hiromi Watanabe ◽

Yuichi Nakajima ◽

Alexander F. Shchepetkin ◽

James C. McWilliams

Keyword(s):

Gene Flow ◽

Pacific Ocean ◽

Hydrothermal Vent ◽

Larval Dispersal ◽

Marine Conservation ◽

Western Pacific ◽

Biophysical Model ◽

Plate Boundaries ◽

Western Pacific Ocean ◽

The Western Pacific

Hydrothermal vent fields in the western Pacific Ocean are mostly distributed along spreading centers in submarine basins behind convergent plate boundaries. Larval dispersal resulting from deep-ocean circulations is one of the major factors influencing gene flow, diversity, and distributions of vent animals. By combining a biophysical model and deep-profiling float experiments, we quantify potential larval dispersal of vent species via ocean circulation in the western Pacific Ocean. We demonstrate that vent fields within back-arc basins could be well connected without particular directionality, whereas basin-to-basin dispersal is expected to occur infrequently, once in tens to hundreds of thousands of years, with clear dispersal barriers and directionality associated with ocean currents. The southwest Pacific vent complex, spanning more than 4,000 km, may be connected by the South Equatorial Current for species with a longer-than-average larval development time. Depending on larval dispersal depth, a strong western boundary current, the Kuroshio Current, could bridge vent fields from the Okinawa Trough to the Izu-Bonin Arc, which are 1,200 km apart. Outcomes of this study should help marine ecologists estimate gene flow among vent populations and design optimal marine conservation plans to protect one of the most unusual ecosystems on Earth.

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