scholarly journals PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS OF CACAO: THE EFFECT OF EXPLANT TYPES AND PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Nur Ajijah ◽  
Rr Sri Hartati
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Explant Type ◽  
Salt Medium ◽  
Basal Salt Medium ◽  
Secondary Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Primary Somatic Embryo

<p class="abstrakinggris">The success of cacao somatic embryogenesis is affected by many factors, including the basal salt medium, the genotype, the explant type, and the concentration and composition of plant growth regulators (PGRs). The study aimed to evaluate the effects of PGRs composition on the primary somatic embryo (PSE) response and the effect of explant type and PGRs composition used in inducing PSE on the secondary somatic embryogenesis (SSE) response. PSEs were induced from basal petal and staminoid explants of MCC 01 and MCC 02 clones on DKW medium containing 2,4-D 2 mg l<sup>-1 </sup>+ kinetin 0.5 mg l<sup>-1</sup> or 2,4-D 2 mg l<sup>-1</sup> + kinetin 0.125 – 0.250 mg l<sup>-1</sup> + thidiazuron (TDZ) 2.5 – 5 µg l<sup>-1</sup> or 2,4-D 2 mg l<sup>-1</sup> + TDZ 10 µg l<sup>-1</sup>. Genotype, explant type, and PGR composition dependently affected PSE response. The best PSE response was obtained from staminoid explant of MCC 02 clone on medium containing 2,4-D 2 mg l<sup>-1</sup> + kinetin 0.5 mg l<sup>-1</sup> (20%, 9 embryos). The explant type and PGR composition used in inducing PSEs affect the SSE response. The highest  SSE response of MCC 01 clone was obtained from petal explant with medium containing 2,4-D 2 mg l<sup>-1</sup> + kinetin 0.5 mg l<sup>-1</sup>. The formation of SSEs could increase the multiplication rate of MCC 01 clone by 7 times.</p>

Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Development in Eight Cultivars of Pecan

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 573-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.E. Yates ◽  
C.C. Reilly
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Carya Illinoensis ◽  
Appreciable Variation

The influence of stage of fruit development and plant growth regulators on somatic embryogenesis and the relation of cultivar response on somatic embryogenesis and subsequent plant development have been investigated in eight cultivars of pecan [Carya illinoensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch]. Explants from the micropylar region of the ovule were more embryogenic when removed from fruits in the liquid endosperm stage than were intact ovules from less-mature fruits or from cotyledonary segments of more-mature fruits. Explants conditioned on medium containing auxin alone or auxin + cytokinin produced more somatic embryos than medium containing cytokinin alone. Under the conditions of this study, frequency of embryogenesis, as well as the germination of somatic embryos leading to plant development, indicated appreciable variation among cultivars. Plant development was greatest by far from somatic embryos of `Schley' than other cultivars studied.

scholarly journals Effect of the combination of NAA, kinetin and sucrose on the induction of somatic embryogenesis in lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hernando Criollo ◽  
Margarita Perea ◽  
Mariano Toribio ◽  
Johanna Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Plant Propagation ◽  
Cotyledonary Leaf

Lulo is a species of great importance to the fruticulture of Colombia, but has significant phytosanitary problems that require an aggressive breeding program oriented toward the production of genotypes with tolerance to phytopathogens. These programs need to establish highly efficient mass plant propagation protocols, such as somatic embryogenesis. This study focused on research on the somatic embryogenesis of lulo using kinetin, naphthalene acetic acid-NAA (Plant Growth Regulators, PGRs), and different sucrose concentrations in a MS medium. Two lulo varieties, Solanum quitoense var. septentrionale and S. quitoense var. quitoense, and two explant types (hypocotyl and cotyledon) were used, incubated in dark conditions at 25±2°C. The highest production percentage of the embryos was obtained when 50 mM of NAA were added to the medium with sucrose (50.0 and 263.1 mM) for the two explant types used. In lulo with spines, the highest percentage of embryonic structures (50%) was observed with cotyledonary leaf explants and 50 mM of NAA ; while in the spineless lulo, the embryonic structures were observed in the same type of explant with 50 mM of NAA + 263.1 mM of sucrose (32%).

scholarly journals Somatic embryogenesis in carrot without plant growth regulators.

1989 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajime FURUKAWA ◽  
Chihiro MATSUBARA ◽  
Norihiro SHIGEMATSU
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Livingstone Potato (Plectranthus esculentus N.E.Br)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
G. T. Kujeke ◽  
T. C. Chitendera ◽  
R. T. Masekesa ◽  
U. Mazarura ◽  
E. Ngadze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Explant Type ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Two Factors

Livingstone potato (Plectranthus esculentus N.E.Br) is an underutilised indigenous root vegetable grown by communal farmers in the eastern provinces of Zimbabwe. It is vegetatively propagated using unimproved retained tubers from the previous season. The risk of disease carryover is therefore high, leading to poor yields. The objective of the study was to exploit the tissue culture technique of micropropagation to produce a mass supply of healthy planting material for improved productivity. Two experiments were conducted: firstly, to determine the best explant type and secondly, to determine the best landrace and plant growth regulators for the growth of plantlets. The landraces, namely, Ndurwe, Musande, Chibanda, and Chizambezi, were sourced from communal farmers in the stated production areas. Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and benzyl amino purine (BAP) were the auxin and cytokinin used, respectively. The first experiment was laid out as a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two factors: landrace and explant type (shoot tips, nodes, and leaves). After culturing the explants on a plain Murashige Skoog (MS) medium for ten weeks, the best explant was the node with regards to the number of nodes, shoots, and roots of the plantlets which were significant (P<0.05). The second experiment was laid out as a RCBD with two factors: landraces and the plant growth regulator combinations. The nodes were subcultured on an MS medium supplemented with the 16 combinations of plant growth regulators (0 mg/l, 0.5 mg/l, 1 mg/l, and 2 mg/l BAP concentrations: 0 mg/l, 0.2 mg/l, 0.5 mg/l, and 1 mg/l NAA concentrations), respectively. Chizambezi performed best and is, therefore, highly recommended for the rapid multiplication of Livingstone potato. Results from this study have clearly demonstrated that the addition of NAA: BAP at varying concentrations was significant and is essential for optimizing the growth media for micropropagation of Livingstone potato in Zimbabwe. Commercial production of plantlets can, therefore, be carried out to provide healthy planting material for the communal farmers for improved productivity while preserving the germplasm of the underutilised crop at the same time.

scholarly journals Effect of picloram, additives and plant growth regulators on somatic embryogenesis of Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene

2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Bakrudeen Ali Ahmed ◽  
Adhikarla Suryanarayana Rao ◽  
Mandali Venkateswara Rao ◽  
Rosna Mat Taha
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators
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