Sickle cell anemia, Aplastic crisis with Parvovirus B19 Infection

Abstract Background Parvovirus B19 is the causative agent for erythema infectiosum, and also as a potentially life-threatening infectious agent, it is mainly presented in high erythrocyte turnover patients. Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited monogenic hematological disorder resulting from the mutations in the hemoglobin β-chain gene. Thalassemia is a hereditary hematological syndrome that happens in consequence of deficiencies in the production of one or more globin chains. We summarize current knowledge about the prevalence rates of the parvovirus B19 infection in sickle cell anemia and thalassemia patients. Methods Several online databases were searched including, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and PubMed, which were performed amidst 2009–2019 by using distinct keywords: “Thalassemia,” “Parvovirus,” “Anemia,” “Sickle cell anemia,” “parvoviridae,” “parvoviridae infection,” and “parvovirus B19.” Results Search results indicated 4 and 7 studies for the prevalence of the parvovirus B19 in β-thalassemia and SCD, respectively. Among the β-thalassemia patients, the B19V seroprevalence for IgG and IgM were ranged from 18.2–81% and 14.5–41.1%, respectively; meanwhile, B19V DNA positively results was 4–15.3%. Moreover, in the SCD group, the extent of B19V IgG was varied from 37.6 to 65.9% and that of IgM was in a range of 2.9–30%, and the DNA detection rate was 4–54%. Conclusion B19V seroprevalence changes in several conditions including, different epidemiological features, socio-economic status, and overpopulation. Age can expand the incidence of anti-B19V IgG/IgM in SCD and beta-thalassemia patients. Reinfection and diverse genotypes are relevant factors in the seroprevalence of B19v. The patients’ immunological-hematological station and higher abundance of transfusions can affect the B19V seroprevalence in SCD and beta-thalassemia group. Further investigations in this field could be suggested to better understand the virus distribution in this susceptible population of patients.

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Molecular and serological assessment of parvovirus B19 infections among sickle cell anemia patients

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ◽

10.3855/jidc.1807 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 5 (07) ◽

pp. 535-539 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Obeid E Obeid

Keyword(s):

Sickle Cell ◽

Sickle Cell Anemia ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Parvovirus B19 ◽

Control Group ◽

Viral Dna ◽

Igm Antibodies ◽

Confirmatory Assay ◽

Cutaneous Rash ◽

Parvovirus B19 Infection

Introduction: Parvovirus B19 is a cause of hemolysis and red blood cell aplasia in patients with sickle cell anemia. The present study aimed to assess parvovirus B19 infection among sickle cell anemia patients. Methodology: All patients (n = 138) included in the study were sickle cell anemia patients. Blood donors were used as a control group. Assessment of parvovirus B19 antibodies and viral DNA was performed using established methods of detection and B19 recomBlot assay. Results: Detectable levels of parvovirus B19 IgG were found in 52 samples (37.6%) whereas anti-parvovirus B19 IgM antibodies were detected in four (2.89 %) patients of the sickle-cell anemia group. Anti-B19 IgM-positive samples contained B19-viral DNA. These four patients presented with fever, malaise, pallor and no cutaneous rash. Anti-parvovirus B19 antibodies were detected in 22 (39.3%) of the control blood donors group. Anti-parvovirus B19 IgM antibodies were not detected in the control group. Using the recomBlot assay, 58 test samples (42%) were found to contain detectable levels of Parvovirus B19 antibodies. All the samples that were positive for parvovirus B19 IgG by the ELISA were also positive by the recomBlot assay. Six samples were only positive by the recomBlot assay and not by the ELISA. Two of these six samples were positive for B19 viral DNA. Conclusions: Establishing the extent of parvovirus B19 infection in sickle cell anemia patients will help in proper management of aplastic crisis in such patients. The B19 recomBlot assay may be suitable as a confirmatory assay.

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Aplastic crisis due to human parvovirus B19 infection in hereditary hemolytic anaemia

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s0036-46651992000500017 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 34 (5) ◽

pp. 479-482 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

R. C. N. Cubel ◽

M. C. Valadão ◽

W. V. Pereira ◽

M. C. Magalhães ◽

J. P. Nascimento

Keyword(s):

Sickle Cell ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Sickle Cell Anaemia ◽

Hereditary Spherocytosis ◽

Parvovirus B19 ◽

Human Parvovirus B19 ◽

Aplastic Crisis ◽

Parvovirus B19 Infection ◽

Transient Aplastic Crisis ◽

Santa Maria

Specific anti-B19 IgM was demonstrated in sera from three children showing transient aplastic crisis. A two years-old boy living in Rio de Janeiro suffering from sickle-cell anaemia showed the crisis during August, 1990. Two siblings living in Santa Maria, RS, developed aplastic crisis during May, 1991, when they were also diagnosed for hereditary spherocytosis. For a third child from this same family, who first developed aplastic crisis no IgM anti-B19 was detected in her sera.

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Parvovirus B19 infection and autoimmune hepatitis in a child with sickle cell anemia

Pediatric Blood & Cancer ◽

10.1002/pbc.22820 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 56 (2) ◽

pp. 323-324 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Uwe Kordes ◽

Reinhard Schneppenheim ◽

Andrea Briem-Richter ◽

Stefanie Scherpe ◽

Hans-Jörg Schäfer

Keyword(s):

Autoimmune Hepatitis ◽

Sickle Cell ◽

Sickle Cell Anemia ◽

Parvovirus B19 ◽

Parvovirus B19 Infection

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A case of severe multi-system disease in a sickle cell SC patient caused by parvovirus B19 infection

Journal of Clinical Images and Medical Case Reports ◽

10.52768/2766-7820/1314 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Mohamed Almuqamam ◽

◽

Swetha Madhavarapu ◽

Nataly Apollonsky ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sickle Cell Disease ◽

Sickle Cell ◽

Parvovirus B19 ◽

Acute Infection ◽

Organ Injury ◽

Acute Chest Syndrome ◽

Cell Disease ◽

Splenic Sequestration ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Parvovirus B19 Infection

Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is an inherited hemoglobinopathy, which results in production of abnormal hemoglobin S. HbSC disease is a variant of SCD, which shares a similar clinical complication profile to HbSS disease, but often thought to be a milder condition. In patients with SCD, Hb S in deoxygenated state undergoes polymerization, leading to hemolysis, vaso-occlusive events, and eventually end-organ damage. Among other complications in patients with SCD is increased risk of complications caused by parvovirus B19. We present a case of a 14-year-old female with HbSC disease who presented to the emergency room with complaint of abdominal pain and found to have splenic sequestration. Splenic sequestration progressed rapidly, Hemoglobin (hb) dropped to 4.6 g/dl and acute chest syndrome (ACS) developed. She was treated following the ACS protocol, received 4 units of Packed Red Blood Cells (PRBC) and subsequently underwent a single volume PRBC exchange transfusion. Considering her unusual presentation, with severe ARDS from alveolar hemorrhage requiring mechanical ventilation and multi-organ injury, several autoimmune and infectious conditions with a cytokine storm component including COVID-19 disease, were considered. Results of viral testing revealed parvovirus B19 IgM antibodies signifying an acute infection. She fully recovered with supportive care and was discharged home. Multisystem involvement simulating connective tissue disorders or malignancies with acute parvovirus B19 infection has been reported and is considered extremely rare. To our knowledge, there were no reports of pediatric patients with SC disease presenting with splenic sequestration and ACS in the setting of parvovirus B19 multisystem disease. Keywords: sickle cell disease; acute respiratory distress syndrome; acute chest syndrome; parvovirus B19.

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