Abstract: Research on the land use of the coastal zone in the sea–land direction will not only reveal its land use distribution, but may also indicate the interactions between inland land use and the ocean through associations between inland land use and seaward land use indirectly. However, in the existing research, few have paid attention to the land use in sea–land direction, let alone the sequential relationship between land-use types. The sequential relationship would be useful in land use planning and rehabilitation of the landscape in the sea–land direction, and the association between land-use types, particularly the inland land use and seaward land use, is not discussed. Therefore, This study presents a model named ARCLUSSM (Association Rules-based Coastal Land use Spatial Sequence Model) to mine the sequential pattern of land use with interesting associations in the sea–land direction of the coastal zone. As a case study, the typical coastal zone of Bohai Bay and the Yellow River delta in China was used. The results are as follows: firstly, 27 interesting association patterns of land use in the sea–land direction of the coastal zone were mined easily. Both sequential relationship and distance between land-use types for 27 patterns among six land-use types were mined definitely, and the sequence of the six land-use types tended to be tidal flat > shrimp pond > reservoir/artificial pond > settlement > river > dry land in sea–land direction. These patterns would offer specific support for land-use planning and rehabilitation of the coastal zone. There were 19 association patterns between seaward and landward land-use types. These patterns showed strong associations between seaward and landward land-use types. It indicated that the landward land use might have some impacts on the seaward land use, or in the other direction, which may help to reveal the interactions between inland land use and the ocean. Thus, the ARCLUSSM was an efficient tool to mine the sequential relationship and distance between land-use types with interesting association rules in the sea–land direction, which would offer practicable advice to appropriate coastal zone management and planning, and might reveal the interactions between inland land use and the ocean.
Financing Coastal Land Use Planning: A Case Study of LUAS, Malaysia