EMPLOYABILITY OF FORMER PRISONERS IN THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA: A SURVEY ON EMPLOYERS’ ATTITUDES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Jandrić Nišević ◽  
Željka Bagarić ◽  
Barbara Vargić
Author(s):  
Татьяна Григорьевна Владыкина ◽  
Галина Анатольевна Глухова

В статье рассматривается краеведческая деятельность П. П. Фертикова - подполковника медицинской службы в отставке, уроженца русской деревни Патраки Якшур-Бодьинского района Удмуртии. Собранная им за многие годы коллекция материалов представляет собой важный источник по истории и культуре родной деревни и района, республики в целом, основной акцент при этом сделан на события Великой Отечественной войны. Сквозной темой устных повествований о военном времени в жанре рассказов-воспоминаний является жизнь российской глубинки: взваленный на стариков, женщин и детей непосильный крестьянский труд в тылу, постоянная борьба с голодом и холодом, изнурительная работа подростков на лесозаготовках и строительстве железной дороги. Полны драматизма воспоминания бывших военнопленных. Сдержанно-эмоциональны подборки писем с фронта. Типологически общей составляющей коллекции являются русские и удмуртские частушки - короткие песни-куплеты на злободневную тему, позволяющие выплеснуть эмоции непосредственно в момент исполнения. По «девичьим альбомам» участниц войны прослеживается отличный от деревенского песенный репертуар: широко известные авторские песни военных лет, жестокие романсы, наивные по содержанию и стилю песни на стихи самодеятельных авторов. This article deals with the collection of the local historian P. P. Fertikov, a retired Lieutenant Colonel of the medical service and a native of the Russian village of Patraki in the Yakshur-Bodya Region of the Udmurt Republic. The materials he collected over many years is an important source on the history and culture of his native village and district, and of the republic as a whole, with a main focus on the events of World War II. A constant theme of the oral narratives (memoirs) about wartime is life in the rear, in the Russian hinterland. Backbreaking peasant labor burdened the old and the weak shoulders of children; there was a constant struggle with hunger and cold; teenagers had to do the grueling work of cutting timber and railway construction. The accounts of former prisoners of war are full of drama. Letters from the front are emotionally restrained. The main component of the collection is Russian and Udmurt chastushkas - short songs-verses on a topical theme that allow the performer to vent emotions directly during performance. “Maiden’s albums” by participants in the war reveal a different song repertoire from that of the village: they include well-known authorial songs of the war years and heart-rending romances, naive in content and style, based on poems by amateur authors.


1972 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
J. Hers

In South Africa the modern outlook towards time may be said to have started in 1948. Both the two major observatories, The Royal Observatory in Cape Town and the Union Observatory (now known as the Republic Observatory) in Johannesburg had, of course, been involved in the astronomical determination of time almost from their inception, and the Johannesburg Observatory has been responsible for the official time of South Africa since 1908. However the pendulum clocks then in use could not be relied on to provide an accuracy better than about 1/10 second, which was of the same order as that of the astronomical observations. It is doubtful if much use was made of even this limited accuracy outside the two observatories, and although there may – occasionally have been a demand for more accurate time, it was certainly not voiced.


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