scholarly journals Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula diagnosed by contrast echocardiography: a case report of a daughter and a mother

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaoyun Pan ◽  
Xinxin Dong ◽  
Jianguo Xu
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Contrast Echocardiography ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Pulmonary Angiography ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Pulmonary Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Severe Condition ◽  
Heart Cycle ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula is a rare disease with a direct connection between the pulmonary artery and the vein, and in most cases is congenital. In a proportion of patients, it can cause hypoxemia, cyanosis and dyspnea. The golden standard for the diagnosis of PAVF is pulmonary angiography. We experienced two cases of a daughter and a mother with PAVF diagnosed by contrast echocardiography, which is simple and sensitive for the detection of pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. Case presentation Case 1:A 22-year-old female was admitted to hospital because of "unconsciousness for 3 hours after sudden seizures".CT showed left frontal cerebral arteriovenous malformation with hemorrhage, a nodule of upper lobe of left lung, arteriovenous malformation possible.Intracranial hematoma removal, arteriovenous malformation resection were performed urgently. Postoperatively, the patient presented severe hypoxemia. Contrast echocardiography showed continuous dense bubbles were visualized in the left heart from the third heart cycle following imaging in the right heart, , suggesting pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. Case 2 : The mother of the first patient, 44-year-old female, with no history of dyspnea, cyanosis,and stroke, was medically screened for suspected pulmonary arteriovenous fistula due to her daughter’s disease. Contrast echocardiography also indicated pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. Conclusions Contrast echocardiography is an excellent tool for the detection of pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. Patients with suspected pulmonary arteriovenous fistula should be examined by chest radiography combined with contrast echocardiography as first line screening tests, especially in patients with severe condition.

Diffuse pulmonary arteriovenous fistula shown by contrast echocardiography and pulmonary angiography

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Murakami ◽  
M. Nakanishi ◽  
T. Konishi ◽  
N. Hase ◽  
Y. Sakiyama
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Contrast Echocardiography ◽  
Pulmonary Angiography ◽  
Pulmonary Arteriovenous Fistula

Bubble contrast echocardiography in detecting pulmonary arteriovenous malformations after modified Fontan operations

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 505-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Strömvall Larsson ◽  
Laszlo Solymar ◽  
Bengt O. Eriksson ◽  
Anne de Wahl Granelli ◽  
Mats Mellander
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Contrast Echocardiography ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Positive Contrast ◽  
Pulmonary Angiography ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Colloid Solution ◽  
Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
The Right

The development of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations is a well-known complication after Fontan operations, and may result in significant morbidity due to increasing arterial desaturation. We compared the use of bubble contrast echocardiography and pulmonary angiography in detecting such malformations. We also examined which anatomical and haemodynamic variables were associated with their development. Our study includes 20 patients who had undergone modified Fontan procedures, 10 with atriopulmonary and 10 with total cavopulmonary connections, in Gothenburg between 1980 and 1991. All patients underwent cardiac catheterisation and pulmonary angiography. Bubble contrast echocardiography was performed at the same time, with injection of agitated polygelin colloid solution (Haemaccel, Hoechst) into the right and left pulmonary arteries, respectively. Transoesophageal echocardiography was used to detect the appearance of bubble contrast in the pulmonary venous atrium. The aim was also to evaluate the role of hepatic venous blood. Of the 20 patients, 9 (45%) had a positive contrast echocardiography study, compared with only 2 (10%) detected by pulmonary angiography. Patients with positive contrast echocardiography had a significantly lower arterial oxygen saturation than those with negative studies, both at rest (88% vs 95%, p < 0.01) and during exercise testing (78% vs 89%, p = 0.01). Bubble contrast echocardiography is much more sensitive in detecting pulmonary arteriovenous malformations than pulmonary angiography. By injecting echo contrast into the right and left pulmonary arteries, the method can be made highly selective. Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations develop much more frequently in patients with the Fontan circulation than previously reported.

Inflammatory lung disease in a patient with tricuspid atresia palliated by a Glenn anastomosis

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-96
Author(s):  
Sara Thorne ◽  
Jane Somerville
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Right Atrium ◽  
Collateral Circulation ◽  
Tricuspid Atresia ◽  
Pulmonary Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Aortopulmonary Collateral ◽  
The Right

SummaryA 37-year-old man with tricuspid atresia, in whom a chronic right apical aspergilloma had stimulated formation of extensive aortopulmonary collateral circulation, suffered reversal of flow within his long-standing fistulous Glenn anastomosis. By reversing the flow through the pulmonary arteriovenous fistula and raising oxygen saturation in the right atrium, the acquired aortopulmonary collateral circulation prevented the increase in cyanosis which usually occurs when fistulous changes develop late after the Glenn operation.

Pitfalls in the diagnosis of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations

1994 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 408-410
Author(s):  
Michael Schiemmer ◽  
Gerald Tulzer ◽  
Maria Wimmer
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Pulmonary Angiography ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
The Right ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Diagnostic Pitfalls

SummaryA homogeneous opacity of the right upper lobe was found radiographically in a 15-month-old male child during investigation of an upper respiratory tract infection. Based on computerized tomography, the diagnosis was made of a solid tumor of the lung. At thoracotomy, dilated serpentine vessels were found on the surface of the right upper lobe, and the diagnosis of a large arteriovenous malformation was considered. Use of enhanced computed tomography without contrast and failure to note a reduced arterial oxygen saturation were two diagnostic pitfalls. The diagnosis of an arteriovenous malformation was confirmed by pulmonary angiography, and a right upper lobectomy was successfully performed.

Diagnosis of Diffuse Pulmonary Arteriovenous Fistula by Contrast Echocardiography: Discussion on Five Cases in Japan

1980 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-402
Author(s):  
Yasuyuki Suzuki ◽  
Hitoshi Nakamura ◽  
Satoru Hattori ◽  
Hiroshi Ichihashi ◽  
Yasuo Kuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Contrast Echocardiography ◽  
Pulmonary Arteriovenous Fistula

scholarly journals Idiopathic Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation - A Rare Entity

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (41) ◽  
pp. 3604-3606
Author(s):  
Sanyukta Hepat ◽  
Ruchita Kabra ◽  
Abhijit Wadekar ◽  
Sourya Acharya ◽  
Samarth Shukla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Transcatheter Embolization ◽  
Pulmonary Angiography ◽  
Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Delay Of Treatment ◽  
The Right

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) is one of the rare pulmonary vascular anomalies. Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation results in right to left shunt due to the abnormal communications between the pulmonary arteries and the pulmonary veins bypassing the normal capillary bed.1 This condition being rare could be easily missed, hence, it is essential for clinicians to suspect it based on the classical clinical features. This helps in early diagnosis and deciding further appropriate treatment option. Here we report the case of a patient affected by a large idiopathic pulmonary arteriovenous malformation in the right lung. Most patients with pulmonary arteriovenous malformation are asymptomatic. This is due to the chronic compensation and secondary erythrocytic response. Dyspnoea due to PAVMs are a result of right-to-left shunt. Initial diagnostic tools include chest radiography and contrast enhanced computed tomography but the gold standard is pulmonary angiography.2 Because AVM has substantial morbidity rates associated with it, all patients with PAVMs who can undergo embolization should be treated with transcatheter embolization. In rest of the patients, surgical excision should be considered. The main objective of this study was to highlight the early suspicion and diagnosis of pulmonary arteriovenous malformation as this is easily missed and leads to undue delay of treatment.

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