Aqueous alteration without initial water: Possibility of organic-induced hydration of anhydrous silicates in meteorite parent bodies

Abstract Early evolution of Solar System small bodies proceeded through interactions of mineral and water. Melting of water ice accreted with mineral particles to the parent body results in the formation of secondary minerals, the so-called aqueous alteration. Formation of phyllosilicates from anhydrous silicates is a typical alteration effect recorded in primitive meteorites. In addition to mineral and water, organic matter could have been also a significant component in meteorite parent bodies. However, the role of organic matter in the alteration of silicates is not well understood. Here we show the in-situ formation of hydrated silicates through a mineral–organic interaction without the initial presence of water. Proto-phyllosilicates were experimentally confirmed on the anhydrous mineral (olivine) surface after being heated with molecular cloud organic matter analog at 300 °C for 10 days in this study. It could be due to H 2 O generated through pyrolysis of the organic compounds with hydroxy groups. Our results indicated that formation of phyllosilicates on the olivine surface in contact with organic matter can occur in meteorite parent bodies which formed inside the H 2 O snow line but accreted with organic matter, initially without water. Water formed through decomposition of organic matter could be one candidate for hydrous silicate formation in ordinary chondrites from S-type asteroids inside the H 2 O snow line. Although the origin of water in ordinary chondrites is under debate, water generation from organic matter may also explain the D-rich water in ordinary chondrites because primordial organic matter is known to be D-rich.

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Aqueous alteration without initial water: Possibility of organic-induced hydration of anhydrous silicates in meteorite parent bodies

10.21203/rs.3.rs-50113/v3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Naoki Hirakawa ◽

Yoko Kebukawa ◽

Yoshihiro Furukawa ◽

Masashi Kondo ◽

Hideyuki Nakano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Solar System ◽

Organic Compounds ◽

Parent Body ◽

Ordinary Chondrites ◽

Aqueous Alteration ◽

Initial Water ◽

Water Ice ◽

Silicate Formation ◽

Snow Line

Abstract Early evolution of Solar System small bodies proceeded through interactions of mineral and water. Melting of water ice accreted with mineral particles to the parent body results in the formation of secondary minerals, the so-called aqueous alteration. Formation of phyllosilicates from anhydrous silicates is a typical alteration effect recorded in primitive meteorites. In addition to mineral and water, organic matter could have been also a significant component in meteorite parent bodies. However, the role of organic matter in the alteration of silicates is not well understood. We conducted a heating experiment of anhydrous silicate (olivine) with a mixture of organic compounds which simulated primordial organic matter in the Solar System. Dissolution and precipitation features were confirmed on the olivine surface after heating at 300 °C for 10 days, and proto-phyllosilicates were formed in the precipitation area. Magnesite was also detected as concomitant mineral phase. These minerals could be the evidence of aqueous alteration and carbonation of olivine induced by water generated through decomposition of the organic compounds with hydroxy groups. Our result showed that the in-situ formation of hydrated silicates through a mineral-organic interaction without the initial presence of water. It further implies that formation of phyllosilicates on the olivine surface in contact with organic matter can occur in meteorite parent bodies which formed inside the H2O snow line but accreted with organic matter, initially without water. Water formed through decomposition of organic matter could be one candidate for hydrous silicate formation, for example in ordinary chondrites from S-type asteroids inside the H2O snow line. Although the origin of water in ordinary chondrites is under debate, water generation from organic matter may also explain the D-rich water in ordinary chondrites because primordial organic matter is known to be D-rich.

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Aqueous alteration without initial water: Possibility of organic-induced hydration of anhydrous silicates in meteorite parent bodies

10.21203/rs.3.rs-50113/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Naoki Hirakawa ◽

Yoko Kebukawa ◽

Yoshihiro Furukawa ◽

Masashi Kondo ◽

Hideyuki Nakano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Solar System ◽

Organic Compounds ◽

Parent Body ◽

Ordinary Chondrites ◽

Aqueous Alteration ◽

Initial Water ◽

Water Ice ◽

Silicate Formation ◽

Snow Line

Abstract Early evolution of Solar System small bodies proceeded through interactions of mineral and water. Melting of water ice accreted with mineral particles to the parent body results in the formation of secondary minerals, the so-called aqueous alteration. Formation of phyllosilicates from anhydrous silicates is a typical alteration effect recorded in primitive meteorites. In addition to mineral and water, organic matter could have been also a significant component in meteorite parent bodies. However, the role of organic matter in the alteration of silicates is not well understood. We conducted a heating experiment of anhydrous silicate (olivine) with a mixture of organic compounds which simulated primordial organic matter in the Solar System. Dissolution and precipitation features were confirmed on the olivine surface after heating at 300 °C for 10 days, and proto-phyllosilicates were formed in the precipitation area. Magnesite was also detected as concomitant mineral phase. These minerals could be the evidence of aqueous alteration and carbonation of olivine induced by water generated through decomposition of the organic compounds with hydroxy groups. Our result showed that the in-situ formation of hydrated silicates through a mineral-organic interaction without the initial presence of water. It further implies that formation of phyllosilicates on the olivine surface in contact with organic matter can occur in meteorite parent bodies which formed inside the H2O snow line but accreted with organic matter, initially without water. Water formed through decomposition of organic matter could be one candidate for hydrous silicate formation, for example in ordinary chondrites from S-type asteroids inside the H2O snow line. Although the origin of water in ordinary chondrites is under debate, water generation from organic matter may also explain the D-rich water in ordinary chondrites because primordial organic matter is known to be D-rich.

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Organic matter and water from asteroid Itokawa

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-84517-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Q. H. S. Chan ◽

A. Stephant ◽

I. A. Franchi ◽

X. Zhao ◽

R. Brunetto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Solar System ◽

Parent Body ◽

Asteroid Belt ◽

True Nature ◽

Water Ice ◽

Nanocrystalline Graphite ◽

Terrestrial Water ◽

Solar System Bodies ◽

Small Dust

AbstractUnderstanding the true nature of extra-terrestrial water and organic matter that were present at the birth of our solar system, and their subsequent evolution, necessitates the study of pristine astromaterials. In this study, we have studied both the water and organic contents from a dust particle recovered from the surface of near-Earth asteroid 25143 Itokawa by the Hayabusa mission, which was the first mission that brought pristine asteroidal materials to Earth’s astromaterial collection. The organic matter is presented as both nanocrystalline graphite and disordered polyaromatic carbon with high D/H and 15N/14N ratios (δD = + 4868 ± 2288‰; δ15N = + 344 ± 20‰) signifying an explicit extra-terrestrial origin. The contrasting organic feature (graphitic and disordered) substantiates the rubble-pile asteroid model of Itokawa, and offers support for material mixing in the asteroid belt that occurred in scales from small dust infall to catastrophic impacts of large asteroidal parent bodies. Our analysis of Itokawa water indicates that the asteroid has incorporated D-poor water ice at the abundance on par with inner solar system bodies. The asteroid was metamorphosed and dehydrated on the formerly large asteroid, and was subsequently evolved via late-stage hydration, modified by D-enriched exogenous organics and water derived from a carbonaceous parent body.

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Evolution of organic matter in Orgueil, Murchison and Renazzo during parent body aqueous alteration: In situ investigations

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta ◽

10.1016/j.gca.2013.11.020 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 131 ◽

pp. 368-392 ◽

Cited By ~ 95

Author(s):

Corentin Le Guillou ◽

Sylvain Bernard ◽

Adrian J. Brearley ◽

Laurent Remusat

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Parent Body ◽

Aqueous Alteration

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Fayalite-silica association in unequilibrated ordinary chondrites: Evidence for aqueous alteration on a parent body

Earth and Planetary Science Letters ◽

10.1016/0012-821x(94)90011-6 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 122 (3-4) ◽

pp. 403-416 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

John T. Wasson ◽

Alexander N. Krot

Keyword(s):

Parent Body ◽

Ordinary Chondrites ◽

Aqueous Alteration

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Organic Matter and Water from Asteroid Itokawa

10.21203/rs.3.rs-109379/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Queenie Chan ◽

Alice Stephant ◽

Ian Franchi ◽

Xuchao Zhao ◽

Rosario Brunetto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Solar System ◽

Parent Body ◽

Asteroid Belt ◽

True Nature ◽

Water Ice ◽

Nanocrystalline Graphite ◽

Terrestrial Water ◽

Solar System Bodies ◽

Small Dust

Abstract Understanding the true nature of extra-terrestrial water and organic matter that was present at the birth of our solar system, and their subsequent evolution, necessitates the study of pristine astromaterials. In this study, we have studied both the water and organic contents from a dust particle recovered from the surface of near-Earth asteroid 25143 Itokawa by the Hayabusa mission, which represents one of the most uncontaminated astromaterial samples in Earth’s collection. The organic matter is presented as both nanocrystalline graphite and disordered polyaromatic carbon with high D/H and 15N/14N ratios (δD = +4,868 ± 2,288‰; δ15N = +344 ± 20‰) signifying an explicit extra-terrestrial origin. The contrasting organic feature (graphitic and disordered) substantiates the rubble-pile asteroid model of Itokawa, and offers support for material mixing in the asteroid belt that occurred in scales from small dust infall to cartographic impacts of large asteroidal parent bodies. Our analysis of Itokawa water indicates that the asteroid has incorporated D-poor water ice at the abundance on par with inner solar system bodies. The asteroid was metamorphosed and dehydrated on the formerly large asteroid, and was subsequently evolved via late-stage hydration, modified by D-enriched extraneous organics and water derived from a carbonaceous parent body.

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The riverine bioreactor: An integrative perspective on biological decomposition of organic matter across riverine habitats

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145494 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 772 ◽

pp. 145494

Author(s):

Ignacio Peralta-Maraver ◽

Rachel Stubbington ◽

Shai Arnon ◽

Pavel Kratina ◽

Stefan Krause ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Decomposition Of Organic Matter ◽

Riverine Habitats ◽

Biological Decomposition

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Syngenetic rapid growth of ellipsoidal silica concretions with bitumen cores

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-83651-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hidekazu Yoshida ◽

Ryusei Kuma ◽

Hitoshi Hasegawa ◽

Nagayoshi Katsuta ◽

Sin-iti Sirono ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Early Diagenesis ◽

Ph Change ◽

Carbon Preference Index ◽

Diffusion Growth ◽

Silica Precipitation ◽

Precipitated Silica ◽

Preference Index ◽

Decomposition Of Organic Matter ◽

Growth Diagram

AbstractIsolated silica concretions in calcareous sediments have unique shapes and distinct sharp boundaries and are considered to form by diagenesis of biogenic siliceous grains. However, the details and rates of syngenetic formation of these spherical concretions are still not fully clear. Here we present a model for concretion growth by diffusion, with chemical buffering involving decomposition of organic matter leading to a pH change in the pore-water and preservation of residual bitumen cores in the concretions. The model is compatible with some pervasive silica precipitation. Based on the observed elemental distributions, C, N, S, bulk carbon isotope and carbon preference index (CPI) measurements of the silica-enriched concretions, bitumen cores and surrounding calcareous rocks, the rate of diffusive concretion growth during early diagenesis is shown using a diffusion-growth diagram. This approach reveals that ellipsoidal SiO2 concretions with a diameter of a few cm formed rapidly and the precipitated silica preserved the bitumen cores. Our work provides a generalized chemical buffering model involving organic matter that can explain the rapid syngenetic growth of other types of silica accumulation in calcareous sediments.

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