scholarly journals Self-fertility Evaluations of Northern-adapted Rabbiteye Blueberry Hybrids

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 1837-1842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark K. Ehlenfeldt ◽  
Matthew Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Pollen Mixture ◽  
Agricultural Research Service ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Research Service

Rabbiteye blueberry hybrids that the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) program has bred for northern adaptation are combinations of 6x V. ashei Reade, 6x V. constablaei Gray, 4x V. corymbosum L., and 2x V. darrowii Camp germplasm at the hexaploid level and are generally composed of 50% or greater V. ashei (rabbiteye) germplasm. Four northern-adapted rabbiteye (NRE) selections (US 1043, US 1045, US 1056, US 1057), four rabbiteye standards (‘Brightwell’, ‘Climax’, ‘Tifblue’, ‘Woodard’), two rabbiteye × V. constablaei derivatives (‘Little Giant’, ‘Snowflake’), and two highbush standards (‘Duke’, ‘Bluecrop’) were pollinated under greenhouse conditions with either self-pollen or a multicultivar, bulk-pollen mixture (appropriate to ploidy level and species) to determine the relative requirements for cross-pollination among NRE selections. Fruit set, berry weight, and seed set were subsequently evaluated. The results suggest that NRE selections, in general, exhibit cross-pollination needs intermediate to the parent types such that: rabbiteye > northern rabbiteye > highbush (i.e., rabbiteye has the lowest self-fertility and the greatest need for cross-pollination). Considerable variation existed among the NRE selections tested, which suggests that it might be possible to select clones with good levels of self-fertility, potentially equivalent to that of highbush blueberry.

scholarly journals Peach Fruit Set and Buttoning after Spring Frost

HortScience ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 816-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunxian Chen ◽  
William R. Okie ◽  
Thomas G. Beckman
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Peach Fruit ◽  
Spring Frost ◽  
Range Distribution ◽  
Small Fruit ◽  
Agricultural Research Service ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Research Service

Peach fruit set is affected by cumulative chill and spring frost. A spring frost occurred on 29 Mar. 2015 at the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Byron station after 3 weeks of bloom, reducing fruit set and resulting in many buttons (abnormally small fruit with dead embryos). Fruit set was rated in 2014, 2015, and 2016 and button set rated in 2015 using the same scale (0 = no fruit/button to 9 = 1–2 fruit/button at every node). The overall fruit set rating was substantially different in the 3 years, averaging 5.61 in 2014, 2.61 in 2015, and 6.04 in 2016. Buttons and skin-damaged fruit in 2015 varied among peach genotypes. Comparison of fruit and button set ratings showed that there was no difference between cultivars and selections, but some significant differences in fruit set for four ripening months, among the 3 years, and among the nine chilling classes, respectively. Among the cultivars, the most common button set rating was 0–3. For example, ‘Sunprince’, ‘Loring’, and ‘Carored’ trees had a high button set rating, whereas ‘Flameprince’, ‘Julyprince’, and ‘Contender’ trees were low. As for peach selections, BY04P1690n was among those with the highest button set rating. In the population derived from a cross of button-prone BY04P1690n and button-free BY99P3866w, fruit and button counts from 10 long fruiting shoots ranged from 4 to 53 fruit (21.63 on average) and 2 to 27 buttons (10.39 on average). The peach button rate ranged from 5.36% to 87.10% (30.70% on average). The range, distribution, and percentage of the button counts suggested that, if buttoning was genetically controlled, it appeared quantitative. Further assessment is needed.

scholarly journals G-435 and ARS 96-138, Pink-fruited Blueberry Selections

HortScience ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark K. Ehlenfeldt ◽  
Chad E. Finn
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Fruit Color ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Agricultural Research Service ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Research Service

G-435 and ARS 96–138 are two pink-fruited blueberry selections developed by the Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. G-435, a tetraploid, is predominantly Vaccinium corymbosum L. (highbush blueberry) with a mixture of other Vaccinium species germplasm in its ancestry. It has been evaluated in New Jersey and Michigan. ARS 96–138 is a hexaploid that is half V. ashei Reade (rabbiteye blueberry) and half synthetically derived, hexaploid, highbush-type germplasm. It has been evaluated in New Jersey and Oregon. ARS 96–138 was partially derived from a pink-fruited sibling of G-435; thus, the two selections are related, although they possess different ploidy levels. They are released as germplasm for further evaluation, breeding, and possible commercialization. They represent a novel fruit color in blueberry that is of interest to the landscape nursery business.

scholarly journals 'Hannah's Choice' Highbush Blueberry

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1558-1560
Author(s):  
Mark K. Ehlenfeldt ◽  
Allan W. Stretch ◽  
Nicholi Vorsa ◽  
Arlen D. Draper
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Breeding ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Station ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Agricultural Experiment ◽  
Agricultural Research Service ◽  
The U.S

'Hannah's Choice' is an early-ripening, tetraploid, highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) that was developed by the cooperative breeding program of the Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station (NJAES). It was named because it represents an improvement in sweetness, firmness, and flavor over currently grown early cultivars.

Recovery of Listeria monocytogenes from Vacuum-Sealed Packages of Frankfurters: Comparison of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Safety and Inspection Service Product Composite Enrichment Method, the USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Product Composite Rinse Method, and the USDA-ARS Package Rinse Method†‡

2002 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN B. LUCHANSKY ◽  
ANNA C. S. PORTO ◽  
F. MORGAN WALLACE ◽  
JEFFREY E. CALL
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Enrichment Method ◽  
Selective Agar ◽  
Peptone Water ◽  
Usda Agricultural Research ◽  
Inspection Service ◽  
Agricultural Research Service ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Research Service

This study compared three methods for the recovery of Listeria monocytogenes from commercially prepared and vacuum-packaged frankfurters that were inoculated with a five-strain mixture of this pathogen at averages of 22 and 20,133 CFU per package over three trials. The presence and levels of the pathogen were determined by (i) the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) product composite enrichment method, involving the selective enrichment of a 25-g composite of product and the subsequent plating of this product onto selective agar plates; (ii) the USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) product composite rinse method, involving the rinsing of a 25-g composite of product with 0.1% peptone water and the subsequent plating of a portion of the rinse fluid directly onto selective agar plates; and (iii) the USDA-ARS package rinse method, involving the use of 25 ml of 0.1% peptone water to rinse the entire contents of a package and the subsequent plating of a portion of the rinse fluid directly onto selective agar plates. For packages inoculated with 20,133 CFU, L. monocytogenes was recovered at a frequency (percentage of packages positive) of 100% by each of the three methods. The pathogen was recovered at efficiencies (percentages of recovery of L. monocytogenes) of 43 and 94% with the USDA-ARS product rinse method and the USDA-ARS package rinse method, respectively. For packages inoculated with 22 CFU, L. monocytogenes was recovered at frequencies of 17, 10, and 100% by the USDA-FSIS product composite enrichment method, the USDA-ARS product composite rinse method, and the USDA-ARS package rinse method, respectively. The pathogen was recovered at efficiencies of 20 and 95% with the USDA-ARS product composite rinse method and the USDA-ARS package rinse method, respectively. In a related study, the USDA-ARS package rinse method was the only method that detected the pathogen in 60 packages from each of five brands of frankfurters purchased from local grocery stores. These data establish that the USDA-ARS package rinse method is markedly more sensitive, as well as demonstrably more rapid and facile, than either the approved USDA-FSIS product composite enrichment method or the USDA-ARS product composite rinse method in determining the presence or absence of L. monocytogenes and establishing the levels of the pathogen that may be on the surface of ready-to-eat foods such as frankfurters.

scholarly journals 'Cara's Choice' Blueberry

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1556-1557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark K. Ehlenfeldt ◽  
Allan W. Stretch ◽  
Nicholi Vorsa ◽  
Arlen D. Draper
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Cooperative Breeding ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Station ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Tetraploid Hybrid ◽  
Agricultural Experiment ◽  
Agricultural Research Service ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Research Service

'Cara's Choice' is a mid-season ripening, tetraploid, hybrid blueberry (Vaccinium × 'Cara's Choice') that was developed by the cooperative breeding program of the Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station (NJAES). 'Cara's Choice' was given its name in recognition of its excellent fruit quality with improved sweetness, firmness, and flavor.

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