scholarly journals Micropropagation of Chinquapin (Castanea henryi) Using Axillary Shoots and Cotyledonary Nodes

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 1482-1486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Xiong ◽  
He Sun ◽  
Feng Zou ◽  
Xiaoming Fan ◽  
Genhua Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Axillary Shoots ◽  
Cotyledonary Nodes

Castanea henryi is an important woody grain tree species native to China. The objective of the current study was to find the suitable plant growth regulators (PGRs) and the optimal concentrations for direct organogenesis by using axillary shoots and cotyledonary nodes. Seeds were collected from the field, sterilized, and germinated in vitro. Axillary shoots and cotyledonary nodes of 3-week-old seedlings were used as explants. To find the suitable PGR for adventitious shoot induction, 0.5 mg·L–1 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), 0.1 mg·L–1 indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 0.1 mg·L–1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), or 0.1 mg·L–1 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) was supplemented to Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 0.65% agar and 3% sucrose. A high induction percentage of adventitious shoots (85.67%) was obtained from cotyledonary nodes supplemented with 0.1 mg·L–1 2,4-D. The type of explant influenced shoot proliferation rates and quality. Apical explants produced more and longer shoots than nodal segments. For shoot multiplication, 1 mg·L–1 6-BA + 0.05 mg·L–1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) supplemented with MS medium produced 12.33 and 6.25 shoots per explant, respectively, from apical and nodal explants. For shoot elongation and strengthening, 2 mg·L–1 6-BA + 0.05 mg·L–1 IBA supplemented with MS medium was the best combination, producing shoots with a mean length of 3.50 cm, a diameter of 0.46 cm, and about eight leaves per shoot. The greatest rooting of 76.70% and 11.33 roots per shoot was achieved when cultured in MS medium supplemented with 3.5% perlite + 1.5 mg·L–1 IBA. For acclimatization of the rooted plantlets in the greenhouse, a survival rate of 80% was achieved. This protocol—from multiplication to acclimation—is helpful to realize mass propagation of high-quality trees of chinquapin for increasing production and nut quality.

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation of Camellia oleifera Abel. Using Hypocotyl, Cotyledonary Node, and Radicle Explants

HortScience ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ze Li ◽  
Xiaofeng Tan ◽  
Zhiming Liu ◽  
Qing Lin ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Cotyledonary Node ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Camellia Oleifera ◽  
Cotyledonary Nodes

Camellia oleifera Abel. is one of four major woody oil plants in the world. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effect of different plant growth regulators (PGRs) and concentrations on direct organogenesis using cotyledonary nodes, hypocotyls, and radicle explants. High induction frequency of adventitious shoots were obtained from cotyledonary nodes, hypocotyls, and radicle explants (85.2%, 73.6%, and 41.0%, respectively) when cultured on half-strength Murashige and Skoog (1/2 MS) medium containing 2.0 mg·L−1 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and 0.1 mg·L−1 indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Microshoots from cotyledonary nodes, hypocotyls, and radicle explants were then transferred to 1/2 MS medium containing 2.0 mg·L−1 BA and 0.05 mg·L−1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) for shoot multiplication, resulting in 6.9 shoots per explant. The shoots were transferred to Woody Plant Medium (WPM) supplemented with various α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and gibberellic acid (GA3) for shoot elongation. The mean length of shoots and the number of leaves per shoot were 3.7 and 6.6 cm, respectively, in WPM supplemented with 0.5 mg·L−1 NAA and 3.0 mg·L−1 GA3. The highest rooting of shoots (90.2%) or the number of roots per shoot (7.2) was obtained when elongated microshoots were transferred to 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 3.5% perlite, 1.0 mg·L−1 IBA and 2.0 mg·L−1 NAA. The rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized in the greenhouse with a survival rate of 90.0%. The in vitro plant regeneration procedure described in this study is beneficial for mass propagation and improvement of C. oleifera through genetic engineering.

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Clerodendrum phlomidis L.F.

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mafatlal M. Kher ◽  
Deepak Soner ◽  
Neha Srivastava ◽  
Murugan Nataraj ◽  
Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Callus Formation ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Nodal Explants ◽  
Axillary Shoot ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Axillary Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Clerodendrum Phlomidis

Abstract Clerodendrum phlomidis L. f. is an important medicinal plant of the Lamiaceae family, particularly its roots, which are used for various therapeutic purposes in a pulverized form. The objective of this study was to develop a standard protocol for axillary shoot proliferation and rooting of C. phlomidis for its propagation and conservation. Nodal explants were inoculated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium that was supplemented with one of six cytokinins: 6-benzyladenine, kinetin, thidiazuron, N6-(2-isopentenyl) adenine (2iP), trans-zeatin (Zea) and meta-topolin. Callus induction, which was prolific at all concentrations, formed at the base of nodal explants and hindered shoot multiplication and elongation. To avoid or reduce callus formation with the objective of increasing shoot formation, the same six cytokinins were combined with 4 μM 2,3,5-tri-iodobenzoic acid (TIBA) alone or in combination with 270 μM adenine sulphate (AdS). Nodal explants that were cultured on the medium supplemented with 9.12 μM Zea, 4 μM TIBA and 270 μM AdS produced significantly more and longer shoots than on medium without TIBA and AdS. Half-strength MS medium supplemented with 8.05 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid was the best medium for root formation. Most (75%) in vitro rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized under natural conditions.

scholarly journals Shoot Proliferation, Callus Induction And Plant Regeneration In Tripsacum Laxum Nash

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuping Xiong ◽  
Jinhui Pang ◽  
Kunlin Wu ◽  
Jaime A. Teixeira Silva ◽  
Xinhua Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peat Soil ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Axillary Shoots ◽  
Rooting Medium ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Abstract The peduncles of Tripsacum laxum Nash were used as explants to induce axillary shoots. Multiple shoots were proliferated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium to establish, for the first time, efficient shoot proliferation and plant in vitro regeneration systems. Optimal shoot proliferation medium was MS with 3.0 mg/L 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 0.2 mg/L α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), resulting in a shoot proliferation coefficient of 11.0 within 45 d. Optimal rooting medium was MS with 0.1 mg/L NAA and/or 0.1 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), inducing 100% root formation from shoots within 30 d. When young roots, leaf sheaths and shoot bases were used as explants, MS medium with 1.0 mg/L thidiazuron (TDZ) and 0.2 mg/L BA induced most shoots, with the least callus. Shoot bases induced beige-white callus and shoots directly on MS medium with 1.0 mg/L TDZ and 0.2 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), while leaf sheaths induced beige-white callus and shoots directly on MS medium with 1.0 mg/L TDZ and 0.2 mg/L BA. Rooted plantlets showed 99.3% survival when transplanted into a substrate of vermiculite: peat soil (1:3, v/v).

Micropropagation of some Myrtaceae species which show potential as 'new' ornamental plants

1993 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 385 ◽  
Author(s):  
SS Speer
Keyword(s):  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Soil Culture ◽  
Axillary Shoots ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Roots In Vitro ◽  
Chamelaucium Uncinatum

Eleven species of Australian Myrtaceae were evaluated for their ability to be cultured in vitro. Ten species produced axillary shoots (microcuttings) suitable for inducing roots in vitro. Microcuttings of 9 species successfully developed roots and were transferred to soil culture in a glasshouse, where plants grew normally. Nodal explants were grown on a modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with varying concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), to study shoot proliferation. Beaufortia heterophylla Turcz. explants did not respond to BAP, and all explants eventually died. The rate of shoot proliferation for the other species varied according to BAP concentration. Microcuttings of 10 species were grown on a modified half-strength MS medium supplemented with varying concentrations of the auxins indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), to induce root formation. An increase in root number and an associated decrease in root length was observed as the concentration of IBA and NAA was increased. Verticordia muelleriana E. Pritzel did not develop roots in any treatment. Chamelaucium uncinatum Schauer cv. Purple Pride, Kunzea parvifolia Schauer, K. pulchella (Lindl.) A. S. George, Leptospermum rotundifolium (Maiden & Betche) F. Rodway ex Cheel, Verticordia drunzmondii Schauer, V. graizdis J. L. Drumm., V. hughanii F. Muell., V. nzonaclelpha Turcz., and V. roeii Endl. microcuttings developed roots both with and without added auxins. Roots that formed on microcuttings at higher auxin concentrations were generally thicker and slower in growth.

scholarly journals Regeneration of Plants from Apical Meristem Tips and Nodal Segments of Arachis pintoi

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Y. Rey ◽  
L. A. Mroginski
Keyword(s):  
Apical Meristem ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration Potential ◽  
Arachis Pintoi ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
One Step

Abstract The in vitro regeneration potential of shoot apical tips (2 to 3 mm in length), meristems (0.3 to 0.5 mm in length), and nodal segments (4 to 7 mm long with an axillary bud) of diploid (2n = 2x = 20) and triploid (2n = 3x = 30) cytotypes of Arachis pintoi was evaluated. Explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and benzyladenine (BA). In one experiment the effect of gibberellic acid was tested. The cultures were done in liquid and solid media. Plant regeneration can be readily achieved from all explants in one step of 30 d culture on MS + 0.01 mg/L each of NAA and BA or two steps consisting of 1) shoots regeneration through culture of explants on MS + 0.01 mg/L each of NAA and BA, and 2) induction of rooting in regenerated shoots by reculture on MS + 0.01 mg/L NAA. The plantlets were successfully transferred to pots in a greenhouse.

scholarly journals In vitro study of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers (Menispermaceae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 103-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditi Singh ◽  
Saroj K Sah ◽  
Aunji Pradhan ◽  
Sabari Rajbahak ◽  
Niran Maharajan
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Nodal Segment ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium

In vitro study was carried out in an important medicinal plant Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers belonging to the family: Menispermaceae. Vegetative parts such as stem, leaf and nodal explants were excised from an elite in vivo grown mature plant and thereafter cultured on Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different hormonal concentrations for callus induction and organogenesis. Callus formation occurred from nodal segments, leaf and inter-node explants when planted on different combinations of hormones. Tinospora cordifolia showed response for in vitro shoot growth from the nodal segment. The best shoot growth was observed on MS medium supplemented with kinetin (1.5 mg/l). Similarly, the best result for root induction was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (1.0 mg/l) and naphthaleneacetic acid (2.5 mg/l). Key-words: callus induction; explants; medicinal plant; MS medium; tissue culture.DOI: 10.3126/botor.v6i0.2918 Botanica Orientalis - Journal of Plant Science (2009) 6: 103-105

scholarly journals In vitro propagation of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) from nodal segments, shoot tips and cotyledonary nodes

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
S. Parvin ◽  
M. Kausar ◽  
M. Enamul Haque ◽  
M. Khalekuzzaman ◽  
B. Sikdar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Cotyledonary Nodes ◽  
Cucumis Melo L

A rapid and efficient protocol is outlined for in vitro propagation of muskmelon(Cucumis melo L.) Shoot tips, nodal segments and cotyledonary nodes from invitro grown seedlings were used as explants. The explants were inoculated on MS medium fortified with different combinations and concentrations of growthregulators viz., BAP, NAA, GA3 and IBA for multiple shoot regeneration.Effective result was found on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l BAP, inwhich 90% and 70% cultures induced multiple shoots from nodal segments andshoot tip explants, respectively. Whereas, 70% cultures of cotyledonary nodeswere found to induced shoots on MS medium with 1.5 mg/l BAP + 0.1 mg/l GA3. In vitro regenerated shoots were subcultured on half strength MS mediumsupplemented with different concentrations of IBA and NAA for successful rootinduction and the effective result (up to 70%) was found in medium with 1 mg/lIBA. Well rooted in vitro grown plantlets were acclimatized in sandy soil, whereas 70% plantlets survived

scholarly journals Improved micropropagation and foliar micromorphological studies in Turnera ulmifolia L. – An important medicinal plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mani Manokari ◽  
Mahipal S. Shekhawat
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Turnera Ulmifolia ◽  
Semi Solid ◽  
Number Of Shoots

Abstract The present study reports an efficient in vitro propagation system for Turnera ulmifolia using nodal segments as explants. Turnera ulmifolia (Passifloraceae) is an important garden plant with multipotent medicinal values. Effective shoot proliferation was achieved on agar gelled MS medium (Murashige and Skoog, 1962). The maximum number of shoots (8.3 ± 0.57) per initial explant was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 8.88 mM of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.54 mM of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). The highest number of shoots (59.5 ± 2.10) proliferated on semi-solid MS medium (with agar) augmented with 2.22 mM of BAP and 2.32 mM of kinetin (Kin) along with 0.54 mM of NAA. Longer (4-5 cm) and healthy shoots were rooted (12.0 ± 0.10 roots per shoot) on half-strength MS medium fortified with 9.84 mM of indole-3 butyric acid (IBA). The in vitro regenerated plantlets were hardened in the greenhouse and transferred to the field. Significant developmental changes were observed in the foliar micromorphology of in vitro raised plantlets when these were transferred to the field. The stomatal index was gradually reduced (26.72 to 21.25) in the leaves from in vitro to field environments. But, vein-islets and veinlet terminations (13.4 and 7.6) were increased (39.7 and 18.4) respectively from in vitro to in vivo grown plants. Simple, unicellular, less frequent and underdeveloped trichomes were observed with the leaves of in vitro plants but fully developed trichomes recorded in the field transferred plants. The study could help in understanding the response and adaptation of tissue culture raised plantlets towards changed environmental conditions.

Comparative in vitro and early nursery performance of adventitious shoots from cryopreserved cotyledons and axillary shoots from epicotyls of the same zygotic embryo of control-pollinated Pinus radiata

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 2629-2641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy L Hargreaves ◽  
Lynette J Grace ◽  
Susan A van der Maas ◽  
Mike I Menzies ◽  
Satish Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Zygotic Embryo ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Radiata Pine ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Physiological Age ◽  
In Vitro Growth ◽  
Axillary Shoots

This is the first published report comparing production and performance of adventitious shoots from cryopreserved cotyledons, with axillary shoots formed from epicotyls of the same zygotic embryo of radiata pine (Pinus radiata D. Don). Genotypes from 10 control-pollinated families of P. radiata in two treatments were compared for shoot initiation, in vitro growth, rooting, and early nursery performance. Plant growth in nursery beds was assessed by measuring height after 2 and 7 months. After 8 months in nursery beds, the physiological ages of genotypes were assessed before field planting. Genotype capture was higher from the cryopreserved cotyledons than from the epicotyls. This technique has the advantage of preserving juvenile material while field testing is done. Early shoot multiplication in both treatments was good. After four transfer cycles, epicotyl cultures showed improved elongation and higher multiplication rates. After 6 months of in vitro growth, shoots from both treatments were given auxin pulses. Shoots of adventitious origin were slower to root than epicotyl-derived shoots. Overall rooting rates were satisfactory. Plants of adventitious origin were shorter when planted into nursery beds and when transferred to field trials. Assessment of relative physiological age indicated that all plants of adventitious origin showed some increase.

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation via Organogenesis and Formation of Globular Bodies of Salvia Plebeia: A Valuable Medicinal Plant

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinggui Wu ◽  
Honglin Yang ◽  
Yuxi Sun ◽  
Jinyao Hu ◽  
Lijuan Zou
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Hypocotyl Explants ◽  
Cotyledonary Nodes ◽  
Over Exploitation

Abstract Background: As a highly valued medicinal plant, Salvia plebeia R. Brown belongs to the Lamiaceae family that has been subjected to over exploitation in its natural habitat for phytochemical and pharmacological studies. Alternative collection methods need to be developed for the large-scale propagation of Salvia plebeian. Results: Here, efficient and simple, direct organogenesis (from shoot tips and cotyledonary nodes explants) and Globular bodies (GBs) induction (from hypocotyl explants) systems were developed for the in vitro propagation of Salvia plebeia. The highest and number of regenerated shoots (7.0±0.82) per shoot tips was obtained on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with a combination of 0.1 mg L-1 indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 1.0 mg L-1 6-benzyladenine (6-BA), the proliferation of shoots and shoots rooted were carried out on the same medium treatments almost synchronously. Similarly, MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg L-1 IAA and 1.0 mg L-1 thidiazuron (TDZ) yielded the maximum number of shoots (37.5±1.34) with 100% shoot sprouting frequency. Simultaneously, a protocol was developed for GBs induction from hypocotyl explants, and it produced 17.4 GBs per explant with 82.7% response on MS medium supplemented with TDZ (1.0 mg L-1) and IAA (0.1 mg L-1), and produced GBs that were morphologically similar to globular embryos and successfully germinated on hormone-free MS medium. The acclimatized plantlets with well-developed root systems were successfully shifted to the natural soils with a 100% survival rate. Conclusions: Taken together, this protocol can be efficiently used for mass propagation, germplasm preservation and likely also for gene transfer of Salvia plebeia.

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