scholarly journals Identification and Confirmation of RAPD Markers and Andromonoecious Associated with Quantitative Trait Loci for Sugars in Melon

2006 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan W. Sinclair ◽  
Soon O. Park ◽  
Gene E. Lester ◽  
Kil Sun Yoo ◽  
Kevin M. Crosby
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Positive Correlations

Our objectives were to identify randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers associated with quantitative trait loci (QTL) for sucrose, total soluble solids (TSS), and sucrose percentage of total sugars (SPTS) using bulked segregant analysis in an F2 population from the melon (Cucumis melo L.) cross of `TAM Dulce' (high sugars) × TGR1551 (low sugars) in a greenhouse experiment, and confirm the associations of RAPD markers with QTL for these sugar traits in an F2 population from the different cross of `Deltex' (high sugars) × TGR1551 in a field experiment. Continuous distributions for sucrose, TSS, and SPTS were observed in the F2 populations indicating quantitative inheritance for the traits. Significant positive correlations were found between sucrose and TSS or SPTS. Nine RAPD markers were detected to be significantly associated with QTL for sucrose in the F2 population of the `TAM Dulce' × TGR1551 cross in the greenhouse based on simple linear regression. Five unlinked markers associated with QTL were significant in a stepwise multiple regression analysis where the full model explained 39% of the total phenotypic variation for sucrose. Five and seven of the nine RAPD markers associated with QTL for sucrose were also observed to be significantly associated with QTL for TSS and SPTS, respectively, suggesting that in this cross three sugar traits are controlled by the same QTL. Five RAPD markers were confirmed in the F2 population of the `Deltex' × TGR1551 cross in the field to be consistently associated with QTL for three sugar traits. Significant associations of andromonoecious (a) with both sucrose and TSS were consistently expressed in our populations under greenhouse and field environments. These RAPD and floral markers associated with the sugar synthesis QTL identified and confirmed here could be useful in melon breeding for improving the mature fruit sweetness.

Quantitative trait loci for heading date and straw characters in barley

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1098-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Kjær ◽  
J. Jensen ◽  
H. Giese
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Chromosome 6 ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Trait Loci

Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for heading date and straw characters were examined in 79 chromosome-doubled haploid lines derived from the F1 generation of a cross between a six-rowed winter barley and a two-rowed spring barley. A genetic map covering 1100 cM containing 85 markers, including isozyme, morphological, RFLP, and RAPD markers, was constructed. All traits examined had two QTLs with large effects on chromosome 2. In addition, a QTL for length of the top internode was found on chromosome 6. The QTL in the chromosome segment around locus v (two row/six row) on chromosome 2 may be caused by pleiotropic effects of this locus. The same QTLs for heading date and straw length were found in both 1989 and 1991. The results indicate that two QTLs on chromosome 2 affect a group of correlated traits.Key words: Hordeum vulgare, earliness, RFLP, two rowed, six rowed, linkage map.

scholarly journals Detection of quantitative trait loci associated with leaf rust resistance in bread wheat

Genome ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. William ◽  
D. Hoisington ◽  
R. P. Singh ◽  
D. González-de-León
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
The Third ◽  
Trait Loci

Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia recondita Rob. ex Desm., is a common disease in wheat. The objective of this study was to develop molecular markers associated with the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) putatively conferring durable leaf rust resistance in Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell. A population of 77 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from 'Parula' (resistant) and 'Siete Cerros' (moderately susceptible) was used. Bulked segregant analysis was done using random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) with DNA enriched for low-copy sequences using hydroxyapatite chromatography. Out of 400 decamer primers screened, 3 RAPD markers were identified between the bulk of the most resistant and the bulk of the most susceptible lines. These were cloned and used as probes on the RILs in Southern hybridizations. Two probes revealed two tightly linked loci. One-way analysis of variance showed that these two loci, and another revealed by the third probe, were linked to QTLs controlling leaf rust resistance based on data taken from 2 years of replicated field trials. Cytogenetic analysis placed the two tightly linked loci on the long arm of chromosome 7B. The third probe detected loci located on the short arms of chromosomes 1B and 1D. It is suggested that the QTL detected on 7BL may well be homoeoallelic to Lr34.Key words: bulked segregant analysis, RAPDs, RFLPs, DNA enrichment, leaf rust, QTL.

scholarly journals Less-Than-Additive Epistatic Interactions of Quantitative Trait Loci in Tomato

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 1807-1817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuval Eshed ◽  
Dani Zamir
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Apparent Contradiction ◽  
Epistatic Interactions ◽  
Lycopersicon Pennellii ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Chromosome Segments ◽  
Fruit Mass ◽  
Qtl Effects

Abstract Epistasis plays a role in determining the phenotype, yet quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping has uncovered little evidence for it. To address this apparent contradiction, we analyzed interactions between individual Lycopersicon pennellii chromosome segments introgressed into an otherwise homogeneous genetic background of L. esculentum (cv. M82). Ten different homozygous introgression lines, each containing from 4 to 58 cM of introgressed DNA, were crossed in a half diallele scheme. The 45 derived double heterozygotes were evaluated in the field for four yield-associated traits, along with the 10 single heterozygotes and M82. Of 180 (45 × 4) tested interactions, 28% were epistatic (P < 0.05) on both linear and geometric scales. The detected epistasis was predominately less-than-additive, i.e., the effect of the double heterozygotes was smaller than the sum of the effects of the corresponding single heterozygotes. Epistasis was also found for homozygous linked QTL affecting fruit mass and total soluble solids. Although the frequency of epistasis was high, additivity was the major component in the interaction of pairs of QTL. We propose that the diminishing additivity of QTL effects is amplified when more loci are involved; this mode of epistasis may be an important factor in phenotype canalization and in breeding.

scholarly journals Use of Molecular Markers to Locate Quantitative Trait Loci Linked to High Soluble Solids Content in a Hybrid of Lycopersicon cheesmanii

1992 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Casey Garvey ◽  
John D. Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Morphological Marker ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Marker Loci ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Lycopersicon Cheesmanii

An interspecific hybrid was made between an accession of Lycopersicon cheesmanii f. minor Riley (LA 1508) from the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, and L. pennellii (Corr.) D'Arcy (LA 716). LA 1508 was used because of its high soluble solids content (SSC). It was crossed with LA 716 to test for linkage between isozymes and morphological markers and loci conditioning high SSC. For both accessions, chromosome numbers are equal and there are large differences between SSC and no barriers to crossing. Modified BC1 populations derived from the hybridization were assayed for isozyme markers using starch gel electrophoresis. Associations between marker loci and quantitative-trait loci (QTL) conditioning high SSC were determined using analysis of variance. Six isozymes located on five chromosomes and one morphological marker had significant associations with SSC, indicating linkage to QTL. Digenic epistatic interactions between pairs of independent markers did not appear to play an important role in the interactions between QTL that condition SSC.

scholarly journals Mapping Freeze Tolerance Quantitative Trait Loci in a Citrus grandis × Poncirus trifoliata F1 Pseudo-testcross Using Molecular Markers

2003 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 508-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney A. Weber ◽  
Gloria A. Moore ◽  
Zhanao Deng ◽  
Fred G. Gmitter
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Freeze Tolerance ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Linkage Maps ◽  
Sequence Characterized Amplified Region ◽  
Trait Loci

Mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with freeze tolerance was accomplished using a Citrus grandis (L.) Osb. × Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. F1 pseudo-testcross population. A progeny population of 442 plants was acclimated and exposed to temperatures of -9 °C and -15 °C in two separate freeze tests. A subpopulation of 99 progeny was genotyped for random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS), sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR), and sequence tagged site (STS) markers to produce a linkage map for each parent. Potential QTL were identified by interval mapping, and their validity was corroborated with results from means comparison (t test), one-way analysis of variance (F test), and bulked segregant analysis (BSA). Multiple analytical methods provided evidence supporting putative QTL and decreased the probability of missing significant QTL associated with freeze tolerance. QTL with a large effect on freeze tolerance were located on both the Citrus and Poncirus linkage maps. In addition, clusters of markers with significantly different means between marker present and absent classes indicating minor QTL that contribute smaller effects on the level of tolerance were found on the linkage maps of both species.

scholarly journals Identification of QTL Affecting Sugars in Ananas Melon

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 774D-774
Author(s):  
Soon O. Park* ◽  
Kevin M. Crosby ◽  
Jonathan W. Sinclair ◽  
Kilsun Yoo ◽  
Leonard M. Pike
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Quantitative Inheritance ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Melon Fruit

Sucrose, fructose, total sugars and soluble solids are major factors in determining mature melon fruit sweetness. Bulked segregant analysis was utilized to detect RAPD markers associated with QTL for sucrose, total sugars and soluble solids in an F2 population from the ananas melon cross of Deltex (high sugars) × TGR1551 (low sugars). Sucrose, glucose, fructose and total sugar data were obtained from 108 F2 plants by means of HPLC. Clear separations for sucrose, total sugars and soluble solids between Deltex and TGR1551 were observed, whereas slight differences for glucose and fructose were found. Continuous distributions for sucrose, total sugars and soluble solids were observed in the F2 population indicating quantitative inheritance for the sweetness traits. A significant negative correlation was observed between sucrose and glucose (r = -25) or fructose (r = -0.31). A significant positive correlation was noted between sucrose and total sugars (r = 0.80) or soluble solids (r = 0.64). Three low and high DNA bulk pairs for sucrose, total sugars and soluble solids were developed. A total of 360 primers were used to simultaneously screen between the low and high bulks, and between Deltex and TGR1551. Sixty-eight RAPD markers were polymorphic for the low and high bulks. Of the 68 markers, 24 were found to be significantly associated with sucrose, total sugars or soluble solids on the basis of single-factor ANOVA. Marker OM15.550 was consistently associated with QTL affecting sucrose, glucose, fructose, total sugars and soluble solids, and accounted for 7% to 25% of the phenotypic variation for the traits. These markers associated with the sugar synthesis QTL could be useful to transfer these genes into a low sugar cultivar to enhance the fruit sweetness.

scholarly journals Fine mapping of quantitative trait loci using selected overlapping recombinant chromosomes, in an interspecies cross of tomato.

Genetics ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 735-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
A H Paterson ◽  
J W DeVerna ◽  
B Lanini ◽  
S D Tanksley
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Domestic Species ◽  
Substitution Mapping ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Small Fruit ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

Abstract Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have been mapped to small intervals along the chromosomes of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), by a method we call substitution mapping. The size of the interval to which a QTL can be mapped is determined primarily by the number and spacing of previously mapped genetic markers in the region surrounding the QTL. We demonstrate the method using tomato genotypes carrying chromosomal segments from Lycopersicon chmielewskii, a wild relative of tomato with high soluble solids concentration but small fruit and low yield. Different L. chmielewskii chromosomal segments carrying a common restriction fragment length polymorphism were identified, and their regions of overlap determined using all available genetic markers. The effect of these chromosomal segments on soluble solids concentration, fruit mass, yield, and pH, was determined in the field. Many overlapping chromosomal segments had very different phenotypic effects, indicating QTLs affecting the phenotype(s) to lie in intervals of as little as 3 cM by which the segments differed. Some associations between different traits were attributed to close linkage between two or more QTLs, rather than pleiotropic effects of a single QTL: in such cases, recombination should separate desirable QTLs from genes with undesirable effects. The prominence of such trait associations in wide crosses appears partly due to infrequent reciprocal recombination between heterozygous chromosomal segments flanked by homozygous regions. Substitution mapping is particularly applicable to gene introgression from wild to domestic species, and generally useful in narrowing the gap between linkage mapping and physical mapping of QTLs.

Molecular Markers Linked to Quantitative Trait Loci for Anthracnose Resistance in Tomato

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 515a-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Stommel ◽  
Yiping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Marker Assisted Breeding ◽  
Anthracnose Resistance ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Marker Loci ◽  
Single Factor Analysis ◽  
Potential Use

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers linked to quantitative trait loci (QTL) involved in tomato anthracnose resistance were identified in an F2 population of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) segregating for anthracnose resistance. The F2 population was developed from the cross of an unadapted and small-fruited, but highly anthracnose-resistant L. esculentum accession and an adapted, but anthracnose-susceptible processing type tomato. Resistance to anthracnose caused by the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum coccodes is estimated to be controlled by at least three genes or chromosomal regions in this cross. One-thousand RAPD random primers and 64 AFLP primer pairs were screened for polymorphisms between the parental lines. Primers or primer pairs which differentiated the anthracnose resistant and susceptible parents were utilized to screen the F2 population for detection of QTL. Using single-factor analysis of variance, a number of markers, including six unmapped RAPD markers were identified that were significantly associated with resistance. Mapping of marker loci and their potential use in marker assisted breeding will be discussed.

scholarly journals (12) Detection of QTL for Three Individual Sugar Compositions in Muskmelon

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1040A-1040
Author(s):  
S. Park ◽  
J. Sinclair ◽  
K. Crosby ◽  
K. Yoo ◽  
L. Pike
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Quality Trait ◽  
Mature Fruit ◽  
Genetic Population ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
High Sucrose

The ratio of individual sugar compositions is an important fruit quality trait in muskmelon. Our objective was to identify RAPD markers associated with QTL for percentage of each individual sugar (sucrose, glucose, and fructose) using bulked segregant analysis in an F2 population derived from the melon cross of `TAM Dulce' (high sucrose percentage of total sugars) x TGR1551 (low sucrose percentage of total sugars). Continuous distributions for sucrose, glucose, and fructose percentages of total sugars were observed in the genetic population indicating quantitative inheritance for the traits. A significant positive correlation was observed between sucrose percentage and sucrose (r= 0.89) or soluble solids (r= 0.33), whereas a significant negative correlation was noted between sucrose percentage and glucose percentage (r = –0.85) or fructose percentage (r = –0.58). A total of 500 primers was used to screen between low and high DNA bulks for three individual sugar percentages. Ten RAPD markers, four amplified from `TAM Dulce' and six amplified from TGR1551, were significantly associated with QTL for at least one individual sugar percentage. Of the 10 markers identified, six were consistently associated with two to three traits. The OAU13.1350 obtained from `TAM Dulce' accounted for 13% and 19% of the phenotypic variation for sucrose and glucose percentages, while OAW06.600 obtained from TGR1551 explained 17% and 18% of the variation for the two traits. The OAA09.350 and OAU05.600 markers accounted for 4% to 13% of the variation for three sugar percentages. These markers associated with QTL for three individual sugar compositions could be useful in melon breeding for improving the mature fruit quality.

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