scholarly journals Financial Incentives and Educational Investment: The Impact of Performance-Based Scholarships on Student Time Use

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Barrow ◽  
Cecilia E. Rouse
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Barrow ◽  
Cecilia Elena Rouse

We evaluate the effect of performance-based scholarship programs for postsecondary students on student time use and effort. We find evidence that financial incentives induced students to devote more time and effort to educational activities and allocate less time to other activities. Incentives did not generate impacts after eligibility ended and did not decrease students’ interest or enjoyment in learning. Evidence also suggests that students were motivated more by the incentives than simply the effect of additional money. A remaining puzzle is that larger scholarships did not generate larger responses in terms of effort.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqian Xu ◽  
Baile Lu ◽  
Hongyan Dai ◽  
Weihua Zhou

This collection of twelve original essays by an international team of eminent scholars in the field of book history explores the many ways in which early modern books were subject to reworking, re-presentation, revision and reinterpretation. Their history is often the history of multiple, sometimes competing, agencies as their texts were re-packaged, redirected and transformed in ways that their original authors might hardly recognize. The essays discuss the processes of editing, revision, redaction, selection, abridgement, glossing, disputation, translation and posthumous publication that resulted in a textual elasticity and mobility that could dissolve distinctions between text and paratexts, textuality and intertextuality, manuscript and print, author and reader or editor, such that title and author’s name are no longer sufficient pointers to a book’s identity or contents. The essays are alive to the impact of commercial and technological aspects of book production and distribution (discussing, for example, the career of the pre-eminent bookseller John Nourse, the market appeal of abridgements, and the financial incentives to posthumous publication), but their interest is also in the many additional forms of agency that shaped texts and their meanings as books were repurposed to articulate, and respond to, a variety of cultural and individual needs. They engage with early modern religious, political, philosophical and scholarly trends and debates as they discuss a wide range of genres and kinds of publication (including fictional and non-fictional prose, verse miscellanies, abridgements, sermons, religious controversy) and of authors and booksellers (including Lucy Hutchinson, Richard Baxter, Thomas Burnet, Elizabeth Rowe, John Dryden, and Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Lucy Hutchinson, Henry Maundrell, John Nourse; Jonathan Swift, Samuel Richardson, John Tillotson, Isaac Watts and John Wesley).


2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Ghanbarzadegan ◽  
Z Kavosi ◽  
S Karimi ◽  
M Peyravi ◽  
A Ghorbanian ◽  
...  

Abstract Introduction The physicians are responsible for prescribing medicine rationally. Physician's awareness of prescribing guidelines can lead to the selection of the most effective, appropriate and effective measures to the improved prescription. This study aim is to determine the factors influencing drug prescribing behaviour in family physicians. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016 on a case study including 150 family physicians from Shiraz City who were selected by systematic random sampling method. A questionnaire related to the behaviour of prescribing physicians was used based on the theory of planned behaviour to collect data. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the experts' opinion and its reliability was confirmed by calculating the Cronbach's alpha. The data were analyzed using structural equation modelling (SEM) by SPSS and Smart PLS software. Results It was specified that 39.3% of Shiraz family physicians have prescribed medicines for their most patients (61-70%) during the last month. Furthermore, 60% of physicians have prescribed for about 20% of their patients without any examination. In addition, 63% of doctors have repeated prescription for about 20% of patients with chronic disease. Based on the obtained results of the Research Structural Equation Model, none of the four considered variables explains changes in physicians' behaviour regarding prescribing. Although, “mental and perceived behavioural control” explain 30.2% of the changes in the intention of prescribing medication of family physicians in Shiraz. Conclusions The family physicians' behaviour in prescribing medicine shows the impact of factors such as the patient's request, as well as the role of the patients and colleagues pressure for prescribing medicine as a quality criterion for their practice. norms of mental and perceived behavioural control are effective in explaining the purpose of prescribing. Key messages Policymakers should implement policies to develop physicians’ behavior and logical prescription by education, financial incentives; consequently. Mental and perceived behavioral control are effective in explaining the purpose of prescribing.


Geriatrics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Middleton

In the United Kingdom (UK), approximately 80,000 hip fractures each year result in an estimated annual cost of two billion pounds in direct healthcare costs alone. Various models of care exist for collaboration between orthopaedic surgeons and geriatricians in response to the complex medical, rehabilitation, and social needs of this patient group. Mounting evidence suggests that more integrated models of orthogeriatric care result in superior quality of care indicators and clinical outcomes. Clinical governance through national guidelines, audit through the National Hip Fracture Database (NHFD), and financial incentives through the Best Practice Tariff (providing a £1335 bonus for each patient) have driven hip fracture care in the UK forward. The demanded improvement in quality indicators has increased the popularity of collaborative care models and particularly integrated orthogeriatric services. A significant fall in 30-day mortality has resulted nationally. Ongoing data collection by the NHFD will lead to greater understanding of the impact of all elements of hip fracture care including models of orthogeriatrics.


2016 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Andon ◽  
Clinton Free ◽  
Radzi Jidin ◽  
Gary S. Monroe ◽  
Michael J. Turner

Author(s):  
Sebastjan Škerlič ◽  
Vanja Erčulj

The goal of the research is to determine how compensation affects the safety behavior of truck drivers and consequently the frequency of traffic accidents. For this purpose, a survey was conducted on a sample of 220 truck drivers in international road transport in the EU, where the results of the Structural Equation Model (SEM) show that in the current state of the transport sector, financial and non-financial incentives have a positive impact on the work and safety behavior of drivers. Financial incentives also have an impact on drivers’ increased perception of their driving ability, while moving violations continue to have a major impact on the number of accidents. The proposed improvements enable decision-makers at the highest level to adopt legal solutions to help manage the issues that have been affecting the industry from a work, social and safety point of view for the past several years. The results of the research therefore represent an important guideline for improvements to the legislature as well as in the systematization of truck driver compensation within companies.


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imranul Hoque

PurposeThis study aims to investigate how buyer-assisted lean intervention in garment supplier factories affects garment suppliers' productivity and production capability development.Design/methodology/approachEmploying a qualitative research approach and a lean intervention design, a multiple case study method was adopted for this study. Quantitative data on productivity performance and qualitative data on production capability development were collected from a Danish buyer and their four corresponding garment suppliers. Collected data were analysed using standard lean measurement tools and qualitative data analysis techniques.FindingsThis study demonstrates that buyer-assisted lean intervention is a useful strategy for garment suppliers to enhance their productivity and production capability. However, suppliers need to select the right lean tools, ensure seriousness and commitment to lean initiatives, substantial involvement of top management and workers, arrange formal and informal training, provide performance-based financial/non-financial incentives and nurture a learning culture to facilitate suppliers' production capability development.Research limitations/implicationsThis study implemented few lean tools in a single sewing line in four supplier factories for a short intervention duration. Thus, there is a scope for future studies to investigate the impact of the lean intervention on a large scale.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study might bring new insights to the management of buyer and supplier firms concerning how buyers could involve in suppliers' lean intervention initiatives and what suppliers need to ensure to develop production capability.Originality/valueFor the first time, this study engaged a buyer in suppliers' lean intervention initiatives to improve productivity and production capability in the garment industry of a developing country.


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