Consideraciones Generales Sobre El Derecho Procesal Canónico En Hispanoamérica Y Filipinas (S. Xvi-Xviii) (DCH) (General Considerations on Canonical Procedural Law in Spanish America and the Philippines (16th-18th Centuries) (DCH))

AbstractThis article features a connected history of punitive relocations in the Spanish Empire, from the independence of Spanish America to the “loss” of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines in 1898. Three levels of entanglement are highlighted here: the article looks simultaneously at punitive flows stemming from the colonies and from the metropole; it brings together the study of penal transportation, administrative deportation, and military deportation; and it discusses the relationship between punitive relocations and imprisonment. As part of this special issue, foregrounding “perspectives from the colonies”, I start with an analysis of the punitive flows that stemmed from the overseas provinces. I then address punishment in the metropole through the colonial lens, before highlighting the entanglements of penal transportation and deportation in the nineteenth-century Spanish Empire as a whole.

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Late Spanish Empire

10.1093/oso/9780197532768.003.0036 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 989-1010

Author(s):

Josep M. Fradera

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Asian Country ◽

The Philippines ◽

Spanish America ◽

Spanish Empire ◽

American Empire ◽

International Conflicts ◽

Liberal Constitutionalism ◽

The Relationship ◽

Us Intervention

After the Seven Years’ War, the Spanish Empire entered into a quickening spiral of internal and external changes. International rivalries accelerated internal adjustments in the relationship between society and an increasingly bureaucratic, intrusive, and demanding state. Internal and international conflicts resulting from the late-eighteenth-century wars and the Napoleonic invasion culminated with the crisis of the American empire and the emergence of independent republics all over the Spanish America. It was in those decades that the system of three colonies that would survive until the end of the Nineteenth century—Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines—was established. In the following decades, the three remaining overseas possessions would be sites of enormous changes. The Spanish monarchy put renewed emphasis on military might, giving its authorities a praetorian standing and skirting the edges of the liberal constitutionalism that ruled the Peninsula since 1836–1837. Cuba became critically important as the world’s greatest sugar-producing region, whose wealth was the result of vast plantations worked by slaves and indentured laborers imported (despite abolition) by British, French US and Spanish vessels. Meanwhile, In parallel, the Philippines became a major tobacco grower, the center of commerce with Asia, China in particular . The crisis of slavery in the Antilles after three wars of independence (1868-1898) and the subsequent political paralysis owing to the lack of reforms weakened Spain’s position as a colonial power in the last third of the nineteenth century. The US intervention of 1898, which coincided with anti-imperialist revolutions in Cuba and the Philippines, forced Spain to definitively withdraw, putting an end to its transatlantic nexus and to the Spanish nation’s identity as an American and Asian country.

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Local Sentences in the Chapter of the Postcolonial World

Diaspora A Journal of Transnational Studies ◽

10.3138/diaspora.7.1.87 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 87-112

Author(s):

Laura Chrisman

Keyword(s):

Postcolonial Theory ◽

The Philippines ◽

Cultural Analysis ◽

Spanish America ◽

Discourse Theory ◽

The Usa ◽

The Caribbean ◽

Scaling Down ◽

The Uk ◽

Striking Contrast

These comments, from Peter Hulme’s introduction, strike a keynote for this essay collection as a whole. Although some of its contributors align themselves with those very postmodern arguments from which Hulme marks his distance, they all share his concern with scaling down postcolonial cultural analysis and theorization to focus on particular cultural, historical, and geographical cases. This provides a striking contrast with the earlier stages of the “industry,” as inaugurated by Edward Said’s Orientalism (1978), which was concerned with mapping a phenomenon of massive historical and geographical proportions; or, alternatively, with Homi Bhabha’s projects in the mid-1980s (Location chap. 2-6), which took up the task of theorizing a generalized colonial subjectivity. It is not only the focus on “locality” which differentiates this collection from the earlier work of Said and Bhabha. This earlier stage of colonial dis-course/postcolonial theory privileged India and the Orient as objects of study (Said) or as the example from which psychoanalytic patterns could be derived (Bhabha). In this collection of twelve chapters, only one is devoted to India. The rest cover a striking regional range, including Spanish America, the Philippines, the Caribbean, West Africa, South Africa, France, the USA, and the UK. This diversity of regions ushers in a broadening of theoretical as well as physical terrain. Despite the volume’s title, “discourse” theory in a strongly Foucauldian sense is not prevalent in the contributions. And contrary to the title’s suggestion, colonialism serves more as an epistemological and political matrix than as a topic of analysis.

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Navíos para un imperio global: la construcción naval y la matrícula de mar en España, América y Filipinas durante el largo Siglo XVIII (1670-1834) = Warships for a Global Empire: Shipbuidling and the Maritime Registry in Spain, America and the Philippines during the Long Eighteenth Century (1670-1834)

Espacio Tiempo y Forma Serie IV Historia Moderna ◽

10.5944/etfiv.32.2019.22245 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 123

Author(s):

Iván Valdez-Bubnov

Keyword(s):

Eighteenth Century ◽

The Philippines ◽

The State ◽

Spanish America ◽

Small Scale ◽

Main Hypothesis ◽

Building Process ◽

State Administration ◽

Long Eighteenth Century ◽

Private Contracting

El presente estudio tiene el propósito de analizar la política industrial desarrollada por la monarquía hispánica para la producción de buques de guerra durante un largo siglo XVIII comprendido entre 1670 y 1834. Su hipótesis fundamental es que una de las claves para completar nuestro conocimiento sobre la naturaleza de los sistemas administrativos de la construcción naval es la relación del Estado y la iniciativa empresarial con la mano de obra especializada, encuadrada en el marco normativo de la Matrícula de Mar. Esta línea interpretativa intersecta con el debate historiográfico dedicado a la alternativa asiento/administración directa como clave para comprender la importancia de la construcción naval en el proceso de construcción del Estado moderno. La conexión se encuentra en que la tendencia legislativa de la corona consistió, primero, en militarizar la mano de obra especializada por medio de la inclusión en la matrícula y, posteriormente, en concentrar los contratos de construcción naval exclusivamente en individuos matriculados. Esto representa una diferencia estructural entre el contratista de principios del siglo XVIII, encargado de una multiplicidad de procesos productivos, y aquél de finales de la centuria, responsable únicamente de la movilización y administración de una mano de obra previamente militarizada. De manera paralela, este estudio busca integrar la dimensión asiática de la construcción naval española, no de manera tangencial, sino como un componente fundamental y prioritario del reformismo borbónico en las industrias estratégicas.AbstractThe purpose of the present article is to outline the industrial policies developed by the Spanish Monarchy for the production of warships during the long Eighteenth century (1670-1834), in Spain, America and the Philippines. Its main hypothesis is that an important element to complete our understanding of the administrative systems of Spanish naval shipbuilding is the relationship between the State, the entrepreneurs dedicated to this aspect of the armaments industry, and the specialised workforce recruited through the registry of maritime professions known as Matrícula de Mar. This line of argumentation intersects with the historiographical debate dedicated to understand the State-building process of imperial Spain through the two main administrative methods employed in its armaments industries (private contracting and direct state administration). The Matrícula de Mar allowed the Spanish crown to create new militarised corporations of shipbuilding workers and, from the last third of the Eighteenth century it followed a consistent policy of concentrating the shipbuilding contracts on small-scale entrepreneurs belonging to these corporations. This had important implications for the meaning of the alternative between private contracting and direct state administration. The article also details the peculiarities of shipbuilding administration in Spanish America and Asia, through the expansion of the Matrícula de Mar.

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