Decision support system to divide a large network into suitable District Metered Areas

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 1667-1675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Gomes ◽  
Alfeu Sá Marques ◽  
Joaquim Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Water Distribution ◽  
Simulated Annealing Algorithm ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Large Network ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Large Water ◽  
Hydraulic Simulator

This paper presents a new approach to divide large Water Distribution Networks (WDN) into suitable District Metered Areas (DMAs). It uses a hydraulic simulator and two operational models to identify the optimal number of DMAs, their entry points and boundary valves, and the network reinforcement/replacement needs throughout the project plan. The first model divides the WDN into suitable DMAs based on graph theory concepts and some user-defined criteria. The second model uses a simulated annealing algorithm to identify the optimal number and location of entry points and boundary valves, and the pipes reinforcement/replacement, necessary to meet the velocity and pressure requirements. The objective function is the difference between the economic benefits in terms of water loss reduction (arising from the average pressure reduction) and the cost of implementing the DMAs. To illustrate the proposed methodology, the results from a hypothetical case study are presented and discussed.

scholarly journals Leakage Calibration in Water Distribution Networks with Pressure-Driven Analysis: A Real Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Joaquim Sousa ◽  
Nuno Martinho ◽  
João Muranho ◽  
Alfeu Sá Marques
Keyword(s):  
Water Distribution ◽  
Simulated Annealing Algorithm ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Water Distribution Networks ◽  
Real Case ◽  
Calibration Process ◽  
Pressure Step ◽  
Water Companies ◽  
Pressure Driven

Leakage in water distribution networks (WDN) is still a major concern for water companies. In recent years, the scientific community has dedicated some effort to the leakage calibration issue to obtain accurate models. But leakage modelling implies the use of a pressure-driven approach as well as specific data to define the pressure/leakage relationship. This paper presents the calibration process of a real case study WDN model. The process started with pressure step tests, the model was built in WaterNetGen and the leakage calibration process was performed by a simulated annealing algorithm. As illustrated, after calibration the model was able to produce accurate results.

scholarly journals Management of Water Distribution Systems in PDA Condition with Isolation Valves

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attilio Fiorini Morosini ◽  
Olga Caruso ◽  
Paolo Veltri
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
System Control ◽  
Pipe Failure ◽  
Reliable System ◽  
Network Nodes ◽  
Pipe Burst

The correct management of Water Distribution Networks (WDNs) allows to obtain a reliable system. When a pipe failure occurs in a network and it is necessary to isolate a zone, it is possible that some nodes do not guarantee service for the users due to inadequate heads. In these conditions a Pressure Driven Analysis (PDA) is the correct approach to evaluate network behavior. This analysis is more appropriate than the Demand Driven Analysis (DDA) because it is known that the effective delivered flow at each node is influenced by the pressure value. In this case, it is important to identify a subset of isolation valves to limit disrupting services in the network. For a real network, additional valves must be added to existing ones. In this paper a new methodological analysis is proposed: it defines an objective function (OF) to provide a measure of the system correct functioning. The network analysis using the OF helps to choose the optimal number of additional valves to obtain an adequate system control. In emergency conditions, the OF takes into account the new network topology obtained excluding the zone where the broken pipe is located. OF values depend on the demand deficit caused by the head decrement in the network nodes for each pipe burst considered. The results obtained for a case study confirm the efficiency of the methodology.

scholarly journals Mathematical model as a standard procedure to analyze small and large water distribution networks

2015 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 541-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Prieto ◽  
M.A. Murado ◽  
J. Bartlett ◽  
W.L. Magette ◽  
Thomas P. Curran
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Water Distribution Networks ◽  
Large Water

scholarly journals A growth model for water distribution networks with loops

2021 ◽  
Vol 477 (2255) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashin Sugishita ◽  
Noha Abdel-Mottaleb ◽  
Qiong Zhang ◽  
Naoki Masuda
Keyword(s):  
Growth Model ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Water Distribution Networks ◽  
Service Areas ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Positive Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Positive Correlations

Water distribution networks (WDNs) expand their service areas over time. These growth dynamics are poorly understood. One facet of WDNs is that they have loops in general, and closing loops may be a functionally important process for enhancing their robustness and efficiency. We propose a growth model for WDNs that generates networks with loops and is applicable to networks with multiple water sources. We apply the proposed model to four empirical WDNs to show that it produces networks whose structure is similar to that of the empirical WDNs. The comparison between the empirical and modelled WDNs suggests that the empirical WDNs may realize a reasonable balance between cost, efficiency and robustness in terms of the network structure. We also study the design of pipe diameters based on a biological positive feedback mechanism. Specifically, we apply a model inspired by Physarum polycephalum to find moderate positive correlations between the empirical and modelled pipe diameters. The difference between the empirical and modelled pipe diameters suggests that we may be able to improve the performance of WDNs by following organizing principles of biological flow networks.

scholarly journals Water Network Design Using a Multiobjective Real Options Framework

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Marques ◽  
Maria Cunha ◽  
Dragan Savić ◽  
Orazio Giustolisi
Keyword(s):  
Real Options ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Simulated Annealing Algorithm ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Hydraulic Pressure ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Specific Objective

Water distribution networks (WDNs) are an essential element of urban infrastructure. To achieve a good level of performance, the traditional design of WDNs based on expected future conditions should be replaced by a flexible design, using real options (ROs), that accounts for uncertainty by taking a broader view of possible future options. This work proposes a multiobjective ROs framework that sets out to reduce costs, minimize hydraulic pressure deficiency, and a third objective for minimizing carbon emissions. A multiobjective simulated annealing algorithm is used to identify the Pareto-optimal solutions, thus enabling a trade-off analysis between solutions. These trade-offs show that a low pressure deficit solution is achieved by increasing investment at a much faster rate after a certain pressure deficit threshold (60 m). Also, the pressure deficits can only be reduced by increasing carbon emissions. Finally, this work also emphasizes the importance of including carbon emissions as a specific objective by comparing the results of the proposed model and another one that did not cover the environmental objective. The results show that it is possible to reduce CO2 for the same level of capital expenditure or the same level of network pressure deficits if carbon emissions are minimized in the optimization process.

scholarly journals Modelling water quality in drinking water distribution networks from real-time direction data

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Nazarovs ◽  
S. Dejus ◽  
T. Juhna
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Time Flow

Abstract. Modelling of contamination spread and location of a contamination source in a water distribution network is an important task. There are several simulation tools developed, however the significant part of them is based on hydraulic models that need node demands as input data that sometimes may result in false negative results and put users at risk. The paper considers applicability of a real-time flow direction data based model for contaminant transport in a distribution network of a city and evaluates the optimal number of flow direction sensors. Simulation data suggest that the model is applicable for the distribution network of the city of Riga and that the optimal number of sensors in this case is around 200.

scholarly journals Modelling water quality in drinking water distribution networks from real-time direction data

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-46
Author(s):  
S. Nazarovs ◽  
S. Dejus ◽  
T. Juhna
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Time Flow ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution

Abstract. Modelling of contamination spread and location of contamination source in a water distribution network is an important task. The paper considers applicability of real-time flow direction data based model for contaminant transport for a distribution network of a city. Simulations of several contamination scenarios are made to evaluate necessary number of flow direction sensors. It is found that for a model, containing major pipes of Riga distribution system, sensor number decrease from 927 to 207 results in average 20% increase of simulated contaminated length of pipes. Simulation data suggest that optimal number of sensors for Riga model is around 200.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document