scholarly journals Co-optimisation of phosphorus and nitrogen removal in stormwater biofilters: the role of filter media, vegetation and saturated zone

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 1961-1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonnie J. Glaister ◽  
Tim D. Fletcher ◽  
Perran L. M. Cook ◽  
Belinda E. Hatt
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Saturated Zone ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
The Impact

Biofilters have been shown to effectively treat stormwater and achieve nutrient load reduction targets. However, effluent concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus typically exceed environmental targets for receiving water protection. This study investigates the role of filter media, vegetation and a saturated zone (SZ) in achieving co-optimised nitrogen and phosphorus removal in biofilters. Twenty biofilter columns were monitored over a 12-month period of dosing with semi-synthetic stormwater. The frequency of dosing was altered seasonally to examine the impact of hydrologic variability. Very good nutrient removal (90% total phosphorus, 89% total nitrogen) could be achieved by incorporating vegetation, an SZ and Skye sand, a naturally occurring iron-rich filter medium. This design maintained nutrient removal at or below water quality guideline concentrations throughout the experiment, demonstrating resilience to wetting–drying fluctuations. The results also highlighted the benefit of including an SZ to maintain treatment performance over extended dry periods. These findings represent progress towards designing biofilters which co-optimise nitrogen and phosphorus removal and comply with water quality guidelines.

scholarly journals Role of different plants on nitrogen and phosphorus removal at low temperature in lab-scale constructed wetlands

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 01023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liwei Xiao ◽  
Hong Jiang ◽  
Chao Shen ◽  
Ke Li ◽  
Lei Hu
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Sichuan Basin ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Stems And Leaves ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

In this study, plant growth and nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency in lab-scale CWs by five plants (H. vulgaris, N. peltatum, N. tetragona, N. pumilum, S. trifolia) in winter in Sichuan basin was evaluated. H. vulgaris and N. tetragona would well adapt to the winter wetland environment, and the relative growth at the end of the experiment was 89.83% and 66.85%, respectively. In winter, H. vulgaris kept growing with accumulated stems and leaves, while growth of N. tetragona was mainly caused by the growth of roots and stems underwater. In addition, during the winter, removal efficiencies were 66.29%, 57.47%, 54.78%, 55.47%, 41.66% of TN and 62.40%, 69.75%, 69.97%, 65.65%, 76.55% of TP for each planted CWs respectively. The results indicated that the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from CWs was mainly achieved by substrate, while a small portion was attributed by plant. However, plants like H. vulgaris and N. tetragona, in the CWs in winter can play the role of landscaping. Thus, H. vulgaris could be considered as a suitable and effective nutrient removal plant for treatment of nitrogen and phosphorus water in winter wetlands in Sichuan basin.

Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal in a Subsurface-Flow Reed Bed

1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garba Laouali ◽  
Jacques Brisson ◽  
Linda Dumont ◽  
Gilles Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Water Courses ◽  
Reed Bed

Abstract During the last decades, there has been a growing concern over phosphorus and nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment systems. Excessive loads of these nutrients have been implicated in the eutrophication of water courses. Although effectiveness of constructed reed beds for primary and secondary wastewater treatments is well established, their capacity for nutrient removal is not as well documented, especially under northern temperate climates. We monitored nutrient removal in the experimental reed bed wastewater treatment of the Biosphère de Montréal, a museum entirely devoted to the important role of water in the ecosystem. Over the first 2 years of operation, nutrient removal during plant growing season averaged 60% for total nitrogen, 53% for Kjeldahl nitrogen, 73% for total phosphorus and 94% for phosphate. Removal remains acceptable in winter despite a slight decrease in efficiency. Nitrification-deni-trification appears to be the main mechanism responsible for nitrogen removal, while precipitation and adsorption account for most of the phosphorus removal.

Comparison of nutrient removal efficiency between pre- and post-denitrification wastewater treatments

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Hamada ◽  
T. Kuba ◽  
V. Torrico ◽  
M. Okazaki ◽  
T. Kusuda
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Nutrient Removal Efficiency ◽  
Polyphosphate Accumulating Organisms ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
Denitrification Process

A shortage of organic substances (COD) may cause problems for biological nutrient removal, that is, lower influent COD concentration leads to lower nutrient removal rates. Biological phosphorus removal and denitrification are reactions in which COD is indispensable. As for biological simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal systems, a competition problem of COD utilisation between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) and non-polyphosphate-accumulating denitrifiers is not avoided. From the viewpoint of effective utilisation of limited influent COD, denitrifying phosphorus-removing organisms (DN-PAOs) can be effective. In this study, DN-PAOs activities in modified UCT (pre-denitrification process) and DEPHANOX (post-denitrification ptocess) wastewater treatments were compared. In conclusion, the post-denitrification systems can use influent COD more effectively and have higher nutrient removal efficiencies than the conventional pre-denitrification systems.

Water Quality Improvement through Bioretention Media: Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal

2006 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen P. Davis ◽  
Mohammad Shokouhian ◽  
Himanshu Sharma ◽  
Christie Minami
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Water Quality Improvement

Role of Terrestrial Ecosystems Planted with Ligneous Species in M.H.E.A. System Receiving Urban Wastewaters

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
M. Nemcova ◽  
D. Cadelli ◽  
M. Radoux
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Experimental Plant ◽  
Tertiary Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal

Tests were carried out in a small-scale experimental plant. The system consisted of aquatic ecosystems without macrophytes (stage I) followed by semi-aquatic ecosystems planted with Typha latifolia L. (stage II). The outflow of stage II was evenly distributed into 10 units of terrestrial ecosystems (stage III), planted with ligneous species or without vegetation (control). The whole plant received a hydraulic load of 384 1/day of urban wastewaters. The net treatment area per person equivalent (PE) was 8 m2. The study focused on the evaluation of the role of terrestrial ecosystems mainly in tertiary treatment (nitrogen and phosphorus removal). Stages I and II with a surface area of 4 m2/PE assure a primary and secondary purification level that conforms with European standards. As for the tertiary treatment, removal efficiency remains inadequate. The primary and secondary efficiencies were considerably enhanced by installing terrestrial ecosystems after the two previous stages. The outflow water of all tested successions respects the European norms for suspended solids (35 mg/l), COD (125 mg/l) and BOD5 (25 mg/l). Concerning tertiary efficiency, the planted ecosystems systematically enhance nitrogen and phosphorus removal compared to the control sand. The succession with Salix has shown the best results. The outflow concentrations were 0.8 and 3.7 mg/l of total nitrogen and 1.8 and 1.3 mg/l of total phosphorus respectively (average values for periods 1995 and 1996). The control successions containing non-planted unit (sand) were significantly the least efficient for both nitrogen and phosphorus removal.

scholarly journals Influence of forest cutting down on runoff and nutrient removal from forest catchment of Karelia (according to mathematical modeling)

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-66
Author(s):  
S.A. Kondratyev ◽  
Yu.V. Karpechko ◽  
M.V. Shmakova
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Lake Onega ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Forest Catchment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Forest Cutting

The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of forestry activities on the runoff and nutrient removal from the forest catchments of Karelia using mathematical modeling. The catchment area of the Big Velmuksa river in Karelia with an area of about 139 km2 has been chosen as a research object. It is a part of the catchment of the Vodla river - one of the largest tributaries of Lake Onega. Almost the entire catchment area of the Big Velmuksa river is forested (94%). The main direction of economic activity in the forest catchment areas in Karelia, including the Big Velmuksa catchment, is cutting down and growing new forest. In this study a simple model of runoff and nutrient removal from the forest catchment has been proposed. The purpose of this model is to describe the dynamics of the studied processes both during the natural development of the forest and in the process of reforestation after cutting down. It is shown that when forestry activities are carried out in accordance with forestry regulations rules, significant changes in runoff and nutrient removal are not recorded. The obtained result is explained by the fact that the volume of cutting down is approximately equal to the volume of growth, the level of variation in runoff and removal of chemicals depending insignificantly on human forestry activities. In addition, a simulation of the effects of hypothetical cutting down of 50 and 100% of the forest area on an experimental catchment has been carried out, allowing to assess the interval of possible extreme changes in runoff and nutrient removal. The results show the increase in runoff from the catchment to be 48 mm / year and the decrease in nutrient removal - 14.3 tN / year and 0.35 tP / year after 100% deforestation. Subsequent reforestation and the associated increase in nitrogen and phosphorus removal will continue for about 80 years

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