Energy Savings and Breakeven Costs for Residential Heat Pump Water Heaters in the United States

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Maguire ◽  
Jay Burch ◽  
Tim Merrigan ◽  
Sean Ong
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
The United States ◽  
Water Heaters

scholarly journals Energy Savings and Breakeven Cost for Residential Heat Pump Water Heaters in the United States

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Maguire ◽  
J. Burch ◽  
T. Merrigan ◽  
S. Ong
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
The United States ◽  
Water Heaters

A Regional Comparison of Solar, Heat Pump, and Solar-Heat Pump Systems

1982 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Manton ◽  
J. W. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
The United States ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Total System ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Solar Heat ◽  
Alternative System

A comparative study of the thermal and economic performance of the parallel and series solar-heat pump systems, stand-alone solar, and stand-alone heat pump systems for residential space and domestic hot water heating has been undertaken for the United States using FCHART 4.0 [1]. The results are useful for a regional assessment of the viability of the different systems, and for assessing policies that will encourage the implementation of the most energy efficient system. The magnitude of the potential energy savings was determined for each system on the basis of an equal total system cost in the case of the series, parallel, and solar systems. The cost was governed by current federal tax credits, and found to be 10,000 dollars. The size and cost of the heat pump are the same in the series, parallel, and stand-alone heat pump systems. A line can be drawn across the United States north of which the parallel heat pump system saves the most energy, and south of which the solar system saves the most. The better of either the solar or the parallel systems consistently used less energy than either stand-alone heat pump or series systems for all locations. The conventional oil or gas furnace seasonal efficiency which would be required to save as much primary energy as the better alternative system was identified regionally. In all but the northern portions of the United States, conventional furnaces would use more primary energy than the better alternative system. The price that the solar collector in the series heat pump system would have to be so that a larger collection system could be installed and the series system would match the energy savings of the preferred system, whether solar or parallel heat pump, was calculated. This price was one-half to two-thirds of current collector prices. The break-even electricity price was determined which is the price below which the life cycle savings of the alternative system are positive. The better alternative was found to be economic against oil furnaces in all regions of the U.S., but economic against gas furnaces only in the Southwest.

Performance of Heat Pump Water Heater (HPWH) Systems and Their Impacts on Electric Utility Loads

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yahya I. Sharaf-Eldeen
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Electric Heating ◽  
Electric Utility ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Water Heaters ◽  
Peak Loads

This work involves measurements, analyses, and evaluation of performance of air-source heat pump water heaters (HPWHs), and their impacts on electric utility loads. Two add-on, heat pumps (HPs) rated at 7000 BTU/h (2.051 kW) and 12,000 BTU/h (3.517 kW) were utilized. The HPs were retrofitted to two 50 gal (189.3 l) electric water heaters (EWHs) with their electric heating elements removed. A third standard EWH was used for comparison. The testing setups were fully instrumented for measurements of all pertinent parameters, including inlet and outlet water temperatures, inlet and outlet air temperatures of the HPs, temperature and humidity of the surrounding air, volume of water drawn out of the storage tanks, as well as the electric energy consumptions of the systems. Performance measures evaluated included the coefficient of performance, the energy factor (EF), and the first hour rating (FHR). The HPWH systems gave EFs ranging from 1.8 to 2.5 and corresponding energy savings (and reductions in utility peak loads) ranging from 49.0% to 63.0%, approximately. The values obtained in the summer months were, as expected, somewhat higher than those obtained in the winter ones. The average values of the EFs and energy savings (and reductions in utility peak loads) were about 2.1 and 56.0%, respectively. FHR results were much lower for the HPWHs compared with those for the standard EWH. These results show that HPWHs are much more efficient compared with standard EWHs. While the average value of the EF for the EWH was about 0.92, the HPWHs yielded EFs averaging more than 2.00, resulting in annual energy savings averaging more than 50%. The results also show that HPWHs are effective at reducing utility peak loads, in addition to providing substantial cost savings to consumers.

Estimation of change in house sales prices in the United States after heat pump adoption

Nature Energy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingchi Shen ◽  
Pengfei Liu ◽  
Yueming (Lucy) Qiu ◽  
Anand Patwardhan ◽  
Parth Vaishnav
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
The United States

scholarly journals Assessment of residential exhaust-air heat pump applications in the United States

Energy ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 469-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.H. Wallman ◽  
B.S. Pedersen ◽  
R.J. Mowris ◽  
W.J. Fisk ◽  
D.T. Grimsrud
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
The United States
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