MiRNAs as Biomarkers in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Current State of the Art

Background: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited Cardiomyopathy. The hallmark of HCM is myocardial fibrosis that contributes to heart failure, arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Objective: Currently there are no reliable serum biomarkers for detection of myocardial fibrosis, while cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is an imaging technique to detect myocardial fibrosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been increasingly suggested as biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases. However, in HCM there is as yet no identified and verified specific circulating miRNA signature. Methods: We conducted a review of literature to identify the studies that indicate the possible roles of miRNAs in HCM. Results: From studies in transgenic mice with HCM, miR-1, -133 may identify HCM in the early asymptomatic phase. Human miR-29a could be used as a circulating biomarker for detection of both myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis in HCM, while it could also have a possible additional role in discrimination of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy from non-obstructive HCM. Additionally, miR-29a-3p is associated with diffuse myocardial fibrosis in HCM while miR-1-3p could discriminate end-stage HCM from dilated cardiomyopathy and left ventricle dilation. Another role of miRNAs could also be the contribution in differential diagnosis between HCM and phenocopies. Moreover, miRNA-targeted therapy (miR-133 mimics) is promising in inhibiting cardiac hypertrophy but this is still in the early stages. Conclusion: A more reliable and specific signature of miRNAs is expected with forthcoming studies in samples from HCM patients and correlation of miRNAs with CMR and serum markers of fibrosis may implicate novel diagnostic and therapeutic pathways.

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Histological and Histometric Characterization of Myocardial Fibrosis in End-Stage Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Circulation Heart Failure ◽

10.1161/circheartfailure.116.003090 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Giuseppe Galati ◽

Ornella Leone ◽

Ferdinando Pasquale ◽

Iacopo Olivotto ◽

Elena Biagini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽

Myocardial Fibrosis ◽

End Stage

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Role of Perioperative Echocardiography in the Diagnosis of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Decoding Special Problem in the Background of Commoners

Journal of Perioperative Echocardiography ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10034-1066 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 27-30

Author(s):

Banashree Mandal ◽

Gurpinder S Ghotra

Keyword(s):

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽

Aortic Stenosis ◽

Valve Replacement ◽

Severe Aortic Stenosis ◽

Special Problem ◽

Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy ◽

Valvular Aortic Stenosis ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Vessel Coronary Artery

ABSTRACT We present a case posted for CABG with double valve replacement (DVR) for triple-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD), rheumatic severe mitral regurgitation, and severe aortic stenosis. However, preprocedure echocardiography in the operation theater confirmed the diagnosis of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) instead of valvular aortic stenosis, thereby altering the procedure performed to CABG, mitral valve replacement (MVR), and myectomy. How to cite this article Mandal B, Rana SS, Munirathinam GK, Ghotra SS. Role of Perioperative Echocardiography in the Diagnosis of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Decoding Special Problem in the Background of Commoners. J Perioper Echocardiogr 2017;5(1):27-30.

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Assessment of Myocardial Fibrosis in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance: Modalities and Clinical Applications

International Cardiovascular Forum Journal ◽

10.17987/icfj.v8i0.253 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Carla Contaldi

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Myocardial Fibrosis ◽

Interstitial Fibrosis ◽

Current Status ◽

The Novel ◽

Arteriolar Wall ◽

Current Pathway

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a primary myocardial disease caused by mutations in sarcomeric contractile proteins, characterized by cardiomyocytes disarray, interstitial fibrosis, increased arteriolar wall thickness and scarring.Fibrosis could represent a substrate for the generation of malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias, which represent the current pathway for sudden cardiac death and is responsible for passive diastolic dysfunction, that is the leading cause of dyspnea.The aim of this review is to depict the increasingly role of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) for assessment of myocardial fibrosis in HCM. This article will briefly review the current status of the novel CMR techniques (the Late Gadolinium Enhancement and the emerging T1 mapping) for identification, characterization and quantization of myocardial fibrosis in HCM.In addition, this review will discuss the most recent acquisition techniques, the new parameters and their possible clinical utility in diagnosis, therapeutic management and prognosis in HCM.

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