Micro-RNA Profiling as a Predictor of Clinical Outcomes for Head and Neck Cancer Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (32) ◽  
pp. 4729-4744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana Isayeva ◽  
Margaret Brandwein-Gensler ◽  
Maheshika Somarathna ◽  
Lakisha D. Moore-Smith ◽  
Timmy Lee
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Micro Rna ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Survival Outcomes ◽  
Recurrence Rates

Head and neck cancer is one of the leading malignancies worldwide. Due to the lack of symptoms in the early stage of the disease, about two thirds of patients present with locally advanced disease at the time of diagnosis. Even with significantly improved survival rates over the past two decades due to advanced imaging and treatment modalities, locoregional recurrence rates in patients with advanced disease ranges from 16% to 35%. Alternative therapeutic targets are being developed to improve survival outcomes. MicroRNAs (miRNA or miRs) are a family of small non-coding RNA species that have been demonstrated to regulate all cellular, physiological and developmental processes. Recently, there has been an exponential increase in the number of studies suggesting that miRNA is involved in regulating tumor metastasis, chemoresistance, radioresistance and survival outcomes. MiRNA candidates have been identified as potential prognostic biomarkers to diagnose cancer stages and progression, as well as to monitor follow-up treatment. In this review, we will discuss the miRNA profile in each stage of head and neck patients' therapy, with an emphasis on its application to clinical outcome prognosis.

scholarly journals Postoperative Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Vedang Murthy ◽  
Sayan Kundu ◽  
Tanweer Shahid ◽  
Ashwini Budrukkar ◽  
Tejpal Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Postoperative Radiotherapy ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Advanced Head ◽  
Locoregional Failure

Abstract Though early stage head and neck cancers can be cured either by surgery or radiation, patients with locally advanced disease continues to pose a therapeutic challenge. Locoregional failure is the major cause of death in head and neck cancers. As the outcome of locally advanced head and neck cancer is less than promising, a combined modality approach is generally undertaken in this group of patients. The combination of surgery, radiation and more recently, chemotherapy and targeted therapy can improve outcomes in locally advanced head and neck cancer patients. This overview discusses the rationale and role of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in advanced head and neck cancers, the radiotherapy technique in brief and methods of enhancing the efficacy of postoperative RT by altering the fractionation schedules and adding chemotherapy and targeted therapy.

scholarly journals Treatment outcome of postoperative radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
H. U. Ghori ◽  
M. Sohaib ◽  
Vivek Tiwari ◽  
Manish Ahirwar
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Postoperative Radiotherapy ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Neck Tumors ◽  
Modality Approach

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Though early stage malignancy of head and neck can be cured by surgery or radiotherapy, cure of patients with locally advanced disease continues to pose a therapeutic challenge. Loco regional failure is the major cause of death in head and neck cancer. As the cure of locally advance head and neck cancer is less than expectation, a combined modality approach is generally used in these type of patients. The combination of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy can improve outcome in locally advance head and neck cancer.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This observational study reviewed cancer patients reported in our hospital with the following inclusion criteria: primary head and neck cancer, treatment with radical surgery, and multiple nodal metastases. The prescribed dose of postoperative radiotherapy was 60–66 Gy. Patient characteristics, treatment parameters and clinical outcome were recorded.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The primary end point was overall survival, and the secondary endpoint was disease status.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Concurrent postoperative administration of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is a way to intensify treatment for resectable high-risk head and neck tumors.</p>

scholarly journals Controversies in the Locoregional Management of Head and Neck Cancer

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 653-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Brizel ◽  
William Lydiatt ◽  
A. Dimitrios Colevas
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Primary Therapy ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Pet Scanning

Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a heterogeneous combination of various sites and types of disease. This manuscript elaborates on 3 important and current issues: the emerging role of human papilloma virus (HPV) in oropharyngeal cancer (OPC), current considerations in systemic therapy for advanced disease, and evolving treatment of the neck. Exogenous carcinogens, most notably tobacco, have classically been implicated in the development of HNC. A large increase in the incidence of OPC has occurred in the past few decades, predominantly in nontobacco users, and is caused by HPV. This disease is unique in many respects and presents an opportunity for novel therapeutic approaches. Because the prognosis for HPV-related HNC is better, regardless of whether surgery or radiation is used as the primary therapy, the reduction of treatment-related morbidity has assumed increasing importance and provides unique opportunities and challenges for de-escalation of therapies. Radiotherapy (RT) and concurrent cisplatin is the most commonly used nonsurgical platform for locally advanced disease. New data suggest that viable alternatives exist to the typical 3 cycles of bolus high-dose cisplatin. The role of RT and concurrent taxanes remains less understood. Similarly, the value of integrating epidermal growth factor inhibition and concurrent chemoradiation is under continuing investigation. The use of PET scanning is changing the traditional use of adjuvant neck dissection after RT or chemoradiation. Recent data support the use of surgery in the presence of a positive posttreatment PET, and observation in the setting of a negative posttreatment scan.

Chemo-Radiotherapeutic Management of Advanced Head and Neck Cancer

1989 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 600-604
Author(s):  
Luigi Pirtoli ◽  
Enrico Tucci ◽  
Fiorella Pepi ◽  
Lucio Sebaste ◽  
Mirco Bindi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Remission Rate ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Advanced Head ◽  
Drug Administration Schedule

Stage III and IV head and neck cancer patients usually achieve poor therapeutic results after radiotherapy. The search for more effective treatment modalities is justified, provided that tolerance is not lower than that of the usual radiation therapy schedules. Chemotherapy has been shown to be effective, and cisplatinum and bleomycin based treatments are reported to result in objective remissions in a substantial proportion of cases. There is also experimental evidence of a radiosensitizing activity of cisplatinum. Thirty-five locally advanced head and neck cancer patients were given combined chemo-radiotherapeutic treatment consisting of a cisplatinum and bleomycin induction followed by a standard radiotherapy course integrated with weekly administrations of cisplatinum. Before radiotherapy, an overall 48.5 % objective remission rate was achieved, that rose to 85.8 % after completion of the entire treatment, with a 31.5 % complete response rate. Incidence and severity of radiation mucositis seem not to be increased, and systemic toxicity is very low, with the adopted drug administration schedule. Overall results do not show any obvious superiority over those of radiotherapy alone.

scholarly journals UNRESECTABLE HEAD AND NECK CARCINOMAS

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 111-119
Author(s):  
AHMAD IJAZ MASUD ◽  
QAISER MAHMOOD ◽  
NASREEN SIDDIQUE
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Head And Neck Carcinoma ◽  
Ulcer Bleeding ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Neck Carcinoma

Introduction: Cancers of the head and neck are estimated to be the most prevalent cancers in the world. Data from various cancer centers of Pakistan reveal that epithelial head and neck cancer is one of the most frequent cancers varying from 12 to 25% of the total new patients seenannually. Objectives: To see the effect of concomitant chemo-radiotherapy on the survival of patient, to assess the toxicity of different treatment arms and the effect of age, sex and bulk or tumour on survival and compare the literature. Setting: Radiotherapy Department, Nishtar Hospital, Multan. Duration: 2 years. Material and Methods: Sample Size: 200 patients. Results: Out of 130 patients, 83 were males and theremaining 47 were females. The male to female ratio being 1.8:1. The mean age of the patients included in the study was 52 years, range being 22-80 years. The patients of head and neck cancer in the trial had different sites of involvement. In the trial the patients presented with various symptoms such as pain, swelling, ulcer, bleeding, dysphagia, dyspnea, hoarseness of voice and nasal obstruction etc. No patient had early stage disease. All the patients in the trial had the experience of nausea and vomiting, it was more marked in patients having radiotherapy; either alone or in concomitant with chemotherapy. The patients having concomitant chemo-radiotherapy i.e. group-C also had diarrhoea as a side effect. The effect on the liver function test was more pronounced in patients of group-A. The renal function was seen to alter more in patients receiving chemotherapy with cisplatin, whether as induction or as a concomitant to radiotherapy. Conclusion: Concomitant chemo-radiotherapy in locally advanced, unresectable head and neck carcinoma is statistically superior to induction chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy and the standard radiotherapy alone.

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